1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA FI 2-1992 (R2004)Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation2004 Errata to Page 1 of NEMA Standards Publication FI 2-1992 (RI999 R2004) Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation Published by: National Elect
2、rical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847 Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 www . nema. org O Copyright by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention
3、for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time
4、it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one,
5、are developed through a voluntary consensus standards development process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the
6、development of consensus, it does not write the document and it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury,
7、property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, expressed or implied, as to the
8、accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or se
9、rvices by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone us
10、ing this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available fr
11、om other sources, which the user may wish to consult for additional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or install
12、ations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or other statement of compliance with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. 2004 Errata to FI 2-1992 (RI999 R2004
13、) Page 1 To: From: NEMA Communications Department Date: December 2, 2004 Re: Errata for FI 2-1992 (RI999 R2004) Current Holders of FI 2-1992 (RI999 R2004) The present publication of NEMA FI 2-1992 (RI999 R2004), Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation, has the following errata: In Sectio
14、n 1, Definitions and References, on page 1. Please mark the changes in your copy of the standard. From: 1.2.1.1 APPARENT DENSITY Apparent density is the mass of the mica paper per unit volume and is expressed as g/cm3. To: 1.2.1.1 APPARENT DENSITY Apparent density is the mass of the mica paper per u
15、nit volume and is expressed as g/cm3. (The number 3 is superscript.) From: 1.2.1.3 AQUEOUS To: 1.2.1.3 AQUEOUS EXTRACT CONDUCTIVITY (Extract Conductivity has been added.) From: 1.2.1.5 ELECTRIC BREAKDOWN To: 1.2.1.5 ELECTRIC BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE (Voltage has been added.) Thank you for your assistance i
16、n this matter. We apologize for any inconvenience this causes. O Copyright by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. NEMA Standards Publication No. FI 2-1992 (R1999) Untreated Mica Paper Used for Electrical Insulation Published by: National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North
17、 17th Street, Suite 1847 Rosslyn, VA 22209 O Copyright 2003 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the
18、International and Pan American Copyright Conventions. NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER The information in this publication was considered technically sound by the consensus of persons engaged in the development and approval of the document at the time it was developed. Consensus does not necessarily mean that
19、there is unanimous agreement among every person participating in the development of this document. The National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) standards and guideline publications, of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a voluntary consensus standards devel
20、opment process. This process brings together volunteers and/or seeks out the views of persons who have an interest in the topic covered by this publication. While NEMA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not write the document an
21、d it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy or completeness of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards and guideline publications. NEMA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whethe
22、r special, indirect, consequential, or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, application, or reliance on this document. NEMA disclaims and makes no guaranty or warranty, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein,
23、 and disclaims and makes no warranty that the information in this document will fulfill any of your particular purposes or needs. NEMA does not undertake to guarantee the performance of any individual manufacturer or sellers products or services by virtue of this standard or guide. In publishing and
24、 making this document available, NEMA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity, nor is NEMA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent j
25、udgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. Information and other standards on the topic covered by this publication may be available from other sources, which the user may wish to consult for addi
26、tional views or information not covered by this publication. NEMA has no power, nor does it undertake to police or enforce compliance with the contents of this document. NEMA does not certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for safety or health purposes. Any certification or ot
27、her statement of compliance with any health or safety-related information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. NEVA FIX2 92 6470247 0503734 113 U NEMA Standards Publication No. FI 2-1992 UNTREATED MICA PAPER U
28、SED FOR ELECTRICAL INSULATION Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association 2101 L. Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20037 621993 by National Electrical Manufacturers Association FI 2-1992 TABLE OF CONTENTS pa Foreword i Scope i 1 References . 1 CLASSIFICATION OF U“ED MICA PAPERS Muscovite M
29、ica Paper. Uncalcined (nfi and Not Chemically Treated. LargeFiakeS ize . 3 Muscovite Mica Paper. Uncalcined (nf) and Not Chemically Tmted.MediumFiakeSize . 3 Muscovite Mica Paper. partially Calcined (Fired) or Chemically Treated. or both. Fine Flake Size . 4 Muscovite Mica Paper. Capacitor Grade. Fi
30、ne Flake Size 4 Phlogopite Mica Paper. Uncalcined (Unfired) and Not Chemically Treated. Medium Flake Size . 5 OrderingInformation . 7 Packaging . 7 Marking and Identification 7 Specimens and Conditioning . 9 Appearance and Visual Inspection . 9 Thickness and Thickness Variafion 9 Basis Weight and We
31、ight Variation 9 Apparent Density . 10 Tensile Strength 10 Penetration (Impregnation) Time . 10 Eiecmc Strength 10 Air Resistance-Porosity . 10 Moisture Content 11 Aqueous Extract Conductivity . 11 RoliQuaiity 11 Establishment of Acceptable Quality Levels (AQLs) . 12 Section 1 DEFIMTIONS ANDREFERENC
32、ES Definitions and Chemical Composition Section 2 Section 3 MANUFACTURING Section 4 TEST METHODS NEMA FI*2 92 6470247 0503936 T9b FI 2-1992 Page i Foreword These standards have been developed and revised over a period of years in close coordination with user needs. The Flexible Insulation and Mica S
33、ection of NEMA reviews these standards periodically for any revisions necessary to keep them up to date. Proposed revisions or comments should be submit- ted to: Vice President, Engineering Department National Eiecmcai Manufacturers Association 2101 L. Sueet, N.W., Suite 300 Washington,DC 20037 scop
34、e This Standards Publication covers the procedures, conditions, and methods of sampling and testing properties of untreated mica paper used as electrical insulation or as a component in a composite used for elecmcai insulating purposes. The tables in Section 2 are typicai of commercially available m
35、ica papers. Actual property values are to be established between buyer and seller, NENA FIX2 92 6470247 0503937 922 FI 2-1992 Page 1 Section 1 DEFINITIONS AND REFERENCES 1.1 REFERENCED STANDARDS In this publication, reference is made to the standards listed below. American Society for Testing and Ma
36、teriais 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 ASTM D374-88 ASTM D726-84 ASTM DI 677-86 ASTM D363 weight varktion is a measure of the difference in weight uniformity across the full width of the sheet. 1.2.1.5 ELECTRIC BREAKDOWN Electric breakdown voltage is the voltage at which electrical breakdow
37、n of a mica paper specimen between two electrodes occurs under prescribed conditions of test. 1.2.1.6 ELECTRIC STRENGTH Electric strength is the ratio of the dielecmc break- down voltage to the thickness of the mica paper tested. 1.2.1.7 TENSILE STRENGTH Tensile strength is the force required to rup
38、ture ar break a test specimen of definite width and length, cut Apparent density is the mass of the mica paper per unit from each principle direction, that is, machinedirection and cross-machine direction, of the mica paper condi- tioned and tested as specified. 1.2.1.8 THICKNESS Thickness is the me
39、asure of the average perpendicular distance between the two principal surtaces of the mica paper as determined in accordance with ASTM D1677. 1.2.1.9 THICKNESS VARIATION ickness variation is a measure of the nonunifmity (or uniformity) of adjacent and nearby areas of a given sample of mica paper acr
40、oss its N1 width. 1.2.1.1 O MICA PAPER Mica paper is defined as flexible, continuous, and uniform layers of mica reconstituted into a paper-like, electrid insulating matenai composed entirely of small, thin, overlapping flakes or piatelets. and which has suf- ficient strength to be self-supporting a
41、nd U, be capable of being wound into roii form for commercial use. Mica paper as defined by this standard shail contain no binders, adhesives, fareign mater, or coloiing agents. and shail be substantially free of any substance which will ad- versely affect its performance as electrical insulating ma
42、terial. 1.2.1.11 MOISTURE CONTENT Moisture content is the loss in weight of the mica paper, as received, expressed as a percentage of the original weight of the specimen, after it has been dried under specified conditions of time and tempemture. FI 2-1992 Page 2 1.2.1.12 PENETRATION TIME Penetration
43、 time is the time in seconds required for a liquid of definite composition and specific gravity to penetrate completely, that is. at least 95 percent of the area, from one surface of the mica paper to the otha under specified conditions. 1.2.2 Chemical Composition of Type M-Muscovite (Granitic) Type
44、 M-Muscovite (granitic) is sometimes called India, white. ruby, or potassium mica and is repented by typical, idealized chemical formulas K2Al4Al2Si602D(OH)4 and HzKA13(Si04)3. However, some naarral micas may contain other elements as iw morphous replacements in varying proportions. 1.23 Chemical Co
45、mposition of Type P-Phlogopte (Pyroxenic) Type P-phlogopite (pyroxenic) is sometimes re by typical idealized chemical formulas KzMgs and the volume in cubic centimeters of air displaced. 4.10 ORGANIC MATERIAL 4.10.2 Significance Mica paper is made from pure naiural mica and, thete fore, it should po
46、ssess the excellent electrical properties of natural mica. Organic maner in mica paper wiil be present as an undesirable contaminant which should be held u, as low a level as good cornmerciai practice will allow. 4.10.2 Procedure Ds, mica paper sample to constant weight at 248OF (120C) and then cool
47、 in desiccator and weigh. Place in suitable dried and weighed crucible and place in furnace for 30 minutes at 932F (SOOC). Cool in desiccator and weigh. Determine weight loss and calculate percent weight loss or percent organic malerial. 4.1 1 MOISTURE CONTENT 4.1 1.1 Significance Excessive moisture
48、 content will significantly weaken untreated mica paper and can result in poor handling charactensticsandlow tearandtensilebreakingsmgths when theroll isunwound. It mayaisocausepoiarimpreg- nants, or impregnants which are dissolved in polar sol- vents, to impregnate to a higher degree, or at a fasm
49、rate, or both, than is desired Excessive moisture content may also contribute to blistering of the mica paper when these impregnants are subsequently dried with heat. It may. in addition, cause contiguous layers of unaeatedmicapaper in the roll 1 stick to each other (blocking), making unwinding difficult or impossible. Very high levels of moisture over prolonged periods of time may also cause softening and weakening of the cardbaud co upon which the mica paper is customarily wound. The effects of excessively low moisture contents are not generally as deleterious, although they
