2017_2018学年九年级数学上册第二章对称图形—圆第15讲圆的定义及垂径定理课后练习(新版)苏科版.doc

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1、 1 -第 15 讲 圆的定义及垂径定理题一: 如图,一条赛道的急转弯处是一段 AC,点 O 是这段弧所在圆的圆心, AC=10m,B 是 AC上一点, OB AC,垂足为 D, BD=1m,求这段弯路的半径题二: 如图,等腰 ABC 内接于半径为 5cm 的 O, AB AC,且 BC 是 BC 边上高的 6 倍,求 BC 的长.题三: 有一石拱桥的桥拱是圆弧形,如图所示,正常水位时下宽 AB=24m,水面到拱顶距离CD=8m,当洪水泛滥时,水面宽 MN=10m,求水 面到拱顶距离 DE题四: 如图为桥洞的形状,其正视图由 ACD和矩形 ABCD 构成的, O 点为 ACD所在 O 的圆心

2、点O 又恰好在水面 AB 处,若桥洞跨度 CD 为 8 米,拱高 EF 为 2 米( OE弦 CD 于点 F )(1)求 ACD所在 O 的半径 DO;(2)若河里行驶来一艘正视图为矩形的船,其宽 6 米,露出水面 AB 的高度为 h 米,求船能通过桥洞时的最大高度 h2第 15 讲 圆的定义及垂径定理题一: 13m详 解: OB AC, AC=10m, AD= 21AC=5m,设 OA=OB=r, BD=1m, OD=OB BD= (r1)m ,在 Rt AOD 中, AD2+OD2=OA2,5 2+(r1) 2=r2,解得: r=13(m),这段弯路的半径是 13m题二: 6 cm.详解

3、连结 AO 交 BC 于 D,连结 BO,由 AB AC 得 AB= C,由垂径定理可得 AO 垂直平分 BC, BC 是 BC 边上高的 6 倍, 设 AD xcm,则 BD 3xcm, OD (5)xcm,在 Rt BOD 中, 22(3)5)x,解得 1x, 20(舍去), BD3 cm, BC6 cm.题三 : 1m详解:设 OA=R,在 Rt AOC 中, AC=12m, CD=8m, R2=122+(R8) 2= 144+R216 R+64,解得 R=13(m),连接 OM,设 DE=x(m),在 Rt MOE 中,ME=5(m),13 2=52+(13 x)2,解得 x1=1,

4、 x2=25(不合题意,舍去) , DE=1m题四: (1)5 米,(2)4 米3详解:(1) OE弦 CD 于点 F, CD 为 8 米, EF 为 2 米, EO 垂直平分 CD, DF=4m, FO=(DO2) m,在 Rt DFO 中, DO2=FO2+DF2, DO2=(DO2) 2+42,解得: DO=5m, ACD所在 O 的半径 DO 为 5m;(2)如图所示:假设矩形的船为矩形 MQRN,船沿以中点 O 为中心通过,连接 MO, MN=6m, MY=YN=3m,在 Rt MOY 中, MO2=YO2+MY2,5 2=YO2+32,解得: YO=4m,船能通过桥洞时的最大高度为 4m

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