六年级语文下册古诗词背诵2《鸟鸣涧》课件新人教版.ppt

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1、唐王维,鸟鸣涧,表达了作者对山中春景的喜爱之情。,“闲”说明周围没有人事的烦扰,说明诗人内心的闲静。有此作为前提,细微的桂花从枝上落下,才被觉察到了。诗人能发现这种“落”,或仅凭花落在衣襟上所引起的触觉,或凭声响,或凭花瓣飘坠时所发出的一丝丝芬芳。总之,“落”所能影响于人的因素是很细微的。而当这种细微的因素,竟能被从周围世界中明显地感觉出来的时候,诗人则又不禁要为这夜晚的静谧和由静谧格外显示出来的空寂而惊叹了。这里,诗人的心境和春山的环境气氛,是互相契合而又互相作用的。 写空灵闲静的环境和心境,主人公用他全部的心神去细细地啼听花落鸟鸣的天籁,他的内心宁静淡泊,但又富于幽雅情致。静到极处的自然在

2、诗人笔下有声有色,生意盎然。月出无声,而山鸟惊飞,这是动静相衬的艺术佳境。而庵说唐诗:“右丞精于禅理,其诗皆合圣教。“唐诗笺注:“闲事闲情,妙以闲人领此闲趣。“诗法易简录:“鸟鸣,动机也;涧,狭境也。而先着夜静春山空;五字于其前,然后点出鸟鸣涧来,便觉有一种空旷寂静景象,因鸟鸣而愈显者,流露于笔墨之外。一片化机,非复人力可到。“,这首诗是王维山水诗中的代表作品之一。从文学创作的角度来赏析,这首诗的精妙之处在于“动”、“静”对比衬托的诗情画意。首句“人闲桂花落,夜静春山空”,便以声写景,巧妙地采用了通感的手法,将“花落”这一动态情景与“人闲”结合起来。花开花落,都属于天籁之音,唯有心真正闲下来,

3、放下对世俗杂念的挚着迷恋,才能将个人的精神提升到一个“空”的境界。当时的背景是“深夜”,诗人显然无法看到桂花飘落的景致,但因为“夜静”,更因为观风景的人“心静”,所以他还是感受到了盛开的桂花从枝头脱落、飘下、着地的过程。而我们在诵读的同时也似乎进入了“香林花雨”的胜景。此处的“春山”还给我们留下了想象的空白,因是“春山”,可以想见白天的喧闹的画面:春和日丽、鸟语花香、欢声笑语。而此时,夜深人静,游人离去,白天的喧闹消失殆尽,山林也空闲了下来,其实“空”的还有诗人作为禅者的心境。唯其心境洒脱,才能捕捉到到别人无法感受的情景。,末句“月出惊山鸟,时鸣春涧中”,便是以动写静,一“惊”一“鸣”,看似打

4、破了夜的静谧,实则用声音的描述衬托山里的幽静与闲适:月亮从云层中钻了出来,静静的月光流泻下来,几只鸟儿从睡梦中醒了过来,不时地呢喃几声,和着春天山涧小溪细细的水流声,更是将这座寂静山林的整体意境烘托在读者眼前,与王籍“蝉噪林逾静,鸟鸣山更幽”(入若耶溪)有异曲同工之妙。王维在他的山水诗里,喜欢创造静谧的意境,该诗也是这样。但诗中所写的却是花落、月出、鸟鸣,这些动的景物,即使诗显得富有生机而不枯寂,同时又通过动,更加突出地显示了春涧的幽静。动的景物反而能取得静的效果,这是因为事物矛盾着的双方,总是互相依存的。在一定条件下,动之所以能够发生,或者能够为人们所注意,正是以静为前提的。“鸟鸣山更幽”,这里面是包含着艺术辩证法的。,

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