1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationANSI C78.377-2015Electric Lamps Specifications for theChromaticity of Solid-state LightingProductsANSI C78.377-2015 American National Standard for Electric Lamps Specifications for the Chromaticity of Solid-state Lighting Product
2、s Secretariat: National Electrical Manufacturers Association Approved June 17, 2015 American National Standards Institute, Inc. 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons en
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18、rrent information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, Inc. Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900, Rosslyn, VA 22209 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association All rights, including translatio
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20、m or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ANSI C78.377-2015 ii 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI C78.377-2015) This is a revised standard recently updated by the industry.
21、Suggestions for improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to: Secretary, ASC C78 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 900 Rosslyn, VA 22209 This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Accredited Standards Committee
22、on Electric Lamps, C78, and its Work Group, C78WG09. Approval of the standard is not meant to imply that all Work Group members voted to approve it. Andrew Jackson, Chair, ASC C78 Jianzhong Jiao, Technical Coordinator, C78.377 Karen B. Willis, Secretary, ASC C78 ANSI C78.377-2015 2015 National Elect
23、rical Manufacturers Association iii Contents Page Foreword ii Introduction . 1 1 Scope . 1 1.1 PATENT DISCLAIMER . 1 2 Normative References . 1 3 Definitions . 2 4 Chromaticity . 2 4.1 BASIS 2 4.2 NOMINAL CCT AND TARGET CCT . 2 4.3 SPECIFICATIONS 2 Annex A 7-STEP QUADRANGLES 4 A1 Background Informat
24、ion 4 A2 Coordinate of Four Corners 4 A3 Flexible CCT . 7 Annex B 4-STEP QUADRANGLES 9 B1 Specifications for 4-step Quadrangles 9 B2 Flexible CCT . 11 Annex C 4-STEP uv CIRCLES . 12 C1 Specifications for 4-step uv Circles . 12 C2 Flexible CCT . 14 Annex D CONVERSIONS BETWEEN CCT, Duv AND (x, y) OR (
25、u, v) . 15 D1 Conversion from CCT, Duv to (x, y) or (u, v) 15 D2 Calculation of Duv from (x, y) or (u, v) 16 Annex E INFORMATIVE REFERENCES 18 ANSI C78.377-2015 iv 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association ANSI C78.377-2015 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1 Introduction T
26、he purposes of this standard are, first, to specify the range of chromaticities recommended for general lighting with solid-state lighting products to ensure high-quality white light and, second, to categorize chromaticities with given tolerances so that the white light chromaticity of the products
27、can be communicated to consumers. For this second purpose, the existing chromaticity standard (ANSI C78.376) for fluorescent lamps (FLRs) uses six nominal correlated color temperatures (CCTs), some of which are given names, such as Warm White (3000 K), Cool White (4100 K), and Daylight (6500 K). The
28、se names are often printed on product packages to communicate nominal CCT of the products to consumers. 2700 K and 5000 K, however, do not have names. Each of the six FLR lamp nominal CCTs has tolerances given as ellipses in the CIE 1931 (x, y) chromaticity diagram. Four-step MacAdam ellipses are us
29、ed in ANSI C78.376; seven-step MacAdam ellipses and seven-step quadrangles are used in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencys (EPA) ENERGY STAR specification for Lamps, v1.0. This chromaticity specification for Light Emitting Diode (LED) products was developed to establish an alignment with exist
30、ing FLR standards, enabling the consistent appearance of various light sources within spaces where multiple technologies are employed. The use of quadrangles to specify the chromaticities comprising the nominal CCTs increases the overall yield, complying with this standard while acknowledging that c
31、hromaticities previously excluded (i.e., within the quadrangles but outside the corresponding MacAdam ellipses) are nonetheless very useful in many applications. This standard provides a basis for specifying chromaticity, explanation of a nominal CCT, target CCT, Duv, and details of SSL chromaticity
32、 requirements. In this 2014 revision, the specifications for nominal CCTs of 2200 K and 2500 K have been added. The annex in this document provides the background information of this standard and tables and graphical representations of the specifications in this standard, as well as those of tighter
33、 specifications expected in the future. 1 Scope The purpose of this standard is to specify the range of chromaticities recommended for general lighting with solid state lighting (SSL) products, as well as to ensure that the white light chromaticities of the products can be communicated to consumers.
34、 This standard applies to LED lamps, LED light engines and LED luminaires for general indoor lighting applications. This document does not apply to lighting fixtures sold without a light source. This standard does not apply to SSL products for outdoor applications. This standard also does not apply
35、to SSL products for some indoor applications that intentionally produce tinted or colored light. This document does not include OLED products. 1.1 PATENT DISCLAIMER At the time of publication, it was possible that some elements of this document might be the subject of patent rights. When this standa
36、rd was approved for publication, the Accredited Standards Committee C78 and the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) did not know of any patent applications, patents pending, or existing patents. ASC C78 shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. 2 N
37、ormative References All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below: CIE 15: 2004, Commission Internationale de lEclairage, Co
38、lorimetry, 3rd edition ANSI C78.377-2015 2 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association ANSI/IES RP-16-10, Nomenclature and Definitions for Illuminating Engineering 3 Definitions Terms used in this document, such as LED lamp and LED luminaire are defined in ANSI/IES RP-16-10, Nomenclature and
39、Definitions for Illuminating Engineering. 4 Chromaticity 4.1 BASIS The chromaticity coordinates and CCT values used in this standard are based on the CIE colorimetry system. While the chromaticity of light is expressed by chromaticity coordinates, such as (x, y) and (u, v), the chromaticity of white
40、 light can also be expressed by CCT and the distance from the Planckian locus. CCT is a more intuitive measure of the shade of white light than (x, y) or (u, v). Since CCT is defined based on the (u, 2/3v) chromaticity diagram, the distance from the Planckian locus should be determined on the same d
41、iagram. It should be expressed as a signed value to indicate whether the chromaticity is above or below the Planckian locus. As such a distance parameter with respect to the Planckian locus is not officially defined by the CIE, “Duv” (symbol: Duv) is defined in this document as the closest distance
42、from the Planckian locus on the (u, 2/3v) diagram, with “+” for above and “-” for below the Planckian locus. 4.2 NOMINAL CCT AND TARGET CCT Nominal CCT is used to specify and communicate white light chromaticity information of a product and, in this document, is a CCT value at 100 K steps that is cl
43、osest to the target CCT of the product. A target CCT is the CCT value that the product is designed to produce. Individual samples of the product may deviate from the target CCT due to production variation, which is normally controlled to be within a production tolerance. The same applies to target D
44、uv. The target CCT and target Duv are also the center points of the tolerance range of these parameters in this document. 4.3 SPECIFICATIONS SSL products included in this standard shall have chromaticity values that fall into one of the nominal CCT categories listed in Table 1. SSL products with a g
45、iven nominal CCT shall have the defined target CCT and Duv, and the values of individual samples shall be within the tolerances of CCT and Duv as listed in Table 1. Measurement of chromaticity shall be made in accordance with methods given in the measurement standard IES LM-79-08. ANSI C78.377-2015
46、2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association 3 Table 1 Nominal CCT Categories Nominal CCT (K) Target CCT and Tolerance (K) Target Duv Duv Tolerance Range 2200 2238 102 0.0000 Tx: CCT of the source For Tx 2870 K 0.000 0.0060 For Tx 2870 K Duv (Tx) 0.0060 where Duv (Tx) = 57700 x (1/Tx)2 44.6 x
47、(1/Tx) + 0.00854 2500 2460 120 0.0000 2700 2725 145 0.0000 3000 3045 175 0.0001 3500 3465 245 0.0005 4000 3985 275 0.0010 4500 4503 243 0.0015 5000 5029 283 0.0020 5700 5667 355 0.0025 6500 6532 510 0.0031 Flexible CCT (2200- 6500) TF1) T2) Duv(TF)3) 1) TF is chosen to be at 100 K steps (2300, 2400,
48、 ., 6400 K), excluding the ten nominal CCTs listed in Table 1. 2) T = 1.1900 x 10-8 x T 3 1.5434 x 10-4 x T 2 + 0.7168 x T 902.55 3) Same as in the Duv Tolerance Range. ANSI C78.377-2015 4 2015 National Electrical Manufacturers Association Annex A 7-STEP QUADRANGLES A1 Background Information This ch
49、romaticity specification for SSL products was developed, on one hand, to be consistent with existing fluorescent lamp (FLR) standards, since many applications of SSL products are considered to be for replacement of existing FLRs and luminaires, as well as for incandescent lamps. On the other hand, there are several different requirements to be considered to best reflect the current (and near future) state of the SSL technologies. Since SSL technologies are developing, manufacturing control of chromaticity o
