019高考生物二轮复习专题一细胞第2讲细胞的生命历程第Ⅱ课时高考研究__教师为主导锁定高考范围备考更高效课件20190220375.ppt

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1、第 2 讲,细胞的生命历程,第课时 高考研究 教师为主导锁定高考范围,备考更高效,考点(一) 细胞分裂与生物变异,师说考点,变异类型,特点,细胞分裂类型,可发生基因突变、基因重组和染色体变异,有DNA复制、染色体交叉互换及非同源染色体自由组合等现象,减数分裂,可能发生基因突变和染色体变异,不发生基因重组,有DNA复制和染色体变化,无同源染色体分离和非同源染色体的自由组合,有丝分裂,基因突变,没有纺锤体变化,有DNA复制,无丝分裂,若图甲为减数分裂图像,图乙是减数分裂过程中出现的,则染色体上出现B、b不同的原因可能是基因突变或交叉互换。若要确定变异类型还需要结合其他信息,如体细胞基因型、其他染

2、色体上基因情况等。 若图甲为有丝分裂图像,则B、b不同的原因只能是基因突变,这是因为有丝分裂过程中不会出现同源染色体的联会、四分体、交叉互换等现象,解读,图像,精研题点,锁定热点,03,考点(二) 结合热点考查细胞的分化、衰老、凋亡与癌变,师说考点,终点是否为完整个体,起点是否为离体的器官、组织或细胞,细胞全能性判断的标准,是否有特殊基因(奢侈基因)的表达 是否含有特殊(或特有)化学成分,如血红蛋白、抗体、胰岛素等,分子水平,同一来源的细胞是否形成形态、功能不同的组织细胞(且细胞器种类、数量也有差异),细胞水平,细胞分化的判断标准:看是否“与众不同”,精研题点,锁定热点,03,提能增分检测,课堂巩固落实,谢,观,看,THANK YOU FOR WATCHING,谢,

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