1、Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.,动词不定式的用法 动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,to是动词不定式符号,有时可以省略。动词不定式在句中可以充当各种成分。 1.作主语:To do+谓语动词+其他。 动词不定式作主语时,to do也可放在句子后面,主语的位置上用it作形式主语。例如: To help others is a great thing.帮助别人是一件伟大的事情。 It is easy to say things.说事情容易。 2.作宾语:主语+谓语动词+to do。 有时也用形式宾语it,动词不定式放在后面。例如: He
2、 decided to be an animal doctor.他决定要当一名兽医。 I think it good to volunteer.我认为做志愿者很好。,3.作宾语补足语:主语+谓语动词+宾语+to do。例如: You can help me ( to ) clean the house.你可以帮我打扫屋子。 4.作定语:放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。例如: Would you like something to drink?你要喝点什么吗? 5.作状语:主语+谓语动词+( 宾语 )+( 状语 )+to do。例如: The girl could visit the sick ki
3、ds in the hospital to cheer them up.那个女孩可以去医院看望生病的小孩,让他们高兴起来。 6.作表语:主语+连系动词+to do。例如: My dream is to be a scientist or an artist.我的梦想是当一名科学家或艺术家。,动词短语的构成 1.动词+介词: 此类动词短语后接宾语。例如: look after“照看,照顾”,care for“照顾,非常喜欢”,wait for“等待”,look for“寻找”,look at“看”,listen to“听”,hear from“收到的来信”,take after“( 外貌或行为
4、)像” 2.动词+副词: 此类动词短语可以接宾语,也可以不接宾语。当宾语是代词时,必须放于副词的前面,即“动词+宾语+副词”;当宾语是名词时,可以放在副词的前面或后面。例如: give up“放弃”,hand out“分发”,put up“举起;张贴”,call up“打电话给,征召”,find out“发现,弄明白”,cheer up“使变得高兴” 3.动词+副词+介词: 此类动词短语后接宾语。例如: come up with“想出”,get out of“离开,从出来”,run out of“用完,耗尽”,4.动词+名词+介词: 此类动词短语后接宾语。例如: take part in“参加
5、”,take care of“小心照顾”,make use of“利用” 5.动词+名词: 此类动词短语不接宾语。例如: take place“发生”,.单项填空 ( B )1.My host family always try their best me feel at home. A.making B.to make C.make D.makes ( C )2.Jim went to the library some science magazines yesterday. A.borrow B.borrows C.to borrow D.borrowed ( C )3.Id like a house,not too large, . A.live in B.to live C.to live in D.living in,( A )4.Parents should always tell their kids with strangers. A.not to talk B.not talking C.to not talk D.not talk ( A )5.Everyone should turn off lights when they leave the room energy. A.to save B.for save C.saving D.to saving,
