1、专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 54 及答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on th
2、e Answer Sheet.0 There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable at an earlier period; our desire for material wealth may have been justified. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be produci
3、ng too much, too fast.Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. There include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing inc
4、rease in the worlds population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These prop
5、onents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization.This debate ov
6、er the desirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored. To find a solution, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and co
7、ntinue discussing them with one another.1 We may infer from the context that “proponents“ (Para. 3) most probably means_.（A）arguments in support of something（B） disagreements（C） people who argue for something（D）people who argue against something1 There are people who are especially attracted to the
8、concept of “climbing the ladder“ so to increase their status, financial position, and sense of self-worth. In part, as a result of the work ethic (行为准则) , these people are internally “driven“ to work. Frequently, foreign visitors have observed that Americans spend an excessive amount of time working
9、 and as a consequence, Americans have little time for leisure or personal relationships. In American English a new word has been created to describe people who work compulsively. The word “workaholic“ describes an individual who is as devoted to work as an alcoholic is addicted to liquor.There are c
10、onflicting points of view about workaholics. Those concerned with problems of mental stress believe workaholics abuse themselves physically and mentally. Others hold that workaholics are valuable members of society because they are extremely productive. The American culture values achievement, effic
11、iency, and productiona workaholic upholds these values.2 The word “workaholic“ refers to a person_.（A）who especially likes alcohol（B） who enjoys working（C） who is forced to work by someone else（D）who likes to work and to drink liquor2 Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to
12、risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows that his property can be damaged by fire; the ship owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the bread-winner knows that he may die at an early age and leave his family poorer. On the other hand, not every house is damaged by fire nor ever
13、y vessel is lost at sea. If these persons each put a small sum into a pool, there will be enough to meet the needs of the few who do suffer loss. In other words, the losses of the few are met from the contributions of the many. This is the basis of insurance. Those who pay the contribution are known
14、 as “insured“ and those who administer the pool of contributions as “insurers“.Not all risks end themselves to being covered by insurance. Broadly speaking, the ordinary risks of business and speculation cannot be covered. The risk that buyers will not buy goods at the prices offered is not of a kin
15、d that can be statistically estimated and risks can only be insured against, if they can be so estimated.The legal basis of all insurance is the policy. This is a printed form of contract on stout paper of the best quality. It states in return for the regular payment by the insured of a named sum of
16、 money, called the “premium“, which is usually paid every year, the insurer will pay a sum of money or compensation for loss, if the risk or event insured against actually happens. The wording of policies, particularly in marine insurance, often seems very old-fashioned, but there is a sound reason
17、for this. Over a large number of years many law cases have been brought to clear up the meanings of doubtful phrases in policies. The law courts, in their judgments, have given these phrases a definite and indisputable meaning, and to avoid future disputes that the phrases have continued to be used
18、in policies even when they have passed out of normal use in speech.3 The “basis of insurance“ (Para. 1) refers to_.（A）the sharing of risks（B） the administration of contributions（C） the payment of contributions（D）exposure to risks4 By “the pool of contributions“ (Para. 1) the writer means_.（A）money p
19、aid by the insured（B） money paid the insured（C） the cost of administering insurance（D）the amount of each premium4 The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things: the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. Labor-saving machinery na
20、turally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe,“ said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being sufficient; here it is to make the most of our labor, land being abundant.“ It was in America, therefore, that the great advances in the nineteenth century ag
21、ricultural machinery first came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude(粗糙的) plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of
22、 the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1890 Charles Newbolt of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The fanners, however, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made the weeds
23、 grow. Nevertheless, many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.5 The word “here“ (Line 4) refers to_.（A）Europe（B） America（C） New Jersey（D）Indiana5 A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the c
24、hemical control of insects is available. Some are already in use and have achieved brilliant success. Others are in the stage of laboratory testing. Still others are little more than ideas in the minds of scientists, waiting for the opportunity to put them to the test. All have this in common: they
25、are biological solutions, based on understanding of the living organisms they seek to control, and of the whole structure of life to which these organisms belong. Specialists representing various areas of the vast field of biology are contributing, all pouring their knowledge and their creative insp
26、irations into the formation of a new science of biological control. A century ago with the first attempts to introduce natural enemies of insects that were proving troublesome to farmers, the efforts sometimes moved slowly or not at all, but now and again gathered speed and momentum under the impetu
27、s of an outstanding success. Some of the most fascinating of the new methods are those that seek to turn the strength of a species against itselfto use the drive of an insects life forces to destroy it. The most spectacular of these approaches is the “male sterilization“ technique developed by the c
28、hief of the U. S. Department of Agricultures Entomology Research Branch, Dr. Knipling and his associates.About a quarter of a century ago Dr. Knipling startled his colleagues by proposing a unique method of insect control. If it were possible to sterilize (使绝育) and release large numbers of insects,
29、he theorized, the sterilized males would, under certain conditions, compete with the normal wild males so successfully that, after repeated releases, only infertile (不生育的) eggs would be produced and the population would die out.6 “Alternatives to the chemical control“ (Line 1) means_.（A）other kinds
30、of chemical control of insects（B） altered methods of the chemical control of insects（C） ways other than the chemical to control insects（D）choices of chemicals to control insects专升本英语（阅读）模拟试卷 54 答案与解析一、Part III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is fol
31、lowed by a number of comprehension questions. Read the passages and choose the best answer to each question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.【知识模块】 阅读理解1 【正确答案】 C【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解2 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解3 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解4 【正确答案】 A【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解5 【正确答案】 B【知识模块】 阅读理解【知识模块】 阅读理解6 【正确答案】 C【知识模块】 阅读理解
