1、Copyright 2014 National Fire ProtectionAssociation.All Rights Reserved.NFPA34Standard forDipping, Coating, and Printing Processes Using Flammable orCombustible Liquids2015 EditionThis edition of NFPA34, Standard for Dipping, Coating, and Printing Processes Using FlammableorCombustible Liquids,waspre
2、paredbytheTechnicalCommitteeonFinishingProcesses.Itwasissued by the Standards Council on November 11, 2014, with an effective date of December 1,2014, and supersedes all previous editions.This edition of NFPA34 was approved as anAmerican National Standard on December 1,2014.Origin and Development of
3、 NFPA 34NFPA standards on safeguarding process tanks containing flammable and combustibleliquids date from 1913, when standards prepared by the Committee on Explosives and Com-bustibles were adopted. Subsequently, jurisdiction was transferred to a new Committee onManufacturing Hazards, which, in tur
4、n, was superseded by the current Technical Committeeon Finishing Processes.The original 1913 edition was completely revised in 1921 and 1922, at which time materialon hardening and tempering tanks and flow coat work was added to the original standard.Further revisions to keep the text up to date on
5、various new aspects of the subject wereadopted in 1922, 1926, 1936, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1957, 1959, 1963, 1966, 1971, 1974, 1979,1982, 1987, 1989, 1995, 2000, 2003, 2006, and 2010.The following major changes were adopted for the 2003 edition:(1) The scope of the standard was extended to cover water-ba
6、sed coatings.(2) The arrangement of the text was modified to comply with the Manual of Style for NFPATechnical Committee Documents, including the relocation of Chapter 11, Referenced Publi-cations, to a new Chapter 2 and the addition of a new Chapter 3, Definitions, whichincorporated all the definit
7、ions previously located in Chapter 1.(3) Chapter6(formerlyChapter4),ElectricalandOtherSourcesofIgnition,wasextensivelyrevised to recognize the Zone concept of area classification. Included in those revisionswere the addition of appropriate definitions and revisions of the figures illustrating theare
8、a classifications in and around dipping and coating processes.(4) Subsection 7.6.1 (formerly 5.5.1) was revised to allow recirculation of exhaust air undercertain conditions and to specify those conditions.(5) Chapter 9 (formerly Chapter 7), Protection, was revised to correlate with Chapter 9, Prote
9、c-tion, of NFPA33, Standard for SprayApplication Using Flammable or Combustible Materials.(6) Section 11.6 (formerly Section 9.6) was revised to require grounding, as well as de-energizing, of the electrostatic circuit.The following major changes were adopted for the 2007 edition:(1) A number of def
10、initions were changed to incorporate “preferred” definitions to ensureconsistentmeaninganduseofdefinedtermsthroughouttheNationalFireCodes.Where“preferred” definitions cannot be used for certain terms, those terms have been delim-ited by the phrase “For the purposes of this standard, .”.(2) New defin
11、itions were added for the terms electrostatic detearing, peripheral vapor con-tainment, secondary enclosure, solvent cleaning, and ventilation.(3) Requirements for hazardous location electrical utilization equipment and wiring werefurther revised to correlate with NFPA 70, National Electrical Code,
12、including appropri-ate Fine Print Notes from NFPA 70.341NFPAand National Fire ProtectionAssociation are registered trademarks of the National Fire ProtectionAssociation, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169.(4) New diagrams were added to illustrate electrical area classification around open dipping and coati
13、ng processes.(5) Quantity limitations for storing flammable and combustible liquids were changed to correlate with NFPA 30,Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code.(6) Chapter 9, Protection, was completely rewritten to accomplish the following:(a) Correlate with NFPA33, Standard for Spray Application
14、Using Flammable or Combustible Materials(b) Add necessary requirements for interlocks for proper operation of fire protection systems(c) Require fire protection systems to be designed so that operation does not result in a spill of the flammable orcombustible liquid(d) Require fire protection system
15、s to discharge into the entire protected area(7) Asection on solvent distillation units (i.e., solvent recyclers) was added.(8) Additional changes were made to correlate this standard with NFPA 33, Standard for Spray Application Using Flam-mable or Combustible Materials.The following major changes w
16、ere adopted in the 2011 edition:(1) The scope of the standard was amended to specifically address printing processes, and appropriate changes weremade throughout NFPA 34 where certain provisions applied specifically to the printing process or excludedprinting processes.(2) The scope of the standard
17、was amended to specifically include vapor degreasing processes and to specificallyexclude processes that use only Class IIIB liquids.(3) New definitions for printing and for certain types of printing processes were added to Chapter 3.(4) A new paragraph, 5.2.1.1, was added to allow coating rolls to
18、be covered with polymeric or other combustiblematerials.(5) Section 5.3, which requires the top of the coating tank to be a certain distance above the floor, was amended toapply only to tanks holding flammable or combustible liquid.(6) Exceptions were added to 5.9.1 and 5.9.2 to exclude sheet and we
19、b transport systems from the requirement tostop conveying systems under certain conditions.(7) Paragraph 5.10.1.3 was amended to prevent coating of workpieces whose surface temperature exceeds the boil-ing point of the coating media.(8) Subsection 6.2.2, which prohibits use of certain ignition-capab
20、le equipment, was amended to apply only to areaswhere flammable or combustible liquid is in use.(9) Anew Figure 6.4(e) was added to illustrate the hazardous (classified) area around a printing press for purposesof electrical area classification.(10) Subsection6.4.2wasamendedtodescribethehazardous(cl
21、assified)areaassociatedwithinktanksandreservoirsin printing processes.(11) Section 6.5, on electrical area classification of enclosed processes, was amended to apply only to dipping andcoating processes. Printing processes are inherently open in nature.(12) A new subsection, 6.8.2, was added, requir
22、ing means to dissipate static electric charges from nonconductivesubstrates.(13) An exception was added to 9.5.1(4) to exclude sheet and web transport systems from the requirement to stopconveying systems under certain conditions, if stopping would cause a more hazardous situation.(14) Anew Section
23、9.11 was added to address fire protection measures specific to printing processes.(15) Chapter 10 was amended to improve the requirements that address housekeeping, handling of liquid-impregnated rags, and waste.(16) Section 10.5 was completely rewritten to address use of Class I flammable liquids a
24、nd Class II combustible liquidsfor cleaning operations.(17) Anew Section 10.6 was added to address cleaning of combustible dusts and residues.(18) Anew Section 10.10 was added to address solvent recovery systems.(19) A new annex item, A.9.3.1(3), was added to describe where carbon dioxide fire prote
25、ction systems have beenfound useful in printing processes.Following are some of the key changes made to the 2015 edition of NFPA34.(1) Terms and definitions were modified to be consistent with other NFPA documents and to mirror those used inNFPA33.(2) Requirements were established for processes loca
26、ted in basements to ensure adequate egress and access foremergency response personnel.(3) Artwork in Chapter 6 was revised for consist formatting and to better depict electrical classification requirementsin the document.(4) The requirements for recirculation were revised to include the recirculatio
27、n particulate filters, which are nowdefined in the standard.(5) The requirements for routing of exhaust ducts were clarified and modified to be consistent with NFPA33.(6) The requirements for support of exhaust ducts were clarified and annex material was added.(7) The storage allowances for flammabl
28、e and combustible liquids in Chapter 8 were modified to be consistent withNFPA33 and NFPA30 requirements.(8) Water mist fire protection systems meeting the requirements of NFPA750 were added as an acceptable method offire protection.342 DIPPING, COATING, AND PRINTING PROCESSES USING FLAMMABLE OR COM
29、BUSTIBLE LIQUIDS2015 EditionTechnical Committee on Finishing ProcessesThomas G. Euson, Chair3S Incorporated, IN IMGeoffrey A. Raifsnider, SecretaryGlobal Finishing Solutions, WI MShane A. Adams, Rancho Cucamonga Fire ProtectionDistrict, CAEWilliam C. Anderson, Approved Fire ProtectionCompany, Inc.,
30、MI IMRep. NationalAssociation of Fire EquipmentDistributorsDonald W. Ankele, UL LLC, IL RTJohn D. Bloomgren, Infinity Precision Systems, LLC,MN MMark A. Bowman, XL GlobalAsset Protection Services,OH IAmy Brown, FM Global, MAILarry B. Cox, Structurlite Composites Consultants,OH SEDean Doherty, Genera
31、l Motors NorthAmerica, MI URep. NFPAIndustrial Fire Protection SectionLuc Durand, Saskatoon Fire Department, Canada ERobert J. Feldkamp, Nordson Corporation, OH MPaul B. Gentry, Zurich Services Corporation, TN IThomas B. George, Tokio Marine Management, Inc.,CAIJohn Gokey, Tyco Fire Protection Produ
32、cts, WI MSteven J. Gunsel, SG Technologies, LLC, OH SEJames S. Gustin, Travelers Companies, Inc., NC IBrian K. Haynack, Sherwin-Williams Company, OH MRep.American Industrial HygieneAssociationBryant C. Jeffrey, DuPont/Axalta Coating Systems,DE MSteven D. Jensen, 3M Company, MN UAnton Jensen, Jr., Li
33、berty Mutual Insurance Company,IL IGuy L. Jones, Jr., Amerex Corporation,AL MRep. Fire Equipment ManufacturersAssociationMartin J. Korecky, AkzoNobel Powder Coatings, PAMJohn McKnight, National Marine ManufacturersAssociation, DC URep. Society of the Plastics Industry, Inc.Lowell Miles, Miles Fiberg
34、lass (2) Class III Liquid Any liquid that has a flash point at orabove60C(140F);(a)ClassIIIALiquidAnyliquidthathas a flash point at or above 60C (140F), but below 93C(200F); (b) Class IIIB Liquid Any liquid that has a flashpoint at or above 93C (200F). 30, 20153.3.7.2 Flammable Liquid. Any liquid th
35、at has a closed-cupflash point below 37.8C (100F), as determined by the testprocedures and apparatus set forth in NFPA30, and a Reidvapor pressure that does not exceed an absolute pressureof 276 kPa (40 psi) at 37.8C (100F), as determined byASTM D323, Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petro
36、-leum Products (Reid Method).Flammableliquidsareclassifiedas Class I liquids and further subclassified in accordancewith the following: (1) Class IA Liquid Any liquid thathas a flash point below 22.8C (73F) and boiling pointbelow 37.8C (100F); (2) Class IB Liquid Any liquidthat has a flash point bel
37、ow 22.8C (73F) and boilingpoint at or above 37.8C (100F); (3) Class IC Liquid Any liquid that has a flash point at or above 22.8C (73F),but below 37.8C (100F). 30, 20153.3.8 Noncombustible Material. A material that, in the formin which it is used and under the conditions anticipated, willnot ignite,
38、 burn, support combustion, or release flammablevapors when subjected to fire or heat. Materials that are re-ported as passingASTM E136, Standard Test Method for Behaviorof Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750 C, are considerednoncombustible materials.3.3.9 Peripheral Vapor Containment. A syst
39、em that cools theperimeter of a vapor degreaser tank near its top for the pur-pose of condensing a saturated vapor blanket from boilingflammable solvent.3.3.10* Printing. The art of transferring an image from aplate, block, or other device onto a substrate using inks ordyes, including, but not limit
40、ed to, flexography, gravure, li-thography, screen, digital, and UV methods.3.3.11* Recirculation Particulate Filter. Afilter, or series of fil-ters, capable of removing more than 95 percent of particles0.3 to 10 in size from the airstream.3.3.12 Secondary Enclosure. An enclosure or guard con-structe
41、d around but separate from a dipping or coating pro-cess whose purpose is other than for fire protection, confine-ment of a possible fire, or confinement of vapor or mists.3.3.13 SolventCleaning. Theremovalofmaterialfromanob-ject by a solvent using processes such as immersing, soaking,spraying, agit
42、ating, or ultrasonics.3.3.14* Vapor Area. Any area that could contain a flammablevapor concentration exceeding 25 percent of the lower flam-mable limit (LFL) during operation or shutdown periods.3.3.15 Vapor Source. Any source from which it is possible tomeasure vapor concentrations exceeding 25 per
43、cent of thelower flammable limit at a distance of 305 mm (1 ft) in anydirection from the object or material.3.3.16 Ventilation. The changing of air within a compart-ment by natural or mechanical means.Chapter 4 Location of Dipping, Coating, andPrinting Processes4.1* General. Processes shall be locat
44、ed in Industrial Occu-pancies as defined by NFPA 5000.4.1.1* General. Areas in which dipping, coating, or printingoperations are conducted shall be protected with approvedautomatic sprinkler systems that are designed and installed inaccordance with the requirements of NFPA13.4.1.2* Locations in Othe
45、r Occupancies. Processes shall not belocated in any building that is classified as an assembly, educa-tional, day care, health care, ambulatory health care, detention/correctional, residential, mercantile, business or storage occu-pancy, unless the following requirements are met:.(1) The process are
46、a is separated both vertically and horizon-tally from all surrounding areas by construction having afire resistance rating of at least 2 hours.(2) The process area is protected by an approved automaticsprinkler system designed and installed in accordancewith NFPA13.4.2* Separation. Processes shall b
47、e separated from other op-erations, materials, or occupancies by location, fire walls, andhorizontal assemblies in accordance with NFPA 5000 or othermeans acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction.348 DIPPING, COATING, AND PRINTING PROCESSES USING FLAMMABLE OR COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS2015 Edition4.
48、3* Basements. Processes shall not be located in a basementunless all the following requirements are met:(1) Ameansofegressisprovidedthatmeetstherequirementsof Chapter 40 of NFPA101.(2) An access means is provided for emergency responsepersonnel.4.3.1 Processes utilizing combustible liquids in baseme
49、ntsshall be captured and directed to the outside of the buildingor control equipment.4.4 Access to Means of Egress. Processes shall be located sothat, in the event of a fire originating at or within the processequipment, access to means of egress is in accordance withNFPA101.Chapter 5 Design and Construction of Dipping,Coating, and Printing Equipment and Systems5.1 Scope. Chapter 5 shall apply to the design and construc-tion of process equipment and systems.5.2 General Requirements.5.2.1 Dipping an
