1、1第四讲 固定搭配固定搭配包括固定词组搭配和语法题两种，随着“突出语篇”的命题原则，这类题目越来越少。例 1 (2017江苏高考)This 52.meant，of course，that he arrived at school early in the morning，53.dragging his heavy instrument case across the campus to the 54.pitying looks of the non-musicians he had left _55_.55.A.over B.asideC.behind D.out答案 C leave.behi
2、nd 表示“把抛在后面” ，符合语境。故本题属于固定搭配。例 2 (2016江苏高考)And thats when it _45_ me.I wasnt doing anything 46.on_purpose to make myself better.And at that moment，I made the 47.decision：I will develop and follow a personal growth plan for my 48.life.45.A.confused B.informedC.pleased D.hit答案 D 库尔特的话使“我”突然醒悟。when it
3、hit me “使我突然想起” ，属于固定搭配。例 3 (2016江苏高考)We 51.recognized that Kurt wasnt just trying to make a sale.He was offering a _52_ for us to change our lives and achieve our dreams.52.A.tool B.methodC.way D.rule答案 C 句意：库尔特给我们提供了一种改变生活、实现梦想的途径。a way to do sth “做某件事的方法” ，属于固定搭配。【技巧点拨】1.不能利用语法知识进行判断，只有熟悉其意义和用法，才
4、能迅速准确地做出判断。做题时首先要通过上下文理解该句的意义，之后从搭配角度推选答案。2.完形填空考查的搭配主要是由动词介词、动词副词、形容词介词、介词名词等2构成，这需要考生在平时的练习中注意词组、短语的整体记忆，掌握它们的搭配规律。3.有些短语含有多种意义，做题时要根据语境判断使用哪个含义。A(2018全国卷)During my second year at the city college，I was told that the education department was offering a“free” course, called Thinking Chess, for thre
5、e credits.I _1_ the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesnt want to _2_ a few dollars? More than that, Id always wanted to learn chess.And，even if I werent _3_ enough about free credits, news about our _4_ was appealing enough to me.He was an international grandmaster, which _5_ I wo
6、uld be learning from one of the games _6_.I could hardly wait to _7_ him.Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this _8_ was no game for him; he meant business.In his introduction, he made it _9_ that our credits would be hard-earned.In order to _10_ the class，a
7、mong other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to _11_ what we would learn in class to our future professions and，_12_， to our lives.I managed to get an A in that _13_ and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the _14_.Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, Im still
8、putting to use what he _15_ me: “The absolute most important _16_ that you learn when you play chess is how to make good _17_.On every single move you have to _18_ a situation，process what your opponent (对手) is doing and _19_ the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true to
9、day in my _20_ as a journalist.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了我在大学时所选的课程对自己以后的职业和生活起到了很重要的作用。1.A.put forward B.jumped at3C.tried out D.turned down答案 B 我迫不及待地接受(jumped at)了参加这个课程学习的想法。put forward“提出” ；try out“试验” ；turn down“关小，拒绝” 。2.A.waste B.earnC.save D.pay答案 C 毕竟，谁不想节省(save)一些钱呢？waste“浪费，花费” ；earn“挣，赚得” ；p
10、ay“付款” 。3.A.excited B.worriedC.moved D.tired答案 A 即使我对免费学分不太激动(excited)。worried“担心的” ；moved“感动的” ；tired“劳累的” 。4.A.title B.competitorC.textbook D.instructor答案 D 关于我们的讲师(instructor)的消息足够吸引我。title“标题，题目” ；competitor“竞争者” ；textbook“课本” 。5.A.urged B.demandedC.held D.meant答案 D 他是一位国际象棋大师，这意味(meant)着我能向象棋界最
11、优秀的人之一学习。urge“敦促” ；demand“要求” ；hold“举行” 。6.A.fastest B.easiestC.best D.rarest答案 C 参见上题解析。fastest“最快的” ；easiest“最容易的” ；best“最佳的” ；rarest“最珍贵的” 。7.A.interview B.meetC.challenge D.beat答案 B 根据上文对这位国际象棋大师的描述可知，我迫不及待地想见到(meet)他。interview“采访” ；challenge“挑战” ；beat“打击” 。8.A.chance B.qualificationC.honor D.jo
12、b答案 D Maurice Ashley 是善良又聪明的人，这份工作(job)对他来说不是游戏。4chance“机会” ；qualification“资格” ；honor“荣誉” 。9.A.real B.perfectC.clear D.possible答案 C 在他的介绍里，他清楚地(clear)说明了我们的学分是必须经过努力才能得到的。real“真的” ；perfect“完美的” ；possible“可能的” 。10.A.attend B.passC.skip D.observe答案 B 为了通过(pass)这门课程，我们必须写一篇关于如何把课堂所学运用到未来职业中的文章。attend“参
13、加” ；skip“跳过” ；observe“观察” 。11.A.add B.exposeC.apply D.compare答案 C 参见上题解析。add“添加” ；expose“暴露，使面临” ；apply“应用，运用” ；compare“比较” 。12.A.eventually B.naturallyC.directly D.normally答案 A 并且最后(eventually)运用到我们的生活中。naturally“自然地” ；directly“直接地” ；normally“正常地” 。13.A.game B.presentationC.course D.experiment答案 C
14、我设法在那门课程(course)获得了 A。game“游戏” ；presentation“授予，表现” ；experiment“实验” 。14.A.criterion B.classroomC.department D.situation答案 B 并且学到一些对我课堂(classroom)之外的生活有用的知识。criterion“标准” ；department“部门” ；situation“形势” 。15.A.taught B.wroteC.questioned D.promised答案 A 我仍然利用到他教(taught)我的东西。write“写” ；question“提问” ；promis
15、e“承诺” 。16.A.fact B.step5C.manner D.skill答案 D 当你下象棋时，你学到的最重要的技能(skill)是如何作出好决定。fact“事实”；step“步骤” ；manner“方式” 。17.A.grades B.decisionsC.impressions D.comments答案 B 参见上题解析。grade“分数” ；decision“决定” ；impression“印象” ；comment“评论” 。18.A.analyze B.describeC.rebuild D.control答案 A 每一步你不得不分析(analyze)情况。describe“描
16、述” ；rebuild“重建” ；control“控制” 。19.A.announce B.signalC.block D.evaluate答案 D 在所有选择中评估(evaluate)出最好的选择。announce“宣布” ；signal“发信号” ；block“阻止，限制” 。20.A.role B.desireC.concern D.behavior答案 A 我作为记者这一角色(role)，这些话今天听起来仍然是真实的。desire“欲望” ；concern“关心” ；behavior“行为” 。B(2018苏北四市高三第一次调研)My mother has always been in
17、volved in early-childhood education.She often set the scene for children to _1_ the joy of physical activity，getting them excited and _2_ to learn.Mum was so proud of me after I _3_ the triathlon at the 2000 Olympics，but before the dust _4_，she grabbed me，saying: “Now this is your _5_.Use it.” She w
18、asnt speaking from an economic point of view but talking about the _6_ of my being a role model，encouraging kids to _7_ their dreams.Since the Olympics，I have _8_ more than 100 schools.I talk to the kids about “living a life less _9_， ” a concept passed on to me by my parentsthe idea 6of _10_ being
19、average.I tell them that what you believe，you will _11_.As I was a kid，my mother came to every _12_not to pressure me but to _13_ me.One of my favorite sports-related memories was when I was _14_ in the Canadian Triathlon Championships.As I ran by a big truck，I saw my mother _15_ on top of one of it
20、s huge wheels，cheering for me.I find it sad when people say their parents have never seen them _16_.When I was at the University，I completed only one semester and then decided to _17_ so I could race professionally fulltime.Mum was the first person I called.It was a_18_ moment.I wasnt sure how she w
21、ould react.“Mum，I have this opportunity，and I think Im going to take it.What do you think？”She was as _19_ as ever.It turned out to be a good _20_.Supporting your children，trusting their decisions，giving well-thought-out advicethose are definitely important qualities.1.A.experience B.evaluateC.expre
22、ss D.expect答案 A “使孩子体会活动的乐趣” ，experience 指体验、经历。2.A.afraid B.readyC.relaxed D.reluctant答案 B ready to learn 准备好学习，A 恐惧，D 不情愿的，与上文妈妈营造的学习氛围相矛盾，C 放松的，与原文相关性小。3.A.won B.choseC.played D.watched答案 A “赢得了 2000 年三项全能运动的比赛” ，赢得比赛使母亲骄傲，故选 A。4.A.rose B.settledC.flew D.appeared答案 B dust settle，待形势明朗，尘埃落定，文中指成绩公
23、布之前。5.A.luck B.timeC.crossroad D.opportunity答案 D “这是你的机会，好好利用” 。luck 幸运，不合题意，crossroad 十字路口，并7非作抉择，不合题意，time 时间，不合题意。6.A.demand B.happinessC.courage D.importance答案 D “谈论我成为一个榜样人物的重要性” ，其余选项不符合文意。7.A.display B.followC.appreciate D.abandon答案 B follow their dreams 追寻他们的梦想。8.A.served B.attendedC.visited
24、 D.started答案 C 根据下文“I told the kids.”可知“我”参观走访了 100 多所学校。9.A.energetic B.colorfulC.miserable D.ordinary答案 D ordinary 平凡，普通。 “living a life less ordinary”意为拒绝平庸的生活。10.A.never B.alwaysC.seldom D.usually答案 A The idea of never being average，与上文的拒绝平庸相对应，意为“永不甘于平凡” 。11.A.neglect B.achieveC.suspect D.assum
25、e答案 B “我告诉他们相信什么，就会得到什么。 ”12.A.practice B.schoolC.game D.kindergarten答案 C game 比赛，后文 in the Canadian Triathlon Championships 可以看出。13.A.support B.rewardC.instruct D.comfort答案 A support 支持，后文“cheering for me”可以看出。14.A.surfing B.jumpingC.jogging D.running答案 D 后文“as I ran by a big truck”可以看出。815.A.sitti
26、ng B.speakingC.standing D.performing答案 C 我看到我妈妈站在大卡车上面(这里表示顺着车轮胎看到了我妈妈)，为我加油！“站在大卡车上”用 stand。16.A.compete B.succeedC.separate D.compromise答案 A compete 比赛， “当人们说他们的父母从不看他们的比赛我觉得这很难过。 ”17.A.drop in B.drop offC.drop out D.drop back答案 C 后文“so I could race professionally full time”可以看出，我为了有足够的专业训练时间想要退学
27、drop out。drop in“顺便访问” ；drop off“打盹儿” ；drop back“后退，落后” 。18.A.magic B.nervousC.critical D.serious答案 B nervous 令人感到焦虑的， “I wasnt sure how she would react”我不知道她会作何反应，所以有些忧虑。19.A.attractive B.talkativeC.imaginative D.supportive答案 D supportive 支持的。母亲像往常一样支持我。综合上文可以看出一直以来母亲都支持着我的训练与比赛。20.A.consideration
28、B.intentionC.suggestion D.decision答案 D “it turned out to be a good decision”这是一个很好的决定。后文“Supporting your children.”以及上文中母亲的支持可以体现，支持自己的孩子是一个很棒的决定。A(2018天津高考)No one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own _1_.9I learned this lesson from a(n) _2_ many years ago.I took the hea
29、d _3_ job at a school in Baxley, Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the _4_ team at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach, and they didnt even practice to _5_ the game.Being the coach of the new team,
30、I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated.I couldnt _6_ I had got into such a situation.Thinking hard about it, I came to _7_ that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were _8_ me.I had to change my _9_ about their ability a
31、nd potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little _10_.Most important, I began to treat them like _11_.That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their _12_， we met every day and _13_ passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our _14_ on the spring practice f
32、ield, we won our first game and our second, and continued to _15_.Finally, we faced the number one team in the state.I felt that it would be a _16_ for us even if we lost the game.But that wasnt what happened.My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest _17_ of my life!From t
33、he experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can _18_ the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and _19_ them.I helped them to see themselves _20_， and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made, not born.【语篇解读】 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者执教的校足球队输掉了比赛，但是作者
34、没有气馁，而是给球员勇气和信心，终于球队获得了令人骄傲的成绩。作者也由此意识到，胜利者不是天生的，他们是靠自己的努力来获得成功的。1.A.luck B.testsC.efforts D.nature10答案 C 上文说谁也不是天生就是赢家，人们通过自己的努力成为胜利者，因此这里选C 表示“努力” 。2.A.experiment B.experienceC.visit D.show答案 B 本空是对下文内容的总结，需要根据下文内容才能得出答案。下文讲述作者多年前当足球教练的一段经历，因此选 B 表示“经历” 。3.A.operating B.editingC.consulting D.coach
35、ing答案 D 从下文的“Being the coach of the new team”可知，作者在这支足球队当主教练，因此选 D。4.A.successful B.excellentC.strong D.new答案 D 语境提到“the schools old team”和“the coach of the new team”，因此本空选 D，在每年春季训练结束的时候，学校的老足球队都要与新足球队进行比赛。5.A.cheer for B.prepare forC.help with D.finish with答案 B 老足球队没有教练，甚至没有为了准备比赛而进行训练。由此可判断，这里用pr
36、epare for 表示“为做准备” 。6.A.believe B.agreeC.describe D.regret答案 A 语境表示作者难以接受这样的结局，对手没有教练，没有备战，但是他们却打败了作者当教练的这支新足球队，这让作者难以相信。故选 A。7.A.realize B.claimC.permit D.demand答案 A 语境表示的是作者经过思考之后的认识，因此选 A 表示“认识到” 。8.A.reacting to B.looking forC.depending on D.caring about答案 C 语境提到作者是这支新足球队的教练，因此选 C，表示这支球队就指望作者了。9
37、.A.decision B.attitude11C.conclusion D.intention答案 B 根据文中的 I、change、their ability and potential 等信息词判断，这里表示作者要改变自己对队员的能力和潜能的态度(attitude)。10.A.pride B.cultureC.fortune D.relationship答案 A 面对队员的失败，作者决定要改变对队员的能力和潜能的态度，因此这里表示作者尽一切努力帮助队员建立自尊心(pride)。11.A.leaders B.partnersC.winners D.learners答案 C 从上文可知，作者
38、执教的足球队在比赛中输了，作者要帮助队员建立自尊心，因此这里表示作者将队员当成胜利者来对待，因此选 C。leader“领导者” ；partner“合伙人” ；learner“学习者” 。12.A.rewards B.vacationsC.health D.honor答案 B 前面提到春季训练比赛，这里说的是到了夏季，因此选 B 表示当其他队的队员们享受他们的假期(vacations)时。13.A.risked B.missedC.considered D.practiced答案 D 与其他足球队不同的是，到了暑假，作者执教的足球队每天都要集合，然后训练(practiced)传球和踢球，因此选
39、D。14.A.defeat B.declineC.accident D.mistake答案 A 这里说的是上文提到的在春季训练结束时作者执教的新足球队与老足球队比赛时输了这件事，因此选 A 表示“失败” 。15.A.relax B.improveC.expand D.defend答案 B 语境说作者执教的这支足球队赢得一场接一场的比赛，球技在不断提高，因此选 B 表示“改进” 。relax“放松，松懈” ，expand“扩大，扩展” ，defend“保卫” ，都不符合语境。16.A.shame B.burden12C.victory D.favor答案 C 作者带领这支曾经在春季训练比赛中输了
40、的足球队，一路披荆斩棘，最后要与全州最好的足球队比赛。因此此处表示即使他们输掉了这场比赛，对于他们来说也是一种胜利(victory)。17.A.chances B.thrillsC.concerns D.offers答案 B 作者执教的这支足球队打败了佐治亚州最好的足球队，作者感到很激动(thrills)。18.A.surprise B.serveC.interest D.affect答案 D 语境表示一个团队的领导者的态度能够影响(affect)团队的每个成员。19.A.encouraged B.observedC.protected D.impressed答案 A 这里说的是作者执教的足球
41、队在春季训练比赛中输了之后，作者没有把自己的队员看作失败者，而是不断地鼓励(encouraged)他们。20.A.honestly B.individuallyC.calmly D.differently答案 D 从上文可知，作者执教的足球队在春季训练比赛中输了，但作者帮助队员建立自尊心，鼓励他们，并把他们当成胜利者来对待，即帮助他们从不同的角度来看待自己，因此选 D 表示“不一样地” 。BI may be a bit old school but I think that people who store all of their pictures on their smart phones
42、 are missing out on something.There is _1_ like seeing a loved ones smiling face looking down on you from a picture frame on your wall.It is both _2_ and assuring，almost like they are watching _3_ you while you work at your desk.As I work at my own desk I can see my Moms picture smiling down on me.S
43、he left us too soon.She was only 55 years old when cancer _4_ her.If ones years here were _5_ on merit then she should have lived to be over 100.My Dads kind smile is _6_ hers.It has only been a few years since he 13passed.Sometimes I still _7_ the telephone wanting to call him and tell him somethin
44、g that has just happened to me only to remember that he is gone.My Nanas picture is there too，_8_ the 90 years young sign at her birthday party 16 years ago.How I wish I _9_ walk into her kitchen again，have a talk，and _10_ a big slice of homemade Italian bread with her.Sometimes looking at these pic
45、tures gives me a _11_ of sadness.I still miss them all and I dont feel _12_ to be the oldest generation yet.Most of the time，_13_，I only feel the warmth and joy that comes from a million loving memories _14_ these pictures bring back.It makes me feel _15_ knowing that I had them all in my life for t
46、he years that I did.It makes me want to follow their loving example _16_ in my own life as well.A lot of people say that you have to have a _17_ heart to get through life.Others say a soft heart is better.I myself think that a strong heart is best.We need a heart that loves through the _18_.We need
47、a heart that keeps loving _19_ when we lose the people we love the most.We need a heart that knows that “Anyone who lives in love lives in God，and God lives in him.” May your heart be strong then.May your love _20_ from your pictures and from your life.【语篇解读】 文章主要通过家人的照片阐述了生活中最重要的是拥有坚强的心的道理。1.A.some
48、thing B.anythingC.everything D.nothing答案 D 依照所在的句子的意思：再没有比看着他们的笑容让人觉得舒服安心，故此处应该使用 nothing 一词适合。2.A.confusing B.disgustingC.comforting D.frustrating答案 C 依照前一句的意思以及后面的词“assuring”可知此处表示的是“舒服安心”与选项中的“comforting”意义一致，故选 C 正确。A 项表示“令人困惑的” ；B 项是“令人呕心的” ；D 项表示“令人沮丧的” 。3.A.out B.over C.for D.on14答案 B 此处考查的是与 watch 搭配的介词，watch over 表示“看着”之意，watch out“小心，留神” ；watch for“观察，等待” ；watch on“在值班” 。故 B 项正确。4.A.claimed B.eliminatedC.sacrificed D.took答案 D 依照句意：她走得太早，55 岁那年因癌症去世，此处表示的是“去世”之意，故 D 项“take”可表示“拿走”之意，与文章意思相符。A 项应该是“claim ones life”；B 项表示的是“去除” ；
