2019届高考数学二轮复习解答题双规范案例之——数列问题.doc

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1、1数列问题感悟体验快易通1.已知在正项等比数列a n中,a 1与 a3分别是方程 x2-5x+4=0 的两根.(1)求数列a n的通项公式.(2)若数列b n是递增数列,其前 n 项和为 Sn,且 bn=log2an+1,求数列 的前 n 项和 Tn.【解析】(1)设等比数列a n的公比为 q,依题意得 或1=4,3=1.若 因为 an0,则 q=2,所以 an=12n-1=2n-1;若 因为 an0,则 q= ,1=4,3=1, 12所以 an=4 =23-n.(2)因为数列b n是递增数列,b n=log2an+1,所以由(1)知 an=2n-1,bn=log2an+1=log22n-1=

2、n-1+1=n,所以b n是以 1 为首项,1 为公差的等差数列,所以 Sn= = .(1+)2所以 = =2 ,1所以 Tn=2(11-12+12-13+1- 1+1)2=2 = .(1- 1+1)2.已知数列a n的前 n 项和为 Sn,且 a1=1,Sn+1-2Sn=1(nN *).(1)求数列a n的通项公式.(2)若数列b n满足 bn=n+ ,求数列b n的前 n 项和 Tn.【解析】(1)由 Sn+1-2Sn=1(nN *)得Sn-2Sn-1=1(n2,nN *),两式相减得 an+1=2an(n2,nN *).又 S2-2S1=1,a1=1,所以 a1+a2-2a1=1,得 a2=2,则 a2=2a1,所以数列a n是首项为 1,公比为 2 的等比数列,所以 an=2n-1.(2)由(1)知 bn=n+ ,所以 Tn=1+2+n+1+ + +22322= +1+ + + ,22322令 An=1+ + + ,22322则 An= + + + + ,12 12222323 -12-12-得 An=1+ + + -12 12122 23=2 - =2- ,1-(12)2所以 An=4- .所以 Tn= +4- .+22-1+22-1

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