1、NEMA Standards PublicationNational Electrical Manufacturers AssociationNEMA ICS 61800-4-2004Adjustable Speed Electrical Power Drive Systems Part 4: General RequirementsRating Specifications for a.c. Power Drive Systems above 1000 V a.c. and Not Exceeding 35 kVNEMA Standards Publication ICS 61800-4-2
2、004 Adjustable Speed Electrical Power Drive Systems Part 4: General RequirementsRating Specifications for a.c. Power Drive Systems above 1000 V a.c. and Not Exceeding 35 kV Published by: National Electrical Manufacturers Association 1300 North 17th Street, Suite 1847 Rosslyn, Virginia 22209 www.nema
3、.org Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. All rights including translation into other languages, reserved under the Universal Copyright Convention, the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and the International and Pan American Copyright
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13、ealth or safetyrelated information in this document shall not be attributable to NEMA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. ICS 61800-4-2004 Page i Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. CONTENTS Page Foreword . v Clause 1 GENERAL
14、1.1 Scope and Object.1 2 NORMATIVE REFERENCES 3 DEFINITIONS 3.1 System. 6 3.1.1 a.c. power drive system (PDS). 6 3.1.2 point of coupling . 8 3.1.3 harmonic filter. 8 3.1.4 regeneration . 8 3.1.5 PDS efficiency, D. 8 3.1.6 power conversion efficiency, C8 3.1.7 fundamental frequency. 8 3.1.8 fundament
15、al component (or fundamental) . 9 3.1.9 harmonic frequency (order h). 9 3.1.10 harmonic component 9 3.1.11 interharmonic frequency. 9 3.1.12 interharmonic component. 9 3.1.13 harmonic content, HC. 9 3.1.14 total harmonic distortion, THD 10 3.1.15 total distortion content, DC. 10 3.1.16 total distort
16、ion ratio, TDR 10 3.1.17 total distortion factor, TDF 11 3.1.18 individual harmonic distortion, IDR. 11 3.1.19 characteristic current harmonics 11 3.1.20 rated voltage. 11 3.1.21 rated fundamental voltage 11 3.1.22 rated a.c. current 12 3.1.23 rated fundamental current 12 3.1.24 overload capability
17、12 3.2 PDS Input Parameters 12 3.2.1 line-side input power, PL12 3.2.2 line-side input apparent power, SL12 3.2.3 input total power factor, L. 12 3.2.4 voltage unbalance (imbalance) 13 3.2.5 supply transient overvoltage 13 3.2.6 supply transient energy 13 3.3 Converter. 14 3.3.1 converter section (v
18、oltage above 1kV). 14 3.3.2 converter input filter 14 3.3.3 converter d.c. link voltage, Ud. 14 3.3.4 converter d.c. link current, Id. 14 3.3.5 snubber (circuit) 14 3.3.6 d.c. link . 14 3.3.7 converter output filter 14 3.3.8 a.c. converter output power, Pa1. 14 3.3.9 apparent converter output power,
19、 Sa. 15 3.3.10 dynamic short-circuit output current. 15 3.3.11 operating frequency range . 15 3.4 PDS Output Parameters 15 ICS 61800-4-2004 Page ii Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. 3.4.1 load envelope . 15 3.4.2 minimum operating speed, Nmin. 15 3.4.3 maximum oper
20、ating speed, Nmax15 3.4.4 base speed, N0. 15 3.4.5 field weakening operation 16 3.4.6 air-gap torque pulsation . 16 3.5 Control. 16 3.5.1 control system 16 3.5.2 controlled variable 16 3.5.3 service variable 16 3.5.4 operating variable. 16 3.5.5 open-loop control 16 3.5.6 feedback control/closed-loo
21、p control . 16 3.5.7 stimulus 16 3.5.8 disturbance. 16 3.5.9 time response. 17 3.5.10 step response. 17 3.6 Tests 17 3.6.1 type test 17 3.6.2 routine test 17 3.6.3 sampling test 17 3.6.4 special test . 17 3.6.5 acceptance test 17 3.6.6 commissioning test. 17 3.6.7 stimulus 18 3.6.8 separate componen
22、t test 18 3.6.9 drive system test 18 3.7 Symbols. 18 3.6.1 type test 17 4 OVERVIEW OF DRIVE SYSTEM TOPOLOGIES 4.1 Topologies Classification 21 4.2 Converter Configuration 21 4.2.1 Indirect converter 21 4.2.2 Direct converter 22 4.2.3 Commutation mode 22 4.3 Motor Type 22 4.4 By-Pass and Redundant Co
23、nfigurations. 23 4.5 Regenerative and Dynamic Braking 24 4.5.1 Regenerative braking . 24 4.5.2 Dynamic braking. 25 5 SERVICE CONDITIONS 5.1 Installation and Operation . 26 5.1.1 Electrical service conditions . 26 5.1.2 Environmental service conditions. 29 5.1.3 Commissioning. 31 5.2 Transportation .
24、 31 5.2.1 Climatic conditions . 31 5.2.2 Mechanical conditions 32 5.3 Storage of Equipment 32 5.3.1 General. 32 5.3.2 Climatic conditions . 33 5.3.3 Specific storage hazards 33 6 RATINGS 6.1 Power Drive System (PDS). 34 ICS 61800-4-2004 Page iii Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturer
25、s Association. 6.1.1 General. 34 6.1.2 PDS input ratings . 34 6.1.3 PDS output ratings . 34 6.1.4 PDS efficiency and losses 35 6.1.5 PDS overload capability . 36 6.2 Converter. 37 6.2.1 Converter input ratings. 37 6.2.2 Convert output ratings 37 6.2.3 Efficiency and losses 38 6.3 Transformer. 39 6.4
26、 Motor 39 6.4.1 Motor input ratings 39 6.4.2 Motor output ratings . 39 7 CONTROL PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 7.1 Steady State Performance 41 7.1.1 Steady state . 41 7.1.2 Deviation band . 41 7.1.3 Selection of deviation band (steady state) . 42 7.2 Dynamic Performance. 42 7.2.1 General. 42 7.2.2 Time r
27、esponses 43 7.2.3 Frequency response of the control. 47 7.3 Process Control Interface Performance 48 7.3.1 General. 48 7.3.2 Analog input performance 48 7.3.3 Analog output performance 49 7.3.4 Digital input performance . 49 7.3.5 Digital output performance . 50 7.3.6 Performance of communication li
28、nks . 50 8 PDS MAIN COMPONENTS 8.1 Responsibilities . 51 8.2 Transformer. 52 8.2.1 Introduction. 52 8.2.2 Specification and rating 52 8.2.3 Impedances 54 8.2.4 Common mode and d.c. voltages 54 8.2.5 Specific requirements. 55 8.3 Converter and Associated Controls 55 8.3.1 Object . 55 8.3.2 Design req
29、uirements 56 8.4 Motor 57 8.4.1 Introduction. 57 8.4.2 Design requirements 57 8.4.3 Performance requirements. 57 8.4.4 Mechanical system integration requirements. 58 8.4.5 Voltage stress of the motor winding insulation system 59 8.4.6 Designation of essential data . 63 9 PDS INTEGRATION REQUIREMENTS
30、 9.1 General Conditions 65 9.1.1 Overview. 65 9.2 Special Conditions. 66 9.2.1 Interactions between drive components 66 9.2.2 Information to be exchanged 67 9.3 Integration of Components with Voltages above 1,000 V. 68 ICS 61800-4-2004 Page iv Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers
31、Association. 9.3.1 Overview. 68 9.3.2 Transformation integration . 68 9.3.3 Earthing requirements 69 9.3.4 Insulation requirements due to converter operation 71 9.3.5 Internal power interface requirements . 72 9.4 Protection Interface . 72 9.5 Basic System Protection . 72 9.6 Motor Protection 73 9.7
32、 Transformer Protection 72 9.8 Driven Equipment Interface. 76 9.8.1 Critical speeds 76 9.8.2 Tensional analysis 76 9.9 Product Marking, Installation, and Maintenance Information 77 9.9.1 Marking and labeling 77 9.9.2 Motor Information . 78 9.10 Instructional Information 78 9.11 With Converter Only 7
33、8 9.12 Permissible Operating Speed . 79 10 TESTS 10.1 Performance of Tests 80 10.2 Items of Individual PDS Component Tests . 80 10.3 Drive System Tests . 84 10.3.1 General. 84 10.3.2 Test set-up . 84 10.3.3 Steady state performance tests . 86 10.3.4 Dynamic performance tests . 88 10.3.5 Back-to-back
34、 tests 89 10.3.6 Zero power factor test 89 11 EFFICIENCY DETERMINATION 11.1 General 91 11.2 Segregated Loss Method 93 11.2.1 General. 93 11.2.2 Transformer losses. 93 11.2.3 Power converter . 94 11.2.4 Inverter . 94 11.2.5 Motor losses . 95 11.3 Full Load System Test. 97 11.3.1 General. 97 11.3.2 Tr
35、ansformer losses. 97 11.3.3 Converter losses 97 11.3.4 Motor losses . 98 11.3.5 Harmonic filter 98 11.3.6 Total drive system efficiency 98 Annexes A MOST COMMONLY USED DRIVE SYSTEM TOPOLOGIES. 100 B SPEED CONTROL PERFORMANCE AND THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM 112 C POWER SEMICONDUCTOR LOSSES. 118 D APPLICATI
36、ON GUIDE FOR LINE REACTORS AND INPUT TRANSFORMERS 127 ICS 61800-4-2004 Page v Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Foreword This document is an adaptation of the IEC Standard 61800-4 with the addition of requirements pertinent to use of these devices in the U.S. U.S.
37、differences are indicated with (U.S. Differences) and italics. 1) The IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of the IEC is to promote international co-op
38、eration on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, the IEC publishes International Standards. Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt
39、with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. The IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determine
40、d by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of the IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested National Committees
41、. 3) The documents produced have the form of recommendations for international use and are published in the form of standards, technical specifications, technical reports or guides and they are accepted by the National Committees in that sense. 4) In order to promote international unification, IEC N
42、ational Committees undertake to apply IEC International Standards transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional standards. Any divergence between the IEC Standard and the corresponding national or regional standard shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) The IEC pr
43、ovides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with one of its standards. 6) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. The
44、 IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61800-4 was prepared by IEC sub-committee 22G: Semiconductor power converters for adjustable speed electric drive systems, of IEC technical committee 22: Power electronic systems and equipmen
45、t. Annexes A, B and C are for information only. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until 2008. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed; withdrawn; replaced by a revised edition, or amended. ICS 61800-4-2004 Page vi Copyright 2004 by the Na
46、tional Electrical Manufacturers Association. ICS 61800-4-2004 Page 1 Copyright 2004 by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association. Section 1 GENERAL 1.1 SCOPE AND OBJECT It applies to power drive systems (see figure 1) with converter voltages (line-to-line voltage), between 1 kV a.c. and 35 k
47、V a.c., input side 50 Hz or 60 Hz, and load side frequencies up to 600 Hz. Requirements for voltages above 15 kV are not included and are defined by agreement between the manufacturer and the system supplier. For power drive systems, with voltages above 1 kV, using a step-down input transformer and/
48、or a step-up output transformer in connection with a low voltage converter (below 1 000 V), IEC 61800-2 applies. EMC aspects are covered in IEC 61800-3. U.S. NOTE: EMC Immunity and Emission requirements of IEC 61800-3 are not applicable within the U.S. Specific safety requirements for drive systems
49、with voltage above 1 kV will be covered in IEC 61800-5. This standard gives the characteristics of the converters, their topologies and their relationship with the complete a.c. drive system. It also states their performance requirements with respect to ratings, normal operating conditions, overload conditions, surge withstand capabilities, stability, protection, a.c. line earthing, topologies and testing. Furthermore, it deals with application guidelines, such as control strategies, torsion analysis, recommendations for earthing and drive system component integr
