1、NFPA1982 Standard on Personal Alert Safety Systems (PASS) 2013 Edition NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471 An International Codes and Standards Organization IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPADOCUMENTSNOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFPA DOCUMENTSN
2、FPAcodes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”), of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied
3、 viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus on fire and other safety issues. While the NFPA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of an
4、y judgments contained in NFPA Documents. The NFPA disclaims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on NFPA Documents. T
5、he NFPA also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing and making NFPA Documents available, the NFPA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the NFPA undertakin
6、g to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The NFPA has no
7、 power, nor does it undertake, to police or enforce compliance with the contents of NFPA Documents. Nor does the NFPA list, certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of thi
8、s document shall not be attributable to the NFPA and is solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. 12 /12ISBN: 978-145590609-3 (Print)ISBN: 978-145590655-0 (PDF)REMINDER: UPDATING OF NFPA DOCUMENTSUsers of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Doc
9、uments”) should be aware that NFPA Documents may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An official NFPA Document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendment and
10、any Errata then in effect.In order to determine whether an NFPA Document has been amended through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, visit the Document Information Pages on NFPAs website. The Document Information Pages provide up-to-date, document specific informati
11、on including any issued Tentative Interim Amendments and Errata.To access the Document Information Page for a specific NFPA Document go to http:/www.nfpa.org/document for a list of NFPA Documents, and click on the appropriate Document number (e.g., NFPA 101). In addition to posting all existing Tent
12、ative Interim Amendments and Errata, the Document Information Page also includes the option to sign-up for an “Alert” feature to receive an email notification when new updates and other information are posted regarding the document. IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPADOCUMENTSADDITIONA
13、L NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERSUpdating of NFPA Documents Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Documents”) should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of Tent
14、ative Interim Amendments. An official NFPA Document at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendments and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended
15、 through the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected through the issuance of Errata, consult appropriate NFPA publications such as the National Fire CodesSubscription Service, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org, or contact the NFPA at the address listed below.Interpretations of NFP
16、A Documents A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with Section 6 of the Regulations Governing Committee Projects shall not be considered the official position of NFPA or any of its Committees and shall not be considered to be, nor be relied upon as, a Formal Interpretatio
17、n.Patents The NFPA does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights referenced in, related to, or asserted in connection with an NFPA Document. The users of NFPA Documents bear the sole responsibility for determining the validity of any such patent rights, as well as the
18、risk of infringement of such rights, and the NFPA disclaims liability for the infringement of any patent resulting from the use of or reliance on NFPA Documents.NFPA adheres to the policy of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) regarding the inclusion of patents in American National Stan
19、dards (“the ANSI Patent Policy”), and hereby gives the following notice pursuant to that policy:NOTICE: The users attention is called to the possibility that compliance with an NFPA Document may require use of an invention covered by patent rights. NFPA takes no position as to the validity of any su
20、ch patent rights or as to whether such patent rights constitute or include essential patent claims under the ANSI Patent Policy. If, in connection with the ANSI Patent Policy, a patent holder has filed a statement of willingness to grant licenses under these rights on reasonable and nondiscriminator
21、y terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain such a license, copies of such filed statements can be obtained, on request, from NFPA. For further information, contact the NFPA at the address listed below.Law and Regulations Users of NFPA Documents should consult applicable federal, state,
22、and local laws and regulations. NFPA does not, by the publication of its codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so.Copyrights NFPA Documents are copyrighted. They are
23、 made available for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and the promotion of safe practices and methods. By making these documents available for use and adoption by public
24、authorities and private users, the NFPA does not waive any rights in copyright to these documents. Use of NFPA Documents for regulatory purposes should be accomplished through adoption by reference. The term “adoption by reference” means the citing of title, edition, and publishing information only.
25、 Any deletions, additions, and changes desired by the adopting authority should be noted separately in the adopting instrument. In order to assist NFPA in following the uses made of its documents, adopting authorities are requested to notify the NFPA (Attention: Secretary, Standards Council) in writ
26、ing of such use. For technical assistance and questions concerning adoption of NFPA Documents, contact NFPA at the address below.For Further Information All questions or other communications relating to NFPA Documents and all requests for information on NFPA procedures governing its codes and standa
27、rds development process, including information on the procedures for requesting Formal Interpretations, for proposing Tentative Interim Amendments, and for proposing revisions to NFPA documents during regular revision cycles, should be sent to NFPA headquarters, addressed to the attention of the Sec
28、retary, Standards Council, NFPA, 1 Batterymarch Park, P.O. Box 9101, Quincy, MA 02269-9101; email: stds_adminnfpa.orgFor more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org.12/11Copyright 2013 National Fire ProtectionAssociation.All Rights Reserved.NFPA1982Standard onPersonal Alert S
29、afety Systems (PASS)2013 EditionThis edition of NFPA1982, Standard on Personal Alert Safety Systems (PASS), was prepared bythe Technical Committee on Electronic Safety Equipment and released by the TechnicalCorrelating Committee on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment.It was
30、 issued by the Standards Council on November 27, 2012, with an effective date ofDecember 17, 2012, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA1982 was approved as anAmerican National Standard on Decem-ber 17, 2012.Origin and Development of NFPA 1982The Technical Committee on Protective
31、 Equipment for Fire Fighters began work on thisstandard in 1980 in answer to requests from the fire service to establish requirements for a devicethatwouldsoundanaudiblesignalforaidifafirefighterbecameincapacitatedwhileoperatingatan emergency. The International Association of Fire Fighters (IAFF) wa
32、s instrumental in thedevelopmental work that resulted in this standard. Developmental work was completed in thespring of 1982 and submitted to the NFPAfor official adoption.The first edition was presented attheAnnual Meeting in Kansas City, Missouri, and released on June 9, 1983.Between the first an
33、d second editions, the name of the technical committee was changedto the Technical Committee on Fire Service Protective Clothing and Equipment, and theSubcommittee on Personal Alert Safety Systems (PASS) was organized to manage this docu-ment. The second edition was presented to the membership of th
34、e Association at the 1988Annual Meeting in LosAngeles, California, and had an effective date of June 28, 1988.For the third edition, the Subcommittee on PASS undertook a complete revision of theirwork, which was completed in December 1991.The document was passed onto theTechnicalCommittee on Fire Se
35、rvice Protective Clothing and Equipment, presented to the member-ship of the Association at the 1993 Annual Meeting in Orlando, Florida, and was issued withan effective date ofAugust 20, 1993.In January 1995, the Standards Council reorganized the entire project for fire service protec-tiveclothingan
36、dequipment.ThenewprojecthasaTechnicalCorrelatingCommitteeonFireandEmergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment and seven technical committees operat-ing within the project. The former standing Subcommittee on PASS was combined with theSubcommittee on SCBA to form the new Technical Committee
37、on Respiratory Protection andPersonalAlarm Equipment, which took over the responsibility for NFPA1982.The fourth edition represented a complete revision of the third edition and includedPASS that are integrated with SCBAand automatic activation of all PASS. It was presented tothe membership of theAs
38、sociation at the 1998Annual Meeting in Cincinnati, Ohio, and hadan effective date ofAugust 5, 1998.InOctober2002,theNFPAStandardsCouncilestablishedanewcommittee,theTechnicalCommittee on Electronic Safety Equipment, within the project structure. This new commit-teewasgiventheresponsibilityforaddressi
39、ngallelectronicsinequipmentusedbyemergencyresponders and was assigned responsibility for NFPA1982.The fifth edition of NFPA 1982 represented a complete revision of the fourth edition.During this revision cycle, the Committee received reports from the National Institute forOccupational Safety and Hea
40、lth (NIOSH), Division of Safety Research, regarding their inves-tigations of fire fighter fatalities where there was evidence the PASS alarm signal failed tofunctionorwasnotheardbyotherpersonnelinthearea,andinsomeinstancesthattherewaswateringresstotheelectroniccomponentsthatdiminishedorcanceledtheal
41、armsignal.The19821NFPAand National Fire ProtectionAssociation are registered trademarks of the National Fire ProtectionAssociation, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST), Building and Fire Research Laboratory, partnered withNIOSH to characterize the perfo
42、rmance of PASS devices in the fire-fighting environment. NIST determined thatexposure to high-temperature environments caused the loudness of the alarm signal to be reduced. This reduction inloudness can cause the alarm signal to become indistinguishable from background noise at an emergency scene.I
43、nitial laboratory testing by NISThighlighted that this sound reduction could begin to occur at temperatures as low as300F.All PASS devices that were evaluated experienced significant alarm signal degradation at temperatures between300F and 500F.As the PASS cooled, the alarm signal on most of the uni
44、ts returned to pre-exposure sound levels.NIOSH and others also noted that water ingress did occur or could have occurred in several cases, causing thealarm signal to cease to function with any effectiveness, but that after the PASS electronics dried, the alarm signalwould again function.The Committe
45、e addressed these issues and others and developed changes to the requirements for the fifth edition.The more significant changes were the following:(1) New water immersion requirements and testing where PASS is exposed to 350F for 15 minutes and then to watersubmersion in 1.5 m (4.9 ft) also for 15
46、minutes for each of six cycles. PASS is then examined to determine nowater ingress, that all PASS signals function properly, and that electronic data logging functions operate properly.PASS is then re-immersed in the test water for an additional 5 minutes with the power source compartment(s)open;fol
47、lowingthose5minutes,thePASSisremovedfromwaterandwipeddry,andtheelectronicscompartmentis opened and examined to determine no water ingress.(2) Revised high-temperature resistance requirements and added new high-temperature functionality requirementsand testing procedures where PASS is exposed to 500F
48、 for 5 minutes while mounted in a circulating hot air oven.The PASS alarm signal must function at or above the required 95 dBAsound level for the required duration of thesignal, electronic data logging functions must operate properly, and no part of the PASS can show evidence ofmelting, dripping, or
49、 igniting.(3) New tumblevibration requirements and testing in which PASS is “tumbled” in a rotating drum for 3 hours. ThePASS alarm signal must function at the required 95 dBAsound level, and electronic data logging functions mustoperate properly.(4) New requirements to prevent muffling of the alarm signal where PASS is mounted on a test subject and evaluatedin five positions (face down with arms extended, supine left, supine right, fetal right with knees drawn to chest,fetal left with knees drawn to chest), and the alarm signal must function at or above the required 95 dBA
