1、1八年级(上) Units 46中考基础知识梳理类别 课标考点要求词汇攻关1.choose(v.)_choice_( n.)选择_chose_(过去式)_chosen_(过去分词)选择；挑选2comfortable( adj.)_comfortably_( adv.)舒服地；舒适地_uncomfortable_(反义词)不舒服的3create( v.)_creative_( adj.)有创造力的；创造性的_creativity_( n.)创造力；创造性_creation_( n.)创造4perform( v.)_performer_( n.)表演者；演员_performance_( n.)表演
2、5magic( adj.)_magician_( n.)魔术师6beautiful( adj.)_beautifully_( adv.)美好地；漂亮地_ugly_(反义词)丑陋的_bea uty_(n.)美；美丽的人或事物7poor( adj.)_rich_(反义词)富有的8educate( v.)_education_( n.)教育_educational_( adj.)教育的；有教育意义的9discuss( v.)_discu ssion_(n.)讨论；商量10success( n.)_successful_( adj.)获得成功的；有成就的_successfully_( adv.)成功地
3、_succeed_( v.)成功11simple( adj.)_simply_( adv.)简单地；仅仅12able( adj.)_ability_( n.)能力_disabled_( adj.)丧失能力的13begin( v.)_start_(同义词)开始；着手_end_(反义词)结束_beginning_( n.)开头；开篇_ending_( n.的反义词)结束14.appear(v.)_disappear_(反义词)消失_appearance_( n.)出现；外貌15bad( adj.)/badly(adv.)_worse_(比较级)更差(的)；更坏(的)；更糟的_worst_(最高级)
4、最差(的)；最坏(的)；最糟(的)16cheap( adj.)_expensive/dear_(反义词)昂贵的_cheaply_( adv.)便宜地；低廉地17culture( n.)_cultural_( adj.)与文化有关的；文化的18serve( v.)_service_( n.)接待；服务19crowd( n.)_crowded_( adj.)人多的；拥挤的；挤满的20become( v.)_became_(过去式)_become_(过去分词)开始变得；变成21luck( n.)_lucky_( adj.)幸运的_unlucky_( adj.的反义词)不幸的；不吉利的_unlucki
5、ly_( adv.)不幸地22mean( v.)_meaning_( n.)意义；意思_meaningful_( adj.)有意义的_meaningless_( adj.的反义词)毫无意义的；意思不明确的23cook( v.)_cook_( n.)厨师_cooker_( n.)厨具24piano( n.)_pianist_( n.)钢琴家225science( n.)_scientist_( n.)科学家26person( n.)_personal_( adj.)个人的；私人的27improve( v.)_improvement_( n.)改善；提高28they( pron.)_themsel
6、ves_( pron.)他们自己短语归纳1.到目前为止；迄今为止_so_far_2有相同特征；(想法、兴趣等方面)相同_havein_common_3是的职责；由决定_be_up_to_4发挥作用；有影响_play_a_role_5例如_for_example_6认真对待_takeseriously_7查明；弄清_find_out_8装扮；乔装打扮_dress_up_9代替；替换_take_sb.s_place_10干得好_do_a_good_job_11长大；成熟；成长_grow_up_12确信；对有把握_be_sure_about_13在开始_at_the_beginning_of_14关
7、于；与有关系_have_to_do_with_15(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做_take_up_16同意；赞成_agree_with_17编造(故事、谎言等)_make_up_18.确保；查明_make_sure_19准备好(做某事)；愿意(做某事)_be_ready_to(do_sth.)_20能够做某事_be_able_to(do_sth.)_21写下；记录下_write_down_22动作影片_action_movie_23认为_think_of_24计算机程序设计员；编程人员_computer_programmer_25成为足球队的一员_make_the_soccer_team_26各
8、种类型的；各种各样的_all_kinds_of_27实现_come_true_28向学习_learnfrom_29出版_come_out_30在20世纪30年代_in_the_1930s_31尽某人最大的努力_try_ones_best_32不同种类的_different_kinds_of_33许诺 _make_promises_3句型再现( 含情景交际) 1.哪家电影院最好？_Whats_the_best_ movie theater？2.达人表演变得越来越受欢迎。Talent shows are _getting_more_and_more_popular_.3.那由你自己来决定。That
9、s _up_to_you_to_decide_.4.人们看这样的节目时，通常承担着评判优胜者的角色。When people watch the show，they usually _play_a_role_in_deciding_ the winner.5.然而，并不是每个人都喜欢看这些表演。However，_not_everybody_ enjoys watching these shows.6.(询问对方的看法)“你认为访谈节目怎么样？”“很好，我不介意。”_What_do_you_think_of_ talk shows？Theyre OK._I_dont_mind_ them.7.因为
10、我希望能弄清楚世界各地正在发生什么事情。Because I _hope_to_find_out_ whats going on around the world.8.在20世纪30年代，他用米老鼠制作了87部卡通片。_In_the_1930s_，he made 87 cartoons with Mickey.9.然而，他总是准备好去尽其所能。However，he was _always_ready_to_try_his_best_.10.(谈论未来打算)“你将如何实现它？”“我打算学习计算机科学”。_How_are_you_going_to_ do that？Im _going_to_stud
11、y_ computer science.11.有时这些决定可能会太难而无法实现。Sometimes the resolutions may be _too_difficult_to_keep.12.到目 前为止，你认为它怎么样？ _How_do_you_like_it_ so far？13.谢谢你告诉我。 _Thanks_for_ telling me.14.观看其他人展示他们的才艺总是很有趣的。Its always interesting to _watch_other_people_show_ their talents.15.我们都知道并且喜欢那只长着两只大圆耳朵的黑色老鼠米老鼠。We
12、all know and love the black mouse _with_two_large_round_ears_Mickey Mouse.16.其中一个重要的理由是米老鼠就像一个普通人，但是他总是尽力面对任何危险。 _One_of_ the main reason is _that_Mickey_was_like_a_common_man_，but he always tried to face any danger.17.现在的动画片通常不像米老鼠那样简单，但是大家依然知道并且喜欢米老鼠。Todays cartoons are usually _not_so_simple_as_
13、little Mickey Mouse，but everyone still knows and loves him.4语法1.形容词、副词最高级的构成和基本用法(详见第二编P115)2.动词不定式作宾语(详见第二编P123)3.一般将来时(be going to)的用法(详见第二编P128)话题Unit 4 Your town(你的城镇)Unit 5 Entertainment(娱乐)Unit 6 Life goals(生活目标)素材包计划与愿望：1.Everyone has his dream and I have my own dream，too.2.Life is full of ch
14、allenges and opportunities.3.Life goal is just like a lamp which always guides you in darkness.4.It is important to have a dream，because its the power of our life and study.说明自己的梦想和未来职业：1.I hope to be a writer when I grow up.2.I am going to be a pilot in ten years.3.As a fifteenyearold boy，my dream
15、is to be a good teacher.4.I dream to be a nurse or a doctor in the future.为实现梦想采取的行动：1.To make my dream come true，I will study harder at school.2.From now on，I will study harder and harder.3.In order to realize my dream，I will try my best from now on.4.Its necessary for us to work harder to achieve
16、our goals.5.As long as I try my best，I am sure Ill achieve my dream.贵阳中考重难点突破mind的用法(教材八上P33)【满分点拨】(1)mind作动词时意为“介意；对(某事)烦恼”，后接名词、代词或动名词。常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。如：I hope you dont mind the noise.我希望你不介意这声音。(2)常用句型：Would/Do you mind sb./sb.s doing sth./if从句？意为“你介意吗？”表示礼貌地请求别人做某事。常用答语：表示介意：Im sorry/Youd better
17、 not.；表示不介意：No，not at all./Of course not./Certainly not.。如：Would you mind me/my smoking here？/Do you mind if I smoke here？你介意我在这儿抽烟吗？Youd better not.你最好不要。【温馨提示】mind(sb./sb.s) doing sth.为mind动名词的复合结构，当sb.为代词时，要用宾格形式，sb.s可改为相应的形容词性物主代词。1Would you mind _giving_(give) me a hand？The box is too heavy for
18、 me to carry.( B )2.Would you mind working in the countryside?_.I will be glad to work there.AIm afraid so BOf course not5CI dont think so辨析find，look for与find out(教材八上P34)【满分点拨】词汇及短语 用法find “找到；发现”，强调找的结果，是非延续性动词look for “寻找”，强调找的动作，是延续性动词find out“查明；弄清”，指经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事或某物查出来、搞清楚，多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况(
19、B )1.(新信息题)He always tries his best to _ the truth of each case in Whos the Murderer(明星大侦探)Alook for Bfind out Cfind( C )2.I lost my keys.Im _ them.Afinding Bfinding out Clooking for( A )3.(2019预测)Mary is very sad because she cant _ her cat.Afind Bfound Clook forhappen的用法(教材八上P34)【满分点拨】(1)happen作动词，
20、意为“发生”。其常见用法有：happensth.happen(s)地点/时间“某地/某时发生某事”sth.happen(s) tosb.“某人发生某事”sb.happen(s) to do sth.“某人碰巧做某事”(2)辨析happen与take place相同点 两者都没有被动语态happen指偶然发生，具有不可预测性，主语一般是物。常见用法：sth.happen(s) to sb.“某人发生某事”不同点take place指事先计划好或预先布置而发生，指某个确定事件take place，happen1(文化信息题)The May 4th Movement(五四运动) _took_plac
21、e_ in China on May 4th，1919.2Yesterday I _happened_ to meet Alice on my way to school.( C )3.(新信息题)The 2020 Olympic Games will _ in Tokyo.Atake after Btake off Ctake placefamous的用法(教材八上P37)【满分点拨】famous为形容词，意为“著名的；出名的”，相当于wellknown，其常用短语及具体用法如下：短语 含义 例句be famous 以(因)而出名 Austria is famous for its 6for
22、原因(特点、特长等) music.奥地利以音乐而闻名。be famous as身份、职业、地位等 作为而出名Lu Xun is famous as a great writer.鲁迅是位著名的大作家。be famous to人 为所熟知Confucius is famous to Chinese people.孔子为中国人所熟知。用适当的介词填空。1Guilin is famous _for_ its green hills and clear water.2Yao Ming is famous _to_ most young people.3Thomas Edison is famous _
23、as_ a great inventor.4As is kno wn _to_ all，Taiwan belongs to China.promise的用法(教材八上P45)【满分点拨】单词 词性及词义 用法promise to do sth.许诺去做某事promise sb.sth.许诺某人某事v.许诺；承诺promisethat从句 答应make a promise许下诺言keep the promise信守承诺promisen承诺；诺言break the promise违背诺言( B )1.(2019预测)How will you spend your summer vacation?M
24、y mother _ to take me to Mount Huang three days ago.Aasked Bpromised Canswered( C )2.(2018河南中考改编)Its useless to regret what has been done.Dont make those mistakes again.I wont.Thats a(n) _.Aorder Bdecision Cpromise3He promises _to_finish_(finish) the work on time.take up的用法(教材八上P45)【满分点拨】(1)take up意
25、为“(尤指为消遣)学着做；开始做”。如：When did you take up music？你什么时候开始学音乐？(2)take up还可以意为“占用”。如：This chair takes up too much room.这张椅子占地方太多。【归纳拓展】take的常见短语：7( B ) (2018河池模拟改编)What are you going to do during the summer vacation?I am going to _ a new hobby like swimming or dancing.Atake off Btake up Ctake after辨析hope
26、，wish，expect与look forward to(教材八上P34)【满分点拨】词汇 含义 用 法 搭配和句型hope 希望，期望表示主观上认为能实现的愿望，并对其实现抱有信心hope to do sth.hopethat从句wish 希望，祝愿表示某种未实现或不能实现的愿望，还可以表示对他人的祝福wish (sb.) to do sth. wish sb.sth. wishthat从句(虚拟语气)expect 期待，预料 侧重于相信或认为有可能实现的愿望expect (sb.) to do sth. be expected to do sth. It is expectedthat从句
27、LookForwardto盼望，期待表示主观上期望或向往某事，常怀有高兴、愉悦的心情look forward to sth. look forward to doing sth.We hope to arrive around two oclock.我们希望能在两点钟左右到达。I wish that I could fly like a bird.我希望能像小鸟一样飞翔。I expect her to give me a hand.我期望她帮我个忙。Im always looking forward to hearing from you.我一直期待收到你的来信。( A )1.He _ his
28、 father to find a good job in the city.Awishes Bhopes Cexpect( B )2.(贵阳背景特色题)Im looking forward to _ Qianling Village(黔灵山) with my parents.Avisit Bvisiting Cvisits3祝你旅途愉快！_Wish_ you a pleasant journey!4青少年希望他们的父母能像朋友一样理解他们。Teenagers _hope/expect_ that their parents can understand them like their fri
29、ends.5我没有期望他会来参加我的生日派对。I didnt _expect_ that he would come to my birthday party.We all know and love the black mouse with two large round earsMickey Mouse.我们都知道并且喜欢那只长着两只大圆耳朵的黑色老鼠米老鼠。(教材八上P37)【满分点拨】(1)with two large round ears 为介词短语，充当后置定语，修饰the black mouse。with 意为“具有；带有”。如：Do you know the boy with
30、brown curly hair？你认识那个棕色卷发的男孩吗？(2)当多个形容词同时修饰名词时，顺序为： 限定词 数量词一般描绘性形容词大小长幼/新旧颜色国籍/出处材料用途类别被修饰的名词。如：This is, my,限定词 big,大小 old,新旧 house,., 8这就是我大的老房子。1I want to buy a house _with_a_garden_(带花园的)( A )2.Lisa is afraid of the dark.So she often sleeps _ the light on.A with Bby Cfor随堂知识巩固一、单项选择。( C )1.(2018
31、北部湾中考改编)My uncle works in a hospital.He is a/an _.Asinger Bfarmer Cdoctor( B )2.(2018百色模拟)Scientists are trying their best to find better ways to _ our environment.Achange Bimprove Ccut( C )3.(热点题)Wang Zeshan，one of _ scientists in the world，received the Highest Science and Technology Awards(国家最高科学技
32、术奖) on January 8th，2018.【考点】Afamous Bmore famousCthe most famous( A )4.It is so hot today.Jill plans _ swimming after school.Ato go Bgoing Cgo( A )5.I am leaving for Shanghai.Please help me to _ when the train arrives.【考点】Afind out Bthink aboutCput off( B )6.(贵阳中考)I like places where the weather is
33、always warm.I hope _ Hawaii this winter.【考点】Avisiting Bto visit Cvisited( B )7.(2017凉山州中考改编)There _ a party tomorrow evening.Would you like to go with me?Id love to.Ais Bis going to be Cis going to have( A )8.(2017连云港中考改编)Im thirsty.Id like a glass of orange juice.What about you，Dad?I prefer a cup o
34、f coffee _ nothing in it.【考点】Awith Bwithout Cfor二、根据语境或句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。(对应P28“词汇攻关”)1The 2018 World Cup was held _successfully_(success) in Russia.2(2018贵阳90题)The true _meaning_(mean) of Christmas is sharing and giving love to people around us.3(2018贵阳适应性考试90题)The lifelong learners have the ability t
35、o teach _themselves_(they) in different situations and stages.4She is an _unlucky_(lucky) girl who lost her parents at a very young a ge.高频话题写作指导未来计划和决心9话题解读“未来计划和决心”属于中学英语课程标准中第 9个话题计划与愿望(Plans and intention)。从命题角度上来看：一年的结束意味着新的一年的到来，中考结束意味着 初中生活的结束。每个人的生活就是在不断地迎接新的人生阶段，为新的生活作出准备。此话题就是让学生围绕将来的打算和目标
36、去计划未来生活，表述自己的 愿望。这种文章激发学生对未来的美好愿望，激励学生积极面对生活，有很好的教育意义。从作文类型上来看：该话题文章属于记叙文文体。学生根据自己的现实情况展开叙述，描述自己的现状引出未来目标及下定的决心将要采取的行动引发学生的情感和思想，从而使主题得以升华。从作文标题上来看：此类型可以以“My Dream”(如2014黔东南)“My New Years Resolution”“My Dream Job”“My Future High School Life”或“I want to be(如2014安顺)为题等。通常会从学习计划、校园活动计划(班级活动如2017铜仁、学校活动
37、、团队活动的计划)、假期计划(假期、节日、生日晚会、旅游、做义工等社会活动的具体计划)及人生计划(奋斗目标或理想等长远的计划以及表达某种愿望或期待)四方面进行设题。核心词汇和句型1词汇grow up 长大Peking University 北京大学be successful 成功from now on 从现在开始 in this way 用这种方式as much as possible 尽可能多地bring me more happiness 给我带来更多的快乐take part in 参加keep fit 保持健康new terms resolution 新学期计划2句型I want to
38、bewhen I grow up.当我长大了我想要成为I am going to work hard and make myself a better person.我将要努力工作，让自己成为一个更优秀的人。I am going to travel around the world to widen my horizon.我将要环游世界来开阔我的眼界。I am going to the best senior high school to study after my graduation.在毕业以后我要进入最好的高中学习。Lets make a plan for the new school
39、 year.让我们给新学年制定一个计划吧。While enjoying my winter holiday，I am also thinking about my plan of the new term.当我在享受我的寒假时，我也正思考着新学期的计划。If we want to get a good mark and enter a dream senior high school，we must do our best.如果我们想要取得好成绩并进入梦想的高中，就必须尽最大的努力。The first thing I should do is to improve my English.我首先
40、要做的就是提高我的英语。Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.世上无难事，只怕有心人。So long as I carry on it，I will succeed.只要我坚持下去，我就会成功。I believe I can do better.我相信我能做得更好。10With these different plans，I can arrange my time reasonably and improve myself better.在这些不同的计划下，我能合理地安排时间和更好地提高自己。典例剖析这学期结束后，你将怎样度过一个有意义的暑假？请以“
41、A Meaningful Summer Vacation”为题写一篇英语短文。一、写作要点提示1走亲访友，和家人一起共度美好时光；2和好朋友们一起看电影，听音乐等；3假期我们应该加强体育锻炼，增强体质；4其他的建议(至少两条)。二、参考词汇参加take part in；走亲访友visit friends and relatives；闲逛hang out；加强锻炼take more exercise三、写作要求短文应紧扣要点，但不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥，以使短文衔接、连贯，词数控制在80100。【审题指导】这是一篇叙写暑假活动的作文。写作时必须包含写作要点提示中提到的内容，可适当发挥。在写作时可
42、运用参考词汇，使文章更加丰富多彩。【写作导图】A Meaningful Summer VacationIntroduce the topicIt is necessaryto takeActivitiesvisit relatives，see a film，listen to musicWishI hope all of us can havea pleasant vacation.【参考范文】A Meaningful Summer VacationIt is necessary to take a meaningful summer vacation after this term.Ther
43、e are different kinds of activities for us to take part in.First，we can visit our friends and relatives or spend happy time with our family.Second，seeing a film，listening to music or hanging out with our friends will be also wonderful.Third，we should take more exercise to keep healthy.Whats more，we
44、had better review what we have learned in middle school.Finally，it is necessary for us to do some housework，which can help our parents a lot.In a word，I hope all of us can have a pleasant vacation.【名师点评】本文的亮点有：1.文章整体框架完整，表达流畅；2.运用了一些短语和过渡词汇，如first，second，whats more等，使文章前后连贯，脉络清晰；3.文中运用了定语从句，展现出作者扎实的
45、基本功。自我测评中学生活即将结束，我们将迎来我们的高中生活，谈谈你对高中生活的憧憬，以及对高中生活的计划。以“My Coming Senior High School Life”为题，叙述你对未来高中生活设定的计划，以及你将采取什么样的措施来实现这些计划。11要点：1.注意使用正确的时态和人称；280词左右。_My_Coming_Senior_High_School_LifeHow time flies！My junior high school life is coming to an end and I will be a student of the senior high school
46、.I have looked forward to becoming a senior high school student for years.When I enter my new school，I will make friends with my classmates and seize every chance to take part in various activities.These activities can not only help me to improve my interpersonal skills but also release my stress.Furthermore，there is no doubt that I will have more homework，but I am not afraid of it.I will try my best to finish it.As for me，the senior high school life is a new beginning，and I am really looking forward to it.
