(江西专用)2019中考数学总复习第二部分专题综合强化专题四特殊图形的计算与证明类型1针对训练.doc

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(江西专用)2019中考数学总复习第二部分专题综合强化专题四特殊图形的计算与证明类型1针对训练.doc_第1页
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1、1第二部分 专题四 类型一1(2018湖北)如图,在 Rt ABC中, ACB90, BAC30, E为 AB边的中点,以 BE为边作等边 BDE,连接 AD, CD.(1)求证: ADE CDB;(2)若 BC ,在 AC边上找一点 H,使得 BH EH最小,并求出这个最小值3(1)证明:在 Rt ABC中, BAC30, E为 AB边为中点, BC EA, ABC60. DEB为等边三角形, DB DE, DEB DBE60, DEA120, DBC120, DEA DBC, ADE CDB.(2)解:如答图,作点 E关于直线 AC的对称点 E,连接 BE交 AC于点 H,连接 AE,则点

2、 H即为符合条件的点由作图可知EH BH BE, AE AE, E AC BAC30, EAE60, EAE为等边三角形, EE EA AB, AE B90.12在 Rt ABC中, BAC30, BC ,3 AB2 , AE AE ,3 3 BE 3,AB2 AE 2 23 2 3 2 BH EH的最小值为 3.2(2018徐州)如图,将等腰直角三角形纸片 ABC对折,折痕为CD.展平后,再将点 B折叠在边 AC上(不与 A, C重合),折痕为 EF,点B在 AC上的对应点为 M,设 CD与 EM交于点 P,连接 PF.已知 BC4.(1)若 M为 AC的中点,求 CF的长;(2)随着点 M

3、在边 AC上取不同的位置, PFM的形状是否发生变化?请说明理由;求 PFM的周长的取值范围解:(1) M为 AC的中点, CM AC BC2,12 122由折叠的性质可知, FB FM,设 CF x,则 FB FM4 x,在 Rt CFM中, FM2 CF2 CM2,即(4 x)2 x22 2,解得, x ,即 CF .32 32(2) PFM的形状是等腰直角三角形,不会发生变化,理由如下:令 FM与 CD交于点 D,由折叠的性质可知, PMF B45. CD是中垂线, ACD DCF45. MPC OPM, POM PMC, , .POPM OMMC MCPM OMPO EMC AEM A CMF EMF, AEM CMF. DPE AEM90, CMF MFC90, DPE MPC, DPE MFC, MPC MFC. PCM OCF45, MPC OFC, ,MPOF MCOC , . POF MOC,MCPM OCOF OMPO OCOF POF MOC, PFO MCO45, PFM是等腰直角三角形 PFM是等腰直角三角形,设 FM y,由勾股定理可知 PF PM y,22 PFM的周长为(1 )y.22 y4, PFM的周长的取值范围为 22 (1 )y44 .2 2 2

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