1、12018 年 12 月平遥中学高三（补）质检英语试题（文理科）本试题满分：150 分 考试时间：100 分钟 第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 60 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,和 D）中，选出最佳答案，并将答案写在答题卡上。第一节（共 15 个小题；每小题 3 分，满分 45 分）ANo trip to Chicago is complete without a visit to the Art Institute, which is the second largest art museum in the nation.Opening hours:Mon - We
2、d Thu, 10:30 am- 8 pm; closed on New Years Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas Day.Highlights: The Modern Wing contains contemporary masterpieces by Dali, Matisse, Miro, Picasso, Pollock, and Warhol. In the Central Hall visitors can view one of the worlds finest Impressionist collections, including mas
3、terpieces by Monet, Degas, Renoir, Seurat, Gauguin, and Van Gogh. Thorne Miniature Rooms offer a detailed view of European homes from the 16th century through the 1930s and American homes from the 17th century to 1940. The past returns as over 550 works from 4,000 years of art come together in Of Go
4、ds and Glamour, located in the beautiful new Mary and Michael Jaharis Galleries of Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Art.Advice for visitors: Free guided tours are available daily at noon. Free art-making activities are available for children each weekend from 11 am to 2 pm. Visit the Family Room in the R
5、yan Education Center, open daily from 10:30 am 5 pm, and introduce your child to the museums collections with a variety of hands-on activities. Assemble (组装) puzzles based on masterpieces youll see in the galleries, build architectural wonders with colorful blocks, and learn about art through storie
6、s and games at Curious Corner. Check out the Lions Trial tour for children ages 5-10. This tour is especially designed for the young people in your group! Dont miss it!Getting there: You can take the follow buses: 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 14, 26, 28, 126, 143.1. When is it suitable for you to visit the Art In
7、stitute?2A. At 7 pm on Thursday. B. At 8:30 am on Saturday C. At 3:30 pm on Thanksgiving Day. D. At 10 am on Tuesday.2. Whose works can visitors see in the Modern Wing?A. Monet. B. Van Gogh. C. Picasso. D. Seurat.3. What can children do at Curious Corner?A. Hold a birthday party. B. Play with colorf
8、ul blocks. C. Communicate with artists. D. Join the Lions Trail tour.BWhen my daughter, Sophie, was admitted to a college we were very happy, but a little worried about becoming empty nesters. I knew I had to do something to help myself adapt, starting with the summer before she left.Sophie had a pa
9、ck of colorful T-shirts. I knew she wouldnt wear them any more, so I decided to make a quilt out of them for her bed at college. It focused my energy, and also let me relive some memories. I tried to work on the quilt when Sophie wasnt at home, which turned out to be often. She was very busy with he
10、r friends. Even when she was around, her door was shut more than usual. I felt a bit hurt. After all, we didnt have much time together before she went to college, I was already missing her, and she hadnt ever left yet.When we arrived at the college, a wave of emotion flooded me. I tried to hold it b
11、ack, but Sophie saw it in my face. She took a big red book from her bag. “I made this for you, Mom,” she said. Then I knew why she had been staying behind a closed door that summer. It was an album of photographs documenting the life of our family over the last 17 years.I broke into tears. Some of i
12、t was sadness at having to let her go, but some of it was joy. I knew that our connection was more powerful than ever, and that wed always be connected by the strongest of threads, the love that went into every stitch of her quilt and every photo of my album.In Sophies dormitory I unfolded the quilt
13、 on her bed. For a moment she was speechless. Then she threw her arms around me. “Mom, I love you,” she said. One of her new friends was calling her outside. Sophie turned, and I let her go.4. What do we learn about Sophie from the passage?A. She did not understand how her mother felt about her leav
14、ing.B. She had few friends, and kept to herself at home that summer.C. She made a photo album to show her love.D. She liked her colorful T-shirts very much.5. Why did the author feel hurt, according to the second paragraph?A. Because Sophie was not interested in what she was doing.B. Because Sophie
15、had little time for her.C. Because Sophie was going to leave home for a long time.D. Because Sophie did not help her to make the quilt.6. How did the author feel when they arrived at the college?3A. She felt worried.B. She felt nervous.C. She was sorry to be leaving her daughter.D. She missed her da
16、ughter very much.7. Why did the author finally let her daughter go?A. She realized that her daughter had to go to college by herself.B. She realized that the love between them would never be cut off.C. Sophies present had made her forget her sorrow.D. Sophies new friends were calling her outside the
17、 dormitory. C“Does my smile look big in this?” Future fitting-room mirrors in clothing stores could subtly adjust your reflection to make you look and hence feel happier, encouraging you to like what you see.Thats the idea behind the Emotion Evoking System developed by Shigeo Yoshida and colleagues
18、at the University of Tokyo in Japan. The system can manipulate, or in other word, control your emotions and personal preferences by presenting you with an image of your own smiling or frowning face.The principle that physiological changes can drive emotional ones that laughter comes before happiness
19、, rather than the other way around is a well-established idea.The researchers wanted to see if this idea could be used to build a computer system that manipulates how you feel. The system works by presenting the user with a web-camera image of his or her face as if they were looking in a mirror. The
20、 image is then subtly altered with software, turning the corners of the mouth up or down and changing the area around the eyes, so that the person appears to smile or frown (皱眉).Without telling them the aim of the study, the team recruited 21 volunteers and asked them to sit in front of the screen w
21、hile performing an unrelated task. When the task was complete the participants rated how they felt. When the faces on screen appeared to smile, people reported that they felt happier. On the other hand, when the image was given a sad expression, they reported feeling less happy.Yoshida and his colle
22、agues tested whether manipulating the volunteers emotional state would influence their preferences. Each person was given a scarf to wear and again presented with the altered webcam image. The volunteers that saw themselves smiling while wearing the scarf were more likely to report that they liked i
23、t, and those that saw themselves not smiling were less likely.The system could be used to manipulate consumers impressions of products, say the researchers. For example, mirrors in clothing-store fitting rooms could be replaced with screens showing altered reflections. They also suggest people may b
24、e more likely to find clothes attractive if they see themselves looking happy while trying them on.4“Its certainly an interesting area,” says Chris Creed at the University of Birmingham, UK. But he notes that using such technology in a shop would be harder than in the lab, because people will use a
25、wide range of expressions. “Attempting to make slight differences to these and ensuring that the reflected image looks believable would be much more challenging,” he says.Of course, there are also important moral questions surrounding such subtly manipulative technology. “You could argue that if it
26、makes people happy what harm is it doing?” says Creed. “But I can imagine that many people may feel manipulated, uncomfortable and cheated if they found out.”8. Whats the main purpose of the Emotion Evoking System?A. To see whether ones feeling can be unconsciously affected.B. To see whether ones fa
27、cial expressions can be altered.C. To see whether laughter comes before happiness.D. To replace the mirrors in future clothing-store fitting rooms.9. What can we learn about the web-camera image in the study?A. It recorded the volunteers performance in the task.B. It gave the volunteers a false imag
28、e.C. It attempted to make the volunteers feel exhausted.D. It beautified the volunteers appearance in the mirror.10. What does Creed mention as a limitation of the technology?A. It only changes the areas around the mouth and the eyes.B. It only works in clothing stores.C. It only makes subtle change
29、s to peoples behaviors.D. It only deals with a limited number of facial expressions.11. What does Creeds comment on the moral issues with this technology imply?A. Nothing is more important than happiness.B. Technology is unable to manipulate people.C. People should make their decisions independently
30、.D. People should neglect the harm of the technology.DPeer PressurePeople who are at your age, like your classmates, are called peers. When they influence you on your decision or action, its called peer pressure. All of us, at some point in our lives, have had to deal with peer pressure. The need to
31、 follow the crowd and do what majority of us are doing forces us to take up activities which we wouldnt otherwise.Recent studies have shown that peer pressure might cause an upside to you. It can make you reflect on your actions and make changes to your ways to become a better one. Observing others
32、working hard to reach their goals will definitely encourage you to make a great effort to achieve something positive. When a teen knows that his teammates are practicing hard to become better players then it will directly affect his own performance. He will put in twice 5the time and energy to raise
33、 the level of his game and ensure he has a place on the team.Having a group that brings positive peer pressure can also help you pick up healthy habits that can shape both your personality and your future. The motivation to do well because of pressure from your peers can actually become inspiration.
34、 For example, when a child knows that some of his friends regularly read storybooks, he may get into the habit of reading. Seeing that his friends exercise daily, even he may take up the habit and adopt it in life. Just as some influences can be positive, some can be negative too. Peer pressure some
35、times can make a dip in your self-confidence. Some kids give in to peer pressure because they want to be liked, or because they worry that others might make fun of them if they dont go along with the group. Others go along because they are curious to try something new. The idea that “everyones doing
36、 it” can influence them to leave their better judgment behind. Besides, peer pressure can distance you from your family and friends. It is common for teenagers to think that nobody understands them and that the whole world is against them. The influence of peer pressure is such that it draws them co
37、mpletely away from their family and friends who mean well. They just shut themselves off and fall into bad company.Its likely that youve experienced the effect of peer pressure in different areas, ranging from the clothes you wear to the music you listen to. Sometimes it can be hard to resist and yo
38、u may feel forced to do something youre uncomfortable with. So being aware of and carefully choosing the influence of peers that will lead to healthy and happy experiences is a lifelong process.12. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. A quick reaction. B. A positive effect.
39、C. A serious challenge. D. A potential conflict.13. According to the author, peer pressure can get teenagers to _.A. become less self-confident B. provide a model for teammatesC. identify characteristics of different habits D. improve relationship with family members14. What does the author think of
40、 peer pressure? A. It makes no difference to teens judgment.B. It influences teens to fit into various lifestyles.C. It helps teens to relieve the uncomfortable feeling.D. It seems like a common phenomenon among teens.15. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?A. B. 6C. D.I: Intro
41、duction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分）根据短文内容，从 短 文 后 的 选 项 中 选 出 能 填 入 空 白 处 的 最 佳 选 项 。 选 项 中 的 两 项 为 多 余 选 项 。EPlaying a musical instrument throughout your life protects your hearing, a Canadian study suggests. The study, which was published in Psychology an
42、d Aging, carried out hearing tests on 74 musicians and 89 non-musicians. 16 Action on Hearing Loss said all peopleincluding musiciansshould try to prevent hearing damage. 17 By sixty, 10-30% of people have some hearing loss. By eighty, that goes up to as many as 60%. Problems are particularly seen i
43、n the central hearing processing system, which is associated with understanding speech, especially when there is background noise.Then a research, by a team at the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto, looked at how adults were affected as they aged. They chose both musicians and non-musicians from
44、the age of 18 to 91 and divided them into different groups based on the age. Again musicians were significantly better at picking out speech against noise in all the age ranges.18 Benjamin Zendel, who was part of the research team, said, “We found that being a musician may contribute to better heari
45、ng in old age, probably due to musicians using their hearing systems at a high level on a regular basis. This advantage widened considerably for musicians as they got older when compared to similar-aged non-musicians.”This study suggests that musicians might be more able to deal with the consequence
46、s of hearing loss. 19 As Dr. Ralph Holme said, all peopleincluding musiciansshould try to prevent hearing damage in the first place. Its necessary for everyone who plays a musical instrument or listens to loud 7music to wear hearing protection. 20 A. Hearing normally declines as people age.B. Previo
47、us studies explained the reasons for hearing loss.C. That can effectively reduce the risk of damaging their hearing permanently.D. Still, it is far better to minimize damage by using appropriate ear protection.E. They believed musicians are also likely to experience age-related hearing problems.F. T
48、he researchers concluded that lifelong musicianship delays age-related changes in hearing.G. It found a 70-year-old musicians hearing was as good as that of a 50-year-old who didnt play.第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分 55 分)第一节：完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分, 满分 40 分) 阅读下面短文。从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Failin
49、g SuccessfullyTwo years ago I took part in a speech competition and delivered a memorized speech. It was a hard time for me when the judge 21 the winners. At last, the moment of truth came. I got the worst.After not being placed in the competition, I really wanted to 22 again. I realized that finding the right topic was the most important part of the whole 23 . It needs to be motivational and inspirational to the 24 . So I reworked my speech for the follow
