1、1八年级(上) Units 13中考基础知识梳理类别 课标考点要求词汇攻关1.wonder(v.& n)_wonderful_( adj.)精彩的；绝妙的2.decide(v.)_decision_( n.)决定3.active(adj.)_activity_( n.)活动4.build(v.)_built_(过去式/过去分词)建筑；建造_building_( n.)建筑物；房子5.full(adj.)_hungry_(反义词)饥饿的_empty_(反义词)空的6.die(v.)_dying_(现在分词)垂死的_death_( n.)死亡7.quiet(adj.)_quietly_( adv.
2、)轻声地；轻柔地；安静地_noisy_(反义词)嘈杂的pete(v.)_competition_( n.)比赛；竞赛；竞争_competitor_( n.)竞争者；参赛者9.care(v.)_ca reful_(adj.)小心的；细致的；精心的；慎重的_carefully_( adv.)细致地；小心地；谨慎地_careless_( adj.的反义词)粗心的；不小心的10.little(adj.)_less_(比较级)较少的；更少的_least_(最高级)最小的；最少的11.win(v.)_winner_( n.)获胜者；优胜者12.say(v.)_saying_( n.)谚语；格言；警句_sa
3、id_(过去式)说；讲_says_(单三)13.few(adj.)_fewer_(比较级)较少的_fewest_(最高级)最少的14.my(pron.)_myself_(反身代词)我自己15.your(pron.)_yourself_(反身代词)你自己16.hungry(adj.)_hunger_( n.)饥饿17.enjoy(v.)_enjoyable_( adj.)有乐趣的；令人愉快的18.like(v.)_dislike_( v.)不喜爱；厌恶19.one(num.)_once_( adv.)一次；曾经20.two(num.)_twice_( adv.)两次；两倍21.health(n.
4、)_healthy_( adj.)健康的22.bore(v.)_boring_( adj.)没趣的；令人厌倦的_bored_( adj.)厌倦的；烦闷的23.talent(n.)_talented_( adj.)有才能的；有才干的24.clear(adj.)_clearly_( adv.)清楚地；清晰地；明白地2短语归纳1.相当多；不少_quite_a_few_2.给的感觉；感受到_feel_like_3.当然；自然_of_course_4.因为_because_of_5.几乎从不_hardly_ever_6.摇摆舞_swing_dance_7.至少；不少于；起码_at_least_8.垃圾食
5、品_junk_food_9.例如；像这样_such_as_10.多于_more_than_11.少于_less_than_12.关心；在意_care_about_13.只要；既然_as_long_as_14.与不同；与有差异_be_different_from_15.使显现；使表现出_bring_out_16.和 相同；与一致_the_same_as_17.确切地说；事实上；实际上_in_fact_18.与相像的、类似的_be_similar_to_19.小学_primary_school_20.去度假_go_on_vacation_21.写日记_keep_a_diary_22.一周一次 _o
6、nce_a_week_23.熬夜 _stay_up_late_24.上网_go_online_25.玩得高兴 _have_fun_3句型再现( 含情景交际) 1.你买了什么特别的东西吗？Did you buy _anything_special_？2.天气晴朗并且炎热，所以我们决定去宾馆附近的沙滩。It was sunny and hot，so we _decided_to_go_ to the beach near our hotel.3.我和我姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。My sister and I _tried_paragliding_.4.一天的差异是多么大呀！_What_a_differ
7、ence_ a day makes！5.“周末你通常做什么？”“我经常去看电影。”_What_do_you_usually_do_ on weekends？I often _go_to_the_movies_.6.对我们提出的有关看电视的问题的回答也颇有意思。_The_answers_to_our_questions_ about watching television were also interesting.7.(谈论做某事的频率)“你多久上一次钢琴课？”“每周两次，星期三和星期五。”_How_often_ do you have piano lessons？_Twice_a_week_
8、，on Wednesday and Friday.8.你每天晚上睡几个小时？_How_many_hours_do_you_sleep_ every night？9.虽然许多学生喜欢观看体育节目，但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。Although many students like to watch sports，game shows _are_the_most_popular_.10.(人物对比)我比我姐姐更外向。Im _more_outgoing_than_ my sister.11.(人物对比)塔拉和蒂娜一样努力学习。Tara works _as_hard_as_ Tina.12.好朋友逗我哈
9、哈大笑。A good friend _makes_me_laugh_.13.通过上网或看竞技类节目来放松也不错，但我们认为最好的放松方式是通过运动。It is good _to_relax_ by _using_ the Internet or _watching_game_shows_，but we think _the_best_way_to_relax_is through exercise.14.没有必要一样。Its not _necessary_to_be_the_same_.语法1.不定代词(详见第二编P99)2.动词过去式的规则变化和不规则变化3.how often引导的特殊疑问
10、句(详见第二编P135)4.频度副词(详见第一编P23)5.形容词和副词的比较等级(详见第二编P114)话题Unit 1 Holidays and vacations(假期)Unit 2 Free time activities(闲暇活动)Unit 3 Personal traits(个人特征)贵阳中考重难点突破复合不定代词的用法 (教材八上P2，P3)【满分点拨】one body thingsome someone(某人) somebody(某人) something(某事，某物)any anyone(任何人) anybody(任何人) anything(任何事)every everyone
11、(每个人) everybody(每个人) everything(每件事)no no one(没有人) nobody(没有人) nothing(什么都没有)4【温馨提示】(1)由some和any构成的复合不定代词，其用法与some和any的用法基本相同。(2)复合不定代词常作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语。作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。如：Nobody knows his name.没人知道他的名字。(3)当形容词或else修饰复合不定代词时，形容词或else必须后置。如：Is there anything else I can do for you？我还可以为您做些什么？everyone，a
12、nything，nothing，something，anyone，everything1There isnt _anything_new in todays newspaper.2(2018桂平二模)What else do you want?_Nothing_else.I think Ive got everything ready.3(贵州红色文化题)Did you go to visit the Site of the Zunyi Meeting(遵义会议会址) with _anyone_？4_Everything_in the room looks very tidy and clea
13、n.5We can learn _something_about Chinese culture by visiting museums.6(2019预测)Can you cook eggs with tomatoes?Yes，sure._Everyone_can do it，because it is easy.seem的用法 (教材八上P3)【满分点拨】词汇及词义 常见搭配seem(to be) adj.似乎是；好像seemto do sth.好像做某事seem(v.)好像；似乎；看来 It seemsthat从句看起来好像；似乎The concert is so boring that
14、some listeners seemed to be sleepy.这个音乐会太无聊了，以至于有些听众看上去都有些困了。It seems that Class 1 will win this game.看上去似乎一班将要赢得这次的比赛。( C )1.(2019预测)You look a little tired.It _ that you havent got enough sleep.Alooks Bsmells Cseems( B )2.(新信息题)Fan Chengcheng seems _ popular with people because of the TV program I
15、dol Producer(偶像练习生)Abe Bto be Cbeingdecide的用法 (教材八上P5)【满分点拨】(1)decide是动词，意为“决定；选定”。其名词形式为decision。(2)其常用搭配：decide to do sth.make a decision/make decisions to do sth.make up ones mind to do sth.决定做某事；decide not to do sth.决定不做某事；decide on选定；决定。1Its hard for me to make a _decision_(decide) about the pl
16、ace I will travel.5( A )2.(2018白银中考改编)My two cousins decide _ a business together.Ato start Bstarting Cstart常见频度副词的用法(教材八上P9)【满分点拨】always/usually/often/sometimes/hardly/never为频度副词，用于表达句子中动作发生的频率。在句中的位置一般在行为动词之前，情态动词、助动词和系动词之后。其频率大小如图所示：(1)always意为“总是；永远”。语气最强，指在一切时候，没有例外。表示动作或状态中间没有间断，其频率为100%。如：The
17、 sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。(2)usually意为“通常；习惯于”，即很少有例外。指习惯性动作，频率为90%，偶尔有间隔。如：He usually goes to bed at ten oclock.他通常10点钟上床睡觉。(3)often意为“往往；经常”，频率为60%，侧重动作发生的次数具有经常性，具体时间意味不强。如：He is often late for school.他上学经常迟到。(4)sometimes意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生，频率为40%，可以位于句首，以示强调。如：Somet
18、imes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way.他有时这样做，有时那样做。(5)hardly意为“几乎不”，频率为5%，常和ever连用表示强调。如：I hardly ever go out these days.这些天我几乎不出门。(6)never意为“从不”， 其频率为零。如：My parents are never late for work.我父母上班从来不迟到。( A )1.Would you like some coffee?No，thanks.I _ drink coffee.Ahardly Boften Ca
19、lways( B )2.Joan has made great progress in speaking English.She _ works hard at it，you know.Anever Balways Chardly( C )3.(2019预测)Hi，Jenny！You came first again.Did you always come to school earl y?Not really._I was late for school.AOften BNever CSometimes( A )4.(2018贵阳适应性考试)Its_ too old to learn.Jud
20、y started to learn English when she was 55 and she can write English poems now.Anever Balways Csometimes辨析both与all (教材八上P17)【满分点拨】6(1)both表示“两者都”，其反义词为neither，表示“两者都不”。如：My parents both like Beijing Opera.我的父母都喜欢京剧。(2)all表示“三者或三者以上都”，其反义词为none。如：Bill is the tallest of all the boys.比尔是所有男孩中最高的。【归纳拓展】
21、bothand，eitheror与neithernor的用法区别词组 用法bothand意为“和都；既又”，通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分；连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：Both John and David are from America.约翰和大卫都来自美国。eitheror表示“两者中的任何一个”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词遵循就近原则。如：Either you or I am right.要么是你对了，要么是我对了。neithernor表示“两者都不”，当连接两个并列的成分作句子主语时，谓语动词也遵循就近原则。如：Neither Ann nor Jen
22、ny likes the movie.安和珍妮都不喜欢这部电影。both，all1There are three foreigners in our class._All_ of them are Americans.2There are many stores on _both_ sides of the street.( C )3.(文化信息题)The Sun Yatsen Mausoleum(中山陵) is not far from Xuanwu Lake(玄武湖)You can visit _ in a day.Aeach Bneither Cboth( B )4.Alice，how
23、do your parents like pop music?_my dad_my mom likes it.But they both prefer Beijing Opera.AEither；or BNeither；norCBoth；and辨析although，though与but (教材八上P13，P18)【满分点拨】单词 词性 含义 用法although/though从属连词虽然；尽管；即使常用来引导让步状语从句，从句放在主句前后均可。although比though更正式，两者都不能与but连用，但可以与yet，still连用though可构成短语：as though好像，仿佛；eve
24、n though(even if)即使but 并列连词 但是 表示转折。连接两个分句时不能与although/though连用( B )1. (2018青岛中考改编)It is raining heavily，_none of the students are late for school.Aalthough Bbut Cso72(初高衔接题)Many people still try to climb Qomolangma every year because it is very dangerous.(句子改错)_although/though_How did you like it？你
25、觉得它怎么样？(教材八上P3)【满分点拨】句型“How do you like？”意为“你认为怎么样？”常用来询问对方对于某人或某事的看法，相当于“ What do you think of？”或“How do you feel about？”回答时要说出自己对某人或某事的具体看法或意见。如：How do you like your new job？How do you feel about your new job？What do you think of your new job？你觉得你的新工作怎么样？1(新信息题)你认为电影一出好戏怎么样？What do you _think_ _of
26、_ the film The Island?2(初高衔接题)How do you think the program Come Sing with Me？(句子改错)_like_( B )3.(2018铜仁中考改编)How do you _ the yellow cat?Its very cute.Athink Blike Cthink ofMy legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.我的腿很酸，我想停下来。 (教材八上P8)【满分点拨】sothat意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。句中的so是副词，常用来修饰形容词或副词。辨析sothat与su
27、chthat句型：so adj./adv.so adj.a/an可数名词单数sucha/an adj.可数名词单数such adj.可数名词复数/不可数名词somany/much可数名词复数/不可数名词that从句He runs so fast that nobody can catch up with him.他跑得非常快，以至于没人能追上他。Tom is so helpful a boy that we all like him.汤姆是个如此乐于助人的男孩以至于我们大家都喜欢他。【归纳拓展】so that意为“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句。可与in order that或(in orde
28、r) to do替换。如：He saved up his money so that he could go abroad for his summer holiday.He saved up his money in order to go abroad for his summer holiday.他把钱积蓄起来，以便暑假能出国。【温馨提示】(1)当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是肯定句时，可用“enough to do sth.”来转换。如：He was so clever that he could understand what I said.He was clever eno
29、ugh to understand what I said.他很聪明，能理解我说的话。(2)当主句和从句的主语一致，且that从句是否定句时，可用tooto来替换。如：He is so young that he cant go to school.He is too young to go to school.他年纪太小，不能去上学。8( A )1.(热点题)Nie Yuan acted _ well in the TV series Story of Yanxi Palace(延禧攻略)_ many people became his fans.Aso；that Btoo；to Csuch
30、；that( B )2.(新信息题)Fan Zhendong is _ an excellent pingpong player _ he got a gold medal in the 2018 Jakarta Asian Games.Atoo；to Bsuch；that Cso；thatIt is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows通过使用互联网或者看游戏类节目来放松挺不错(教材八上P13)【满分点拨】句型“It is adj.(for/of sb.)to do sth.”中，it作形式主语，而真正的主语是后
31、面的动词不定式短语。动词不定式有逻辑主语时，常由“for/ofsb.”构成。句型 形容词用法It is adj.for sb.to do sth.形容词描述事物的特征、性质，如easy，useful，difficult，interesting，dangerous，important等It is adj.of sb.to do sth.形容词描述行为者的性格、品质，如kind，nice，polite，clever，friendly，careless等( A )1.Its kind _ you _ help me with my English.Aof；to Bfor；to Cof；for2Its
32、 easy for local people _to_choose_(choose) various goods in Sunnyside Shopping Mall.Tara works as hard as Tina.塔拉和蒂娜学习一样努力。(教材八上P18)【满分点拨】(1)asas意为“和一样”，中间加形容词或副词的原级，用来进行同级比较，表示两者在某一方面相同。(2)其否定形式为：not as/soas，表示“一方在某一方面不如另一方”。如：This story is not as interesting as that one.This story is not so intere
33、sting as that one.这个故事不如那个故事有趣。( A )1.(2018湘西中考)Alice does her home work as _ as Peter.Acarefully Bmore careful Ccareful( B )2.(新信息题)Did Cai Xukun get the first place in the TV show Idol Producer(偶像练习生)?Yes，no one did so _ as him.Agood Bwell Cbetter( B )3.(2018东营中考改编)What a mess！The sharing bikes ar
34、e thrown everywhere.Lets collect and put them in the right place_they can be used conveniently.A unless Bso that Cbecause随堂知识巩固一、单项选择。( C )1.(2018成都中考)A smile costs_，but gives much，so always keep smiling！【考点】9Asomething Banything Cnothing( C )2.(人文信息题)_ is the Table Tennis World Cup(乒乓球世界杯) held?Onc
35、e a year.AHow many BHow long CHow often( B )3.(2018百色中考改编)Tom，why have you decided _ Chinese folk music as a course?Because I like Chinese culture very much.【考点】Atake Bt o take Ctaking( C )4.(2018海南中考)_ the girl is only six years old，she knows more than 300 ancient Chinese poems.【考点】AIf BUnless CAlt
36、hough( B )5.(2017黔南中考改编)Amanda read the article _，and found something important in it.Aenough carefulBcarefully enoughCenough carefully( A )6.(热点人物题)I think Cai Xukun is _ than Chen Linong.Amore popularBpopularCmuch popular( B )7.(2018贵阳六模)Toms parents are teachers._ of them teach English at Red Sta
37、r School.【考点】ANeither BBoth CEither( A )8.(2018海南中考)Uncle Liang _ eats out because his wife always makes delicious food for him.【考点】Aseldom Bsometimes Coften二、根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。(对应P21“词汇攻关”)1Please keep down your voice.I cant hear my teacher _clearly_(clear)2My father goes to swim in a gym _twice_
38、(two) a week.3Doing exercise is _healthy_(health) for the mind and the body.高频话题写作指导业余生活话题解读“业余生活”属于中学英语课程标准中第4个话题日常活动(Daily routines)。主要是谈论学生业余活动以及做这些活动的频率和时间，进而谈论生活方式和饮食习惯，倡导健康的生活习惯和生活方式。从命题角度上来看：该话题是中考常考话题之一。学生联系自己的实际情况，是会有很多写作的素材的。从作文类型上来看：属于记叙文类型。学生通过对自己或他人的业余生活， 让朋友间加深理解增进友谊，也同时让学生在写作的过程中去感悟健康
39、的生活方式。从作文内容上来看：以“业余生活”为主题的书面表达通常有三种写作形式：介绍自己的业余生活和兴趣爱好 ，描述某人在业余时间都做什么样的事情，以及做这些活动的频率(如2016贵阳中考)；请求帮助，对于某人的学习生活方式进行描述，请求别人提出建议；10提出建议，即对某人的业余生活活动提出建议。核心词汇和句型1词汇help with housework 做家务do/play sports 做运动have piano lessons 上钢琴课watch game shows 观看游戏类节目relax oneself 放松自己deal with 处理feel bad about对感到懊恼spar
40、e time 业余时间do some reading 读点书a social activity 社会活动an afterclass activity 课余活动have many benefits 有很多益处take up 占用(时间等)do what we want to do 做我们想做的事情be crazy about热衷于twice a month 一个月两次hardly ever 几乎不2句型Reading makes a full man.读书使人充实。Here is the result.这就是结果。We can learn things that we cant learn fr
41、om books.我们可以学到书本上获取不到的知识。I made a survey on what junior middle school students do in their spare time.我就初中生在业余生活中都做了什么进行了调查。I spend time with my family every day.我每天都要与家人一起相处一段时间。I can play computer games once a week.我一星期可以玩一次电脑游戏。The best way to relax is to read.最好的放松方式就是阅读。典例剖析目前中学生学习任务重，压力大。而丰富多
42、彩的业余生活，有利于开阔视野，调节身心，提高学习效率。请以“My Spare Time”为题写一篇英语短文，谈谈你的业余生活。一、写作要点提示可以谈看书、看电视、玩电脑、做运动、参加社会活动等。你喜欢做什么？你是如何合理安排的呢？说说你的想法和理由。二、参考词汇烹饪cook；暑假summer vacation；自愿做volunteer三、写作要求短文应紧扣要点，但不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥，以使短文衔接、连贯，词数控制在80100。【审题指导】这是一篇介绍业余生活的作文。写作时必须包含要求中提到的内容，可适当发挥。全文在写作时以一般现在时为主，以第一人称的口吻进行叙述。11【写作导图】My Sp
43、are TimeIntroduce the topicMy spare time is colorful.Spare timeactivitiesPlay sports，dosome readingFeelingEnjoy myself【参考范文】My Spare TimeMy spare time is colorful.After school，I usually play sports.I like basketball and football very much.I often do some reading in the evening.And I think reading bo
44、oks is the best way to relax myself.Sometimes I watch TV or surf the Internet.I often help my parents with the housework like cleaning and cooking.During the summer or winter vacation，I have enough time to do things like volunteering.I help those people who are in need.Its a good experience for me.I
45、 enjoy myself in my spare time.【名师点评】本文的亮点有：1.do some reading，relax myself等短语的灵活运用，体现了作者丰富的语言积累和 扎实的基本功；2.整篇作文内容完整，语言流畅。自我测评我们对大量的中学生进行了“你重视课外阅读吗？”的调查研究。研究显示许多中学生不重视课外阅读。请你根据下列要点，对这一现状进行分析研究。撰写一份调查报告。要点：1.不重视校外阅读的原因；2.校外阅读的好处；3.对学校和同学的建议；4.80词左右，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。Recently，we have done a survey about th
46、e topic “Do you like reading after class？”_At_present_only_a_few_students_do_some_reading_after_class.Here_are_several_reasons.First，a_lot_of_students_are_busy_with_homework.Besides，others_havent_developed_a_habit_of_reading.They_like_spending_their_spare_time_on_TV_or_on_the_Internet.However，readin
47、g_has_many_advantages.We_can_get_more_knowledge_through_reading.Also，it_can_not_only_help_open_our_eyes_but_also_make_us_think_better.Last_but_not_least，reading_can_make_our_lives_colorful.Here_are_my_suggestions.For_one_thing，teachers_should_give_us_less_homework_so_that_we_can_have_more_time_to_read.For_another，it
