(江西专版)2019中考化学总复习第一篇基础过关篇专项10中和反应及探究课件.pptx

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江西专版,PART ONE,第一篇 基础过关篇,专项(十) 中和反应及探究,1.中和反应的实质: 。 2.判断中和反应是否发生的方法及注意事项(以氢氧化钠溶液和稀盐酸反应为例),酸溶液中的氢离子与碱溶液中的氢氧根离子结合成水分子,红,无,不一定,盐酸过量时也出现相同现象,没有蓝色沉淀生成,没有气泡生成,pH=8时,溶液仍然显碱性,碱性减弱有可能是碱被水稀释引起的,先升高后降低,固体氢氧化钠溶于水也能放热,3.溶液pH变化及所得溶液成分判断(以氢氧化钠溶液和稀盐酸反应为例),7,NaOH,NaOH、NaCl,7,=7,NaCl,7,NaCl、HCl,7,7,=7,7,HCl,HCl、NaCl,NaCl,NaOH、NaCl,4.中和反应后溶液成分的检验 (1)以氢氧化钠与盐酸反应为例 反应后溶液成分中一定存在的物质是 ,属于 (填物质类别)。 反应后溶质成分可能为: (恰好反应); (酸过量); (碱过量); NaCl、NaOH和HCl,此情况不合理的原因是 。,NaCl,盐,NaCl,NaCl、HCl,NaOH、NaCl,NaOH与HCl能反应,不共存,(2)稀盐酸加入到氢氧化钠溶液中时,酸是否过量的检验方法,溶液呈紫色,pH为7,产生大量气泡,溶液呈浅绿色,产生大量气泡,

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