1、DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSEDESIGN CRITERIA STANDARDAIRCREW STATION ALERTING SYSTEMSAMSC N/A FSC 15GPINCH-POUNDMIL-STD-411F10 MARCH 1997SUPERSEDINGMIL-STD-411E1 MARCH 1991Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411FiiFOREWORD1. This standard
2、 is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department ofDefense.2. Revision E to MIL-STD-411 was prepared under the auspices of the tri-service and industryAircrew Station Standardization Panel (ASSP). The document has been updated to reflectcurrent technologies and methods of prese
3、nting alerting messages to the aircrew. Guidance hasbeen added and requirements established for electronic displays and night vision imaging systemcompatibility.3. Revision F to MIL-STD-411 has been prepared to reflect current DoD policy and proceduresfor standardization documents used by DoD and is
4、 redesignated as a Department of Defensedesign criteria standard.4. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data whichmay be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Commander, Naval AirWarfare Center Aircraft Division, Code 414100B120-3, Highwa
5、y 547, Lakehurst, NJ08733-5100, by using the Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426)appearing at the end of this document or by letter.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411FiiiCONTENTSPARAGRAPH PAGEFOREWORD
6、. ii1. SCOPE.11.1 Scope .11.2 Purpose. .11.3 Applicability12. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS.12.1 General.12.2 Government documents 12.2.1 Specifications, standards and handbooks .12.3 Order of precedence23. DEFINITIONS.23.1 Abbreviations and acronyms .3.2 Alert signal. 23.3 Angle of incidence 23.4 Annunciato
7、r23.5 Audio signal23.5.1 Audio caution/master warning signal.23.5.2 Audio warning/master warning signal33.5.3 Tone.33.5.4 Voice message 33.6 Contrast and contrast ratio33.7 Design eye line33.8 Design eye position.33.9 Display. 33.9.1 Dedicated alert display 33.9.2 Integrated display33.9.3 Transillum
8、inated display33.10 Flag 33.11 Indicator. 33.12 Tactile signal.33.13 Visual signal. 33.13.1 Advisory signal. 33.13.2 Annunicator assembly .33.13.3 Caution signal. 43.13.4 Legend signal. 43.13.5 Master caution signal 43.13.6 Master warning signal .43.13.7 Nonlegend signal.43.13.8 Warning signal . 4Pr
9、ovided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411FivCONTENTSPARAGRAPH PAGE4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS. .44.1 Aircrew station alerting system .44.1.1 Functional characteristics 44.1.2 Selection and presentation of signals. 44.1.2.1 Luminance contr
10、ast and levels.44.1.2.2 Selection of signals. 44.1.2.3 Presentation of signals.54.1.3 Signal displays 54.1.3.1 Legends. .54.1.3.2 Color 54.1.3.3 Luminance and contrast 54.1.3.3.1 Transilluminated displays 54.1.3.3.2 Electronic displays. .54.1.3.4 Lettering.54.1.3.5 Visual signal flash rate.54.1.3.6
11、Test systems .54.1.3.7 Alerting signals. 54.1.3.8 Cancellation of master warning/caution signal. 64.1.4 NVIS lighting compatibility. .64.1.4.1 Alerting system .65. DETAILED REQUIREMENTS.65.1 Dedicated signal assemblies.65.1.1 Signal perception. .65.1.1.1 Light signal luminance.65.1.2 Location and ar
12、rangement of signals. 65.1.3 Warning signals.65.1.3.1 Color 65.1.3.2 Legend75.1.3.3 Luminance 75.1.3.4 Presentation75.1.3.5 Master warning signal reset.75.1.3.6 Wheels warning legend (VSTOL aircraft)75.1.3.7 Wheels warning legend (VTOL aircraft)95.1.4 Caution signals95.1.4.1 Color. .95.1.4.2 Legend9
13、5.1.4.3 Luminance. .95.1.4.4 Presentation105.1.4.5 Master caution signal reset105.1.5 Advisory signals105.1.5.1 Color. .105.1.5.2 Legend105.1.5.3 Luminance. .105.1.5.4 Presentation105.2 Integrated alert displays. .115.2.1 Benefit11Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted
14、without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411FvCONTENTSPARAGRAPH PAGE5.2.2 Display type115.2.3 Number and location of displays115.2.4 Message presentation115.2.4.1 Warning messages.115.2.4.2 Caution messages115.2.4.3 Advisory messages125.2.5 Message format. .125.2.5.1 Syntax. .125.2.5.2 Priorization.125.
15、2.5.3 Overflow memory.125.2.5.4 Color coding.125.2.5.5 Minimum message duration.125.2.6 Options and control 125.2.6.1 Message prioritization.125.2.6.2 Inhibit logic.125.2.6.3 Storage and recall .135.2.7 Display luminance and contrast. 135.2.8 Display size.135.2.9 Character dimensions. .135.2.10 Main
16、tenance record.135.2.11 Test provisions135.3 Audio warning signals.135.3.1 Master warning signals135.3.2 Bail-out signal.145.3.3 Wheels-up signal.145.3.4 Audio angle of attack/airspeed/stall warning signal145.3.5 Nuclear radiation danger signal .145.3.6 Verbal audio warning signals.155.3.7 Other ver
17、bal audio signals .155.4 Mechanical visual signals.155.4.1 Color. .155.4.2 Markings. .155.4.3 Luminance 155.4.3.1 Flags.155.4.3.2 Indicators155.5 Tactile signals. 156. NOTES. .166.1 Intended use. 166.2 Issue of DoDISS.166.3 Tailoring guidance. .166.3.1 Alerting system options.166.4 Subject term (key
18、 word) listing. 176.5 International interest .17Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411FviCONTENTSPARAGRAPH PAGE6.6 Use of metric units176.7 Changes from previous issue .17FIGURE1. Legend presentation8TABLEI. Audio angle of attack
19、/airspeed/stall warning signal 14CONCLUDING MATERIAL . . 17Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411F11. SCOPE1.1 Scope. This standard covers aircraft aircrew station alerting systems including generalfunctions; operational logic; i
20、nformation content of messages; and physical characteristics of thealerting systems visual, auditory, and tactile signals.1.2 Purpose. The purpose of this standard is to establish uniform aircrew station alertingsystems to maximize recognizability. The use of new technology is encouraged where it ca
21、n bedemonstrated that the use of the technology will result in shorter aircrew response times andmore effective aircrew action subsequent to presentation of the alert.1.3 Applicability. The requirements specified herein apply to all aircrew station alertingsystems in aircraft acquired by the Departm
22、ent of Defense.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS2.1 General. The documents listed in this section are specified in sections 3, 4, and 5 of thisstandard. This section does not include documents cited in other sections of this standard orrecommended for additional information or as examples. While every effort
23、has been made toensure the completeness of this list, document users are cautioned that they must meet allspecified requirements documents cited in sections 3, 4, and 5 of this standard, whether or notthey are listed.2.2 Government documents.2.2.1 Specifications and standards. The following specific
24、ations and standards form a partof this document to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the issues of thesedocuments are those listed in the issue of the Department of Defense Index of Specifications andStandards (DoDISS) and supplement thereto, cited in the solicitation (see 6.
25、2).SPECIFICATIONSDEPARTMENT OF DEFENSEMIL-S-9320 - Signal, Warning, Audible, for Headset, Type MA-1MIL-M-18012 - Markings for Aircrew Station Displays, Design andConfiguration ofMIL-C-25050 - Colors, Aeronautical Lights, and Lighting Equipment,General Specification forMIL-L-25467 - Lighting, Integra
26、l, Red Aircraft Instrument, GeneralSpecification forMIL-L-85762 - Lighting, Aircraft, Interior, Night Vision Imaging System(NVIS) CompatibleSTANDARDSDEPARTMENT OF DEFENSEMIL-STD-203 - Aircrew Station Controls and Displays: Location,Arrangement and Actuation of, for Fixed Wing AircraftMIL-STD-783 - L
27、egends for Use in Aircrew Stations and on AirborneEquipmentProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411F2MIL-STD-1472 - Human Engineering Design Criteria for Military Systems,Equipment and Facilities(Unless otherwise indicated copies o
28、f the above specifications and standards are availablefrom the Standardization Document Order Desk, 700 Robbins Ave., Bldg. 4D, Philadelphia, PA19111-5094.)2.3 Order of precedence. In the event of a conflict between the text of this document andthe references cited herein, the text of this document
29、takes precedence. Nothing in thisdocument, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption hasbeen obtained.3. DEFINITIONS3.1 Abbreviations and acronyms. The abbreviations and acronyms used in this standard aredefined as follows:a. crt - cathode ray tubeb. db - decibe
30、lc. fc - footcandled. fL - footlamberte. Hz - Hertz (cycles per second)f. NVIS - night vision imaging systemg. VSTOL - vertical and short take off and landingh. VTOL - vertical take off and landing3.2 Alert signal. A signal which alerts the aicrew to the existence of a warning, caution, oradvisory c
31、ondition.3.3 Angle of incidence. The angle between the line of direction of anything (as a ray of lightor line of sight) striking a surface and a line perpendicular to that surface drawn to the point ofcontact.3.4 Annunciator. A cueing device which is activated only when required to provide status o
32、rcondition information of a warning, caution, or advisory nature to the aircrew. An annunciatormay be any mechanically, electrically, or electronically driven device used to produce an audio,visual or tactual cue, verbal message, or any similar alerting signal.3.5 Audio signal. A signal which is hea
33、rd rather than seen or felt.3.5.1 Audio caution/master caution signal. An audible signal which indicates the existenceof a particular impending dangerous condition requiring attention, but not necessarily immediateaction.Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without li
34、cense from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411F33.5.2 Audio warning/master warning signal. An audible signal which indicates the existenceof a particular hazardous condition requiring immediate corrective action.3.5.3 Tone. A sound with definable regularity of oscillation or no oscillation (steady tone).3.5.4 Voice
35、 message. An audio signal with a verbal communication format.3.6 Contrast and contrast ratio. For the purposes of this standard, contrast (C) is defined as:where L(T) is the total luminance (image plus background) and L(B) is the luminance of thebackground portion. Contrast ratio defined as L(T)/L(B
36、) and is one more than the contrast.3.7 Design eye line. The design eye line is a segment of the over the nose vision lineconnecting two points which represents the predicted eye positions of the extremes of the aircrewpopulation.3.8 Design eye position. The design eye position is the midpoint of th
37、e design eye line fromwhich all crewstation dimensions are related and referenced.3.9 Display. A device which presents information to one or more aircrew members via oneor more of the senses.3.9.1 Dedicated alert display. A display whose sole purpose is to present alert signals.3.9.2 Integrated disp
38、lay. A display which can operate in several modes or functions, one ofwhich is the presentation of alert signals.3.9.3 Transilluminated display. A display in which the light passes from behind the displaysurface through translucent portions.3.10 Flag. A visual mechanical or electromechanical device
39、used to show a change in thestatus of an indicator, instrument, or its associated system.3.11 Indicator. A display device, usually mechanical or electromechanical, which indicatesdiscrete conditions or status of a system.3.12 Tactial signal. A signal which is felt rather than seen or heard.3.13 Visu
40、al signal. A signal which is seen rather than heard or felt.3.13.1 Advisory signal. A visual signal which indicates a safe or normal configuration,condition of performance or operation of essential equipment, or attracts attention and impartsinformation for routine action purposes.3.13.2 Annunciator
41、 assembly. A grouped assembly of two or more warning, caution, oradvisory legend signals arranged categorically or functionally.L(T)-L(B)L(B)C =Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411F43.13.3 Caution signal. A visual signal which
42、indicates the existence of a condition requiringimmediate attention but not immediate action.3.13.4 Legend signal. A visual signal containing alphanumeric characters or symbols.3.13.5 Master caution signal. A visual signal which indicates that one or more cautionsignals have been energized.3.13.6 Ma
43、ster warning signal. A visual signal which indicates that one or more warningsignals have been energized.3.13.7 Nonlegend signal. A visual signal which has no alphanumeric characters or signalsarranged categorically or functionally.3.13.8 Warning signal. A visual signal which indicates the existence
44、 of a hazardouscondition requiring immediate action to prevent loss of life, equipment damage, or abortion of themission.4. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS4.1 Aircrew station alerting system.4.1.1 Functional requirements. The following requirements are considered requisites in thedesign of an effective alertin
45、g system:a. Should not give audible and visible caution and warning alerts when all systems areoperating normally.b. Should reduce aircrew information assimilation and memory demands.c. Should minimize the time required for the aircrew to detect and to assess failureconditions and to initiate correc
46、tive actions.d. Should provide visual alerts which can be detected and understood easily under highaltitude, high ambient light and critical conditions; such as, high-G, high workload, high stress,low light level.e. Should be standardized to maximize recognizability.f. Should provide for alerting sy
47、stem growth capability in a form that does not necessitateadditional system components.4.1.2 Selection and presentation of signals.4.1.2.1 Luminance contrast and levels. Visual signals shall be presented and located toprovide a perceptible luminance contrast to minimize the effects of excessive ambi
48、ent light. Atany location, the signals shall have a luminance and contrast that is fully readable and easilyrecognizable in a 10,000 fc lighting environment.4.1.2.2 Selection of signals. The selection of signals, visual versus audio, shall be inaccordance with MIL-STD-1472. Specific signals shall be
49、 provided to furnish theProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-MIL-STD-411F5aircrew all information for operation and maintenance functions as required by the acquiringactivity (see 6.3.1). Conditions which fall into the warning, caution, or advisory category shall bebased on the aircrafts subsystems, its roles and mis
