1、- MIL-STD-L -140A TC m 7797733 0070724 2 m MIL-STD-188-140A 1 LMAY 1990 SUPERSEDING MIL-STD-188-140 3 APRIL 1981 MILITAEtY STANDARJD EQUIPMENT TECHNICAL DESIGN STANDARDS FOR COMMON LONG HAUL/TACTICAL RADIO COMMUNICATIONS IN THE LOW FREQUENCY BAND AND LOWER FREQUENCY BANDS AMSC N/A AREA TCTSISLHC DIS
2、TRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-L -140A TC W 77777LL 0070725 4 W MIL-STD-188-140A FOREWORD 1. This Military Standard is approved and mandatory for
3、use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense (DOD) in accordance with DOD Directive 4640.11, dated 21 December 1987. 2. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Comman
4、der Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command, Attn: Code 003-114, Washington, DC 20363-5100, by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvement proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document, or by letter. 3. Originally, Military Standard 188 (MIL-STD-188) covered technic
5、al standards for tactical and long-haul communications, but later evolved through revisions (MIL-STD-l88A, MIL-STD-188B) into a document applicable to tactical communications only (MIL-STD-188C). 4. Standards for all military communications are now being published in a MIL-STD-188 series of document
6、s. The MIL-STD-188 series is subdivided into a MIL-STD-188-100 series covering common standards for tactical and long-haul communications, a MIL-STD-188-200 series covering standards for tactical communications only, and a MIL-STD-188-300 series covering standards for long- haul communications only.
7、 Emphasis is being placed on developing common standards for tactical and long-haul communications published in the MIL-STD-188- 100 series. ii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-L -3LiOA TC = 7797733 009072b b MIL-STD-188-140A 5
8、. This document contains technical standards and design objectives (DOS) for minimum interface and performance standards pertinent to VLF and LF Radio Subsystems which operate in both long-haul and tactical communications systems. The terms “system standard“ and “design objective“ (DO)“ are defined
9、in FED-STD- 1037. In this document, the word shall“ identifies mandatory system standards. The word “should“ identifies DOS which are desirable but not mandatorv. iii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-. MIL-STD-LB -L40A TC m 97977LL 009
10、0727 8 m MIL-STD-188-140A CONTENTS Paramap h Page 1 . SCOPE 1 1.1 PURPOSE 1 1.2 Application . 1 1.3 System standards and DOS 2 2 . APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS . 3 Government documents 3 Non-Government publications 4 Order of Precedence . 5 3 . DEFINITIONS 6 Definitions of terms 6 Acronyms and abbreviations
11、 . 6 4 . GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 9 4.1 Functionalemployment . 9 4.2 Frequency band allocation . 9 4.4 Interface parameters 9 4.4.1 Digital interface characteristics 9 4.4.2 Modulation and data signaling rates 10 4.3 Radioregulations . 9 iv Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking perm
12、itted without license from IHS-,-,-Page Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-L -140A TC 77777L1 0070727 L MIL-STD-188-140A CONTENTS Paragraph Page 5.3.4 Amplitude frequency response . 14 5.3.5 Envelope delay distortion 14 5.3.6 Int
13、erface parameters 14 5.3.7 VLF modulation rates 14 5.3.8 Modulation frequency accuracy . 14 5.3.9 Precise timeltime interval (PTTI) system interface . 15 5.4 LF band (30 kHz - 300 kHz) . 15 5.4.1 NATO interoperability requirements . 15 5.4.1.1 Shore-to-ship broadcast systems . 15 5.4.1.2 Maritime ai
14、r communications systems . 15 5.4.2 Radio frequency characteristics 15 5.4.2.1 Radio frequency tuning . 15 5.4.2.2 Radio frequency stability 16 5.4.2.3 Radio frequency accuracy . 16 54.2.4 Phasejitter 16 5.4.2.5 Radio frequency spurious emissions 16 5.4.2.6 Carrier noise level 16 5.4.2.7 Necessary b
15、andwidth 17 5.4.3 Modulation 17 5.4.4 Amplitude frequency response . 17 vi Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-L -140A TC 77777LL 0070730 M MIL-STD-188-140A CONTENTS Paragraph Page 5.4.5 Envelope delay distortion . 17 5.4.6 Interf
16、ace parameters . 17 5.4.7 LF modulation rates 17 5.4.8 Modulation frequency accuracy 18 5.4.9 PTTI system interface 18 6. NOTES . 18 6.1 Intended Use 18 6.2 Issue of DODISS . 18 6.3 International Standardization Agreements . 19 6.4 Changes from Previous Issue . 19 FIGURES Fiares 1 . Radio subsystem
17、interface points 11 A-1 PSK and FSK transitions . 25 A-2 Phase continuity and discontinuity in FSK 28 A-3 CSK transitions 29 A-4 MSK modulator diagram 30 . vii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Paragraph A-5 A-6 A.1 . A.II . Paragraph A
18、 10 . 10.1 i0.2 20 . 20.1 20.2 20.2.1 MIL-STD-2BB -240A TC 7797722 0070732 T MIL-STD-188-140A CONTENTS . Pape Input data timing 33 The four allowable waveforms for-MSK modulation 33 Tables Allowable MSK output waveforms . 31 Allowable data transitions 32 APPENDICES SOME MODULATION CHARACTERISTICS FO
19、R THE VLF AND LF BANDS Scope : Purpose . Non-mandatory tutorial . VLF and LF modulation characteristics Analog modulation techniques . . Digital modulation techniques . Interrupted continuous wave (ICW 2 21 21 21 21 21 22 22 viii Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted w
20、ithout license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-388 -340A TC 7777733 0070732 3 . MIL-STD-188-140A CONTENTS APPENDICES Paragraph 20.2.2 20.3 20.4 20.4.1 20.4.2 20.4.3 20.4.3.1 20.4.3.2 20.4.3.2.1 20.4.3.2.2 20.4.3.2.3 Continuous wave frequency shift keying (CWFSK) Phase shift keying (PSK) Frequency shift keying
21、(FSK) : Phase continuity with FDK . FSK modulation index Modulation with a modulation index of 0.5 Compatible shift keying (CSK) Mnimum shift keying (MSK) . MSK modulation . MSK derivation MSK demodulation . 22 23 23 23 24 26 26 26 27 30 34 ix . Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networ
22、king permitted without license from IHS-,-,-NIL-STD-IJB -140A TC 99779LL 0070733 3 m MIL-STD-188-140A i. SCOPE 1.1 Purpose. This standard establishes minimum performance requirements in the form of Technical Design Standards and Design Objectives (D.O.) that will ensure interoperability of future ra
23、dio subsystems equipment in the VLF and LF bands. Performance requirements for experimental or developmental extremely low frequency (ELF) and ultra low frequency (ULF) are not addressed. The frequency ranges of military communications equipment have been established as a result of band characterist
24、ics which do not necessarily depend upon administrative or technical frequency band definitions. .For example, in the area of the electromagnetic spectrum above ELF, that portion of application to military broadcast communications is found between 14 kHz and 200 kHz. This portion in fact extends int
25、o both the VLF and LF bands. Efficient use of the limited bandwidth available at these lower frequencies precludes most analog modulation techniques. This standard, therefore applies primarily to those radio communications equipment and systems which are involved in the transmission of single and mu
26、lti-channel teletypewriter, data and facsimile information. 1.2 Application. This standard shall be used in the design and engineering of new communications equipment for both long haul and tactical systems. Reference is made, in some cases, to other documents which provide standards for specific ap
27、plications. It is not intended that existing systems be immediately converted in compliance with the requirements of this standard. New systems and those undergoing major modification or rehabilitation shall conform to these standards, subject to the provisions of current procurement regulations. Mo
28、dulation techniques 1 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-L -340A TC W 7777733 0070734 5 W MIL-STD-188-140A are not standardized in this document. However, radio subsystems covered by this standard shall be interoperable using any
29、 of the modulation methods outlined in Appendix A. 1.3 System standards and DOs. Mandatory equipment parameters or requirements within the context of DOD 4640.11 of 21 December 1987 are identified through the use of the word “shall“. Desirable or recommended DOs are indicated within parentheses afte
30、r a mandatory parameter value or by use of the word “should“. 2 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-28 -2LIOA TC 7777721 0070735 7 MIL-STD-188-14OA 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 2.1 Government documents. 2.1.1 Specifications, standards
31、and handbooks. The following specifications, standards, and handbooks form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of these documents are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standards (DODISS) and s
32、upplement thereto, cited in the solicitation (see 6.2). STANDARDS FEDERAL FED-STD-1037 Glossary of Telecommunications Terms. DOD-STD- 1399/44 1 Interface Standard for Shipboard Systems Section 441 Precise Time and Time Interval (PTTI). DODISS Department of Defense Index of Specifications and Standar
33、ds MILITARY MIL-STD-463A Definitions and System of Units, Electromagnetic Interface and Electromagnetic Compatibility Technology. MIL-STD-188-100 Common Long Hau1 and Tactical Military Communications System Technical Standards. MIL-STD-188-114 Electrical Characteristics of Digital Interface Circuits
34、. 3 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-L -140A TC W 77797LL 0070736 7 W MIL-STD-188-140A MIL-STD-188-124 Grounding, Bonding and Shielding for Common Long HauUTactical Communications Systems. Mi-STD-188-461 Electromagnetic Emissio
35、n and Susceptibility Requirements for the Contrl of Electromagnetic Interference. MIL-STD-462 Electromagnetic Interference Characteristics, Measurement of. (Copies of specifications, standards, drawings, and publications required by contractors in connection with specific procurement functions shoul
36、d be obtained from the procuring activity or as directed by the contracting officer). 2.2 Non-Government publications. The following documents form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of the documents, which are DoD adopted are those listed
37、in the issue of the DODISS cited in the solicitation. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of documents not listed in the DODISS arethe issues of the documents cited in the solicitation (see 6.2). North Atlantic Treaty Organization Standardization Agreements (STANAGs) STANAG 4335 Technical Standar
38、ds for Single Channel STANAG 5026 STANAG 5030 LF Radio Equipment. Military Characteristics for Analogue Facsimile Equipment to Meet Meteorological Requirements. Single and Multi-Channel VLF and LF On-Line Broadcast and Off-Line OOK Systems. 4 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networkin
39、g permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-188-140A STANAG 5031 Introduction of Modern Radio Equipment for Naval HF-MF and LF S hor e-to-S hip Broadcast s. STANAG 5035 Introduction of an Improved System for Maritime Air Communications on HF, LF and UHF. (Copies of STANAGs required by suppliers
40、 in connection with specific procurement functions should be obtained from the procuring activity or as directed by the contracting officer). INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS General Secretariat of the International Telecommunication Union, Geneva (Available from the Radio Regulations iternational te-rcomm
41、unication Union, Place Des Nations, 1211 Geneva - 20, Switzerland. 2.3 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document and the references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regu
42、lations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 5 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-L -140A TC = 77777LL 0070738 2 MIL-STD-188-140A 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 Definitions of terms. Definitions of terms used in this standard are a
43、s specified in FED-STD-1037 and ITU radio regulations, article one, or as defined in appendix A. For purposes of this standard, definitions are provided for the following terms, some of which are repeated from ITU radio regulations and FED-STD-1037 for convenience and clarification. Single sideband.
44、 An amplitude modulated emission with one sideband only. Out-of-band emission. Emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions. (See also necessary bandwidth). Spurious emission. Emission o
45、n a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information. Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and frequency conversion products
46、, but exclude out-of-band emissions. Unwanted emissions. Consist of spurious emissions and out of band emissions. Minimum shift keying (MSK). MSK is a unique modulation technique which results in an FSK type of waveform with a modulation index of 0.5 vice the common FSK modulation index of 1.0. 3.2
47、Acronyms and abbreviations. Acronyms and abbreviations used in this document are defined below. Those that are also found in FED-STD-1037 have been included for convenience. 6 Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-AM ASCII Bd Bls CSK CTFS C
48、WFSK DoD DO ELF EM1 EMC FDM FSK ICW IRAC ITU JCS LF MCEB MF MSK NATO MIL-STD-188-140A Amplitude Modulation American Standard Code for Information Interchange (also known as USASCII) Baud Bits per second Compatible Shift Keying Central Time and Frequency System Continuous Wave Frequency Shift Keying Department of Defense Design Objective Extremely Low Frequency (30 Hz - 300 Hz) Electromagnetic Interference Electromagnetic Compatibility Frequency Division Multiplex Frequency Shift Keying Interrupted Continuous Wave Interdepartment Radio Advisory Com
