1、 NFPA 36 2017 Standard for Solvent Extraction PlantsISBN: 978-145591627-6 (Print) ISBN: 978-145591624-5 (PDF) IMPORTANT NOTICES AND DISCLAIMERS CONCERNING NFPA STANDARDS NOTICE AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY CONCERNING THE USE OF NFPA STANDARDS NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (
2、“NFPA Standards”), of which the document contained herein is one, are developed through a consensus standards development process approved by the American National Standards Institute. This process brings together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus on fire a
3、nd other safety issues. While the NFPA administers the process and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in NFPA Standards. The NFPA discla
4、ims liability for any personal injury, property or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on NFPA Standards. The NFPA also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the acc
5、uracy or completeness of any information published herein. In issuing and making NFPA Standards available, the NFPA is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on behalf of any person or entity. Nor is the NFPA undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to so
6、meone else. Anyone using this document should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. The NFPA has no power, nor does it undertake, to police or enforce comp
7、liance with the contents of NFPA Standards. Nor does the NFPA list, certify, test, or inspect products, designs, or installations for compliance with this document. Any certification or other statement of compliance with the requirements of this document shall not be attributable to the NFPA and is
8、solely the responsibility of the certifier or maker of the statement. ALERT: THIS STANDARD HAS BEEN MODIFIED BY A TIA OR ERRATA Users of NFPA codes, standards, recommended practices, and guides (“NFPA Standards”) should be aware that NFPA Standards may be amended from time to time through the issuan
9、ce of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata. An official NFPA Standard at any point in time consists of the current edition of the document together with any Tentative Interim Amendment and any Errata then in effect. In order to determine whether an NFPA Standard has been amended throu
10、gh the issuance of Tentative Interim Amendments or corrected by Errata, visit the “Codes email: stds_adminnfpa.org. For more information about NFPA, visit the NFPA website at www.nfpa.org. All NFPA codes and standards can be viewed at no cost at www.nfpa.org/docinfo.36-1 NFPA and National Fire Prote
11、ction Association are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, Massachusetts 02169. Copyright 2016 National Fire Protection Association . All Rights Reserved. NFPA 36 Standard for Solvent Extraction Plants 2017 Edition This edition of NFPA 36, Standard for Solvent E
12、xtraction Plants, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Solvent Extraction Plants. It was issued by the Standards Council on November 11, 2016, with an effective date of December 1, 2016, and supersedes all previous editions. This document has been amended by one or more Tentative Interim Amend
13、ments (TIAs) and/or Errata. See “Codes & Standards” at www.nfpa.org for more information. This edition of NFPA 36 was approved as an American National Standard on December 1, 2016. Origin and Development of NFPA 36 This standard was developed at the request of the solvent extraction industry in an e
14、ffort to achieve greater uniformity in re protection practices for extraction plants. The purpose of the standard is to provide reasonable standards for the design and operation of solvent extraction processes and extraction plants. In the development of this standard, the Technical Committee on Sol
15、vent Extraction Plants recognized some fundamental differences between the operation of solvent extraction plants and the processing of solvents in other facilities. Many extraction plants are relatively small units in isolated locations, operated without the benet of overall re protection measures,
16、 such as are customary in large solvent processing facilities. The operator of a solvent extraction plant must establish and maintain re safety esprit de corps among a small number of employees, as opposed to relying on the established customs of large-scale operations. There are certain hazards in
17、the combining and separating of solids and solvents that are peculiar to the solvent extraction industry. Also serving as a complicating problem is the potential dust explosion hazard in some areas of the typical plant. Therefore, the technical committee determined that it would be desirable to give
18、 consideration to practices applicable to both dust-laden and ammable vaporladen atmospheres. NFPA 36 was tentatively adopted at the 1957 Annual Meeting of the Association. A revision of this tentative edition was adopted at the 1958 Annual Meeting. NFPA 36 was ofcially adopted by the Association at
19、 its 1959 Annual Meeting. Amendments were adopted in 1962, 1964, 1967, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1978, 1983, 1985, 1988, 1993, 1997, 2001, 2004, and 2008. The 1997 edition of NFPA 36 incorporated the following amendments: (1) New appendix text to 1.1.1 to refer the user to NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible
20、 Liquids Code, for solvent extraction processes not covered by NFPA 36 (2) New 1.1.6, extending the scope of NFPA 36 to any preparation or meal nishing area that is connected to the solvent extraction process by a conveyor, thus establishing a boundary between those operations governed by NFPA 36 an
21、d those that might be governed by NFPA 61, Standard for the Prevention of Fires and Dust Explosions in Agricultural and Food Products Facilities (3) Revision of 5.2.5 to require compliance with all stated measures for preventing vapors from migrating beyond the controlled or restricted areas (4) New
22、 appendix text to 5.5.1 to provide guidance to the user in applying requirements for hazardous (classied) locations (5) New 5.8.1.7, which established specic requirements for actions to be taken to remove vapors from the extractor, especially during emergenciesSOLVENT EXTRACTION PLANTS 36-2 2017 Edi
23、tion (6) New 5.8.9.6, which established a requirement for means to automatically sense excess pressure in the extractor or in the desolventizer-toaster and to automatically reduce the excess pressure to a safe level (7) Numerous editorial and minor technical improvements The 2001 edition of NFPA 36
24、incorporated the following amendments: (1) A revised denition of ame ar rester (2) A revision to 2.1.4 to require written authorization for repairs involving hot work (3) A revision of 4.1.2 to clarify which provisions do not apply when the liberation of dust is adequately controlled (4) A revision
25、of Section 4.5 to better describe when repairs, including those involving hot work, can be performed without shutting down the entire process (5) A revision to 5.8.1.1 to clarify the requirements for venting of process equipment (6) A new 5.8.1.5 that stated that a ame arrester is not required in th
26、e discharge line from an emergency pressure relief valve (7) A new 5.8.1.7 that prohibited installing a shutoff valve in the overow line from a tank or vessel (8) A revision to 5.8.1.9 to clarify the means of exhausting vapors from plant equipment The 2004 edition of NFPA36 was a complete editorial
27、rewrite of the previous edition to comply with NFPAs Manual of Style for Technical Committee Documents and also incorporated the following technical amendments: (1) Revised denitions of the terms extraction pr ocess, ame arrester, ammable liquid (to correlate with NFPA 30, Flammable and Combustible
28、Liquids Code), inert gas, lower ammable limit, and upper ammable limit (2) Addition of a denition for noncombustible material, extracted from NFP A 220, Standard on Types of Building Construction (3) Revised procedures in 4.5.3 for transfer of solvent, to correlate with NFPA 30 (4) Revision of 5.3.2
29、 to require the design and construction of solvent storage tanks to comply with NFPA 30 (5) Revision of Section 7.4, Drainage and Spill Control, to provide more specic design requirements for the separation sump (6) Addition of Figure 7.5.2 to illustrate typical locations for providing vent openings
30、 in the conveying system (7) Revision of Section 7.6, Cooling Towers, allowing exibility in locating the various types of cooling towers relative to the extraction process (8) Addition of an exception to 8.2.6 that allowed a shutoff valve in a normal vent line or an emergency vent line if the shutof
31、f valve meets specied criteria (9) Addition of physical property data for isohexane to Annex B to recognize its use as an extraction solvent The 2009 edition of NFPA 36 incorporated the following technical amendments: (1) Revised denitions of the terms ame ar rester, inert gas, and lower ammable lim
32、it (2) Addition of exceptions to 6.2.4 and to 7.9.2 to allow the use of electric space heaters that are approved for Class I, Division 1, Group D or Class II, Division 1, Group G locations (3) Revision to Figure 7.2.1 to show correct dimension reference lines for the extent of the hazardous location
33、 above a process vent (4) Revision to 7.4.2.3 to provide more detailed requirements for the separation sump (5) Addition of a new gure, Figure 7.4.2.3, to illustrate a typical separation sump design (6) Addition of a new annex item, A.7.4.2.4, to provide suggested means to provide emergency control
34、of outow from the separation sump, if the liquid seal fails (7) Deletion of existing 7.5.3, because it conicted with 7.5.2 (8) Removal of an erroneously placed line in Figure 7.7.1 (9) Addition of requirements to 8.10.4 and 8.10.5 to monitor the discharge of oil for conditions that might present a s
35、ignicant hazard (10) Revision of 8.10.6 to correlate with changes made to 8.10.4 and 8.10.5 (11) Correction to Table B.2(a) (12) Deletion of Table B.2(b), because it conicted with T able B.2(a) The 2013 edition of NFPA 36 incorporated the following technical amendments: (1) Referenced documents in C
36、hapter 2 were updated to current editions. (2) Subsection 4.11.1 was expanded to address hand tools, as well as power tools, and an annex discussion was added that provided guidance on determining whether special tools are needed. (3) Subsection 6.4.2 was revised to correlate with NFPA 61, Standard
37、for the Prevention of Fires and Dust Explosions in Agricultural and Food Processing Facilities, by providing exceptions for dust collectors, centrifugal separators, and bin vent dust collectors located inside buildings. (4) Subsection 6.4.3 was broadened to apply to all types of lter media and to require explosion protection if there is a risk of a dust explosion in the enclosure. (5) Section 7.7 was revised to include guidance for use of the zone system for electrical area classication.
