2018年高中历史第三单元向封建专制统治宣战的檄文第2课法国《人权宣言》智能演练新人教版选修2.doc

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2018年高中历史第三单元向封建专制统治宣战的檄文第2课法国《人权宣言》智能演练新人教版选修2.doc_第1页
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1、1第 2 课 法国人权宣言118 世纪末,科学中心由英国转移到了法国。法国当局任命一大批科学家为革命政府的重要官员,创办了一系列新的军事院校、医学院校、技工学校和一些新的大学,还对皇家科学机构如巴黎科学院进行改造,使之从宫廷走向社会,院士们成了真正的职业科学家。这表明,法国成为科学中心的主要原因是( )A社会制度的变化B法兰西第三共和国建立C工业化的实现D电磁感应现象的发现解析:选 A。本题考查学生对政治与科技之间的关系的理解能力。1789 年法国大革命爆发,材料中的革命政府是指革命后建立资产阶级性质的政府。故选 A。2(2014长春调研)1789 年 7 月 14 日,法国爆发了大革命,制宪

2、议会成为法国革命的领导机关,它对法国旧制度进行了一系列的改造,其改造主要是适应了( )A大资产阶级的需要B工商业资产阶级的需要C工业资产阶级的需要D中小资产阶级的需要解析:选 A。当时,在法国制宪议会中起主导作用的是代表大资产阶级和自由派贵族利益的君主立宪派,因此,A 项正确。3法国人权宣言提出:“法律是公共意志的表现在法律面前所有的公民都是平等的。 ”可见, 人权宣言认为政治民主化就是要保证( )A法律面前人人平等B议会是立法机关C私有财产不可侵犯D人们的绝对自由解析:选 A。政治民主化是以法律面前的人人平等为前提的,但绝对自由是不存在的。4(2014宿州质检)有学者认为, “在树立法国的国际威望方面, 人权宣言所起的作用胜过了法国军队所打的一切胜仗” 。这主要是因为它( )A超越了英国 1689 年的权利法案B克服了美国独立宣言的局限性C成为 18 世纪末法国大革命的纲领性文件D对民主思想传播起到了巨大的推动作用解析:选 D。法国的人权宣言 、英国的权利法案和美国的独立宣言有着共同的进步之处,同时又各有侧重,不能说人权宣言比权利法案和独立宣言进步,因此 A、B 两项的表述都是错误的。C 项强调的是人权宣言对法国的影响,与题干中“在树立法国的国际威望方面”这一要求不符,故可排除。D 项强调了人权宣言对民主思想传播的巨大作用,符合题意要求。

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