1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2012 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may b
3、e reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax
4、: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS4452EAEROSPACEMATERIALSPECIFICATIONAMS4452 REV. EIssued 1972-11Revised 2012-06Superseding AMS4452DMagn
5、esium Alloy, Investment Castings8.7Al - 0.70Zn - 0.22Mn (AZ91C-T6)Solution and Precipitation Heat Treated(Composition similar to UNS M11914)RATIONALEAMS4452E revises Composition (3.1), makes radiographic examination a periodic test (4.2.2), revises Sampling for Composition (4.3.1), and is a Five Yea
6、r Review and update of this specification. 1. SCOPE1.1 FormThis specification covers a magnesium alloy in the form of investment castings.1.2 ApplicationThese castings have been used typically for small, intricate parts requiring good strength with good ductility and weldability, but usage is not li
7、mited to such applications.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of the following documents in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is speci
8、fied. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply.SAE AMS4452E Page 2 of 72.1 SAE PublicationsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-73
9、23 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AMS2175 Castings, Classification and Inspection ofAMS2360 Room Temperature Tensile Properties of CastingsAMS2475 Protective Treatments, Magnesium AlloysAMS2694 In-Process Welding of CastingsAMS2768 Heat Treatment of Magnesium Allo
10、y CastingsAMS2804 Identification, Castings2.2 ASTM PublicationsAvailable from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM B 557 Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsASTM B 557M Tens
11、ion Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products (Metric)ASTM B 660 Packaging/Packing of Aluminum and Magnesium ProductsASTM B 953 Sampling Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys for Spectrochemical AnalysisASTM B 954 Analysis of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys by Atomic Emission Spectrome
12、tryASTM E 1417 Liquid Penetrant TestingASTM E 1742 Radiographic Examination3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS3.1 CompositionShall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by spectrochemical methods in accordance with ASTM B 954, or by other analytical methods acceptable to purchaser.
13、TABLE 1 - COMPOSITIONElement min maxAluminumZincManganeseCopperNickelSiliconOther Elements, each (3.1.1)Other Elements, total (3.1.1)Magnesium8.1 0.400.13-remainder9.3 1.0 0.300.100.010.300.100.303.1.1 Determination not required for routine acceptance.SAE AMS4452E Page 3 of 73.2 ConditionSolution an
14、d precipitation heat treated.3.3 CastingCastings shall be poured either from remelted metal from a master heat or directly from a master heat. In either case, metal for casting shall be qualified as in 3.4.3.3.1 A master heat is refined metal of a single furnace charge or is metal blended as in 3.3.
15、2. Gates, sprues, risers, and rejected castings shall be used only in preparation of master heats; they shall not be remelted directly, without refining, for pouring of castings. Furnace or ladle additions of grain-refining elements or alloys are permissible.3.3.2 Metal from two or more master heats
16、 may be blended provided the composition of each master heat to be blended is within the limits of 3.1 and the total weight of metal blended does not exceed 15 000 pounds (6804 kg). When two or more master heats are blended, the resultant blend shall be considered a master heat.3.4 Master Heat Quali
17、ficationEach master heat shall be qualified by evaluation of chemical analysis and tensile specimens conforming to 3.4.1 and 3.4.2, respectively. A master heat may be considered conditionally qualified if vendors test results show conformance to all applicable requirements of this specification. How
18、ever, except when purchaser waives confirmatory testing, final qualification shall be based on purchasers test results. Conditional qualification of a master heat shall not be construed as a guarantee of acceptance of castings poured therefrom.3.4.1 Chemical Analysis SpecimensShall be of any suitabl
19、e size, shape, and form. 3.4.2 Tensile SpecimensShall be cast from remelted metal from each master heat except that when castings are poured directly from a master heat, the specimens shall also be poured directly from the master heat. Specimens shall be of standard proportions in accordance with AS
20、TM B 557 or ASTM B 557M with 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) diameter at the reduced parallel gage section. They shall be cast to size or shall be cast oversize and subsequently machined to 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) diameter. Center gating may be used.3.5 Heat TreatmentCastings and representative separately-cast te
21、nsile specimens shall be solution and precipitation heat treated in accordance with AMS2768. At least one set of tensile specimens shall, during each stage of heat treatment, be placed into a batch-type furnace with each load of castings or into a continuous furnace at intervals of not longer than 3
22、 hours.3.6 PropertiesCastings and separately-cast tensile specimens produced in accordance with 3.4.2 shall conform to the following requirements:3.6.1 Tensile PropertiesShall be as follows, determined in accordance with ASTM B 557 or ASTM B 557M; conformance to the requirements of 3.6.1.1 shall be
23、used as basis for acceptance of castings except when purchaser specifies that the requirements of 3.6.1.2 apply:SAE AMS4452E Page 4 of 73.6.1.1 Separately-Cast SpecimensShall be as shown in Table 2.TABLE 2 - MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIESProperty ValueTensile Strength Yield Strength at 0.2% OffsetElonga
24、tion in 4D 34.0 ksi (234 MPa)16.0 ksi (110 MPa)3% 3.6.1.2 Specimens Cut From Castings or From Integrally-Cast CouponsShall be as shown in Table 3.TABLE 3 - MINIMUM TENSILE PROPERTIESProperty ValueTensile Strength Yield Strength at 0.2% OffsetElongation in 4D 17.0 ksi (117 MPa)12.0 ksi ( 83 MPa)1% 3.
25、6.1.2.1 When properties other than those of 3.6.1.2 are required, tensile specimens as in 4.3.4 taken from locations indicated on the drawing, from a casting or castings chosen at random to represent the lot, shall have the properties indicated on the drawing for such specimens. Property requirement
26、s for such specimens may be designated in accordance with AMS2360.3.7 Quality3.7.1 Castings, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the castings.3.7.1.1 Castings shall have smooth surf
27、aces and shall be sufficiently cleaned to permit fluorescent penetrant inspection.3.7.2 Castings shall be produced under radiographic control. This control shall consist of radiographic examination of castings in accordance with ASTM E 1742, or other method acceptable to purchaser, until proper foun
28、dry technique, which will produce castings free from harmful imperfections, is established for each part number and of production castings as necessary to ensure maintenance of satisfactory quality.3.7.3 When specified, castings shall be subjected to fluorescent penetrant inspection in accordance wi
29、th ASTM E 1417.3.7.4 Fluorescent penetrant and other quality standards shall be as established by purchaser. Unless otherwise specified, radiographic acceptance standards shall meet requirements of AMS2175, Grade D.3.7.5 Castings shall not be reworked by peening, plugging, welding, or other method w
30、ithout written permission from purchaser.3.7.5.1 When authorized by purchaser, welding in accordance with AMS2694 or other welding program approved by the purchaser may be used.3.7.6 Castings shall not be impregnated, chemically treated, or coated to prevent leakage unless specified or allowed by wr
31、itten permission of purchaser designating the method to be used.SAE AMS4452E Page 5 of 74. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS4.1 Responsibility for InspectionThe vendor of castings shall supply all samples for vendors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser rese
32、rves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the castings conform to specified requirements.4.2 Classification of Tests4.2.1 Acceptance TestsExcept as specified in 4.2.1.1, composition (3.1), tensile properties of separately-cast specimens (3.6.1.1
33、), and quality (3.7) are acceptance tests and shall be performed to represent each master heat or lot as applicable.4.2.1.1 Tensile properties of specimens cut from castings or from integrally-cast coupons shall be determined only when specified by purchaser or when separately-cast specimens are not
34、 available. Tensile properties of separately-cast specimens need not be determined when tensile properties of specimens cut from castings or from integrally-cast coupons are determined.4.2.2 Periodic TestsRadiographic examination of production castings (3.7.2) to ensure maintenance of satisfactory q
35、uality is a periodic test and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the vendor unless frequency of testing is specified by purchaser.4.2.3 Preproduction TestsAll technical requirements are preproduction tests and shall be performed prior to or on the first-article shipment of a casting to a
36、purchaser, when a change in material and/or processing requires reapproval as in 4.4.2, and when purchaser deems confirmatory testing to be required.4.3 Sampling and TestingShall be in accordance with the following; a lot shall be not more than 800 pounds (363 kg) of cast metal, including gates, spr
37、ues, and risers, produced in not more than five consecutive hours from a single master heat, solution and precipitation heat treated as a single heat treatment batch, and presented for vendors inspection at one time:4.3.1 One chemical analysis specimen in accordance with 3.4.1 and ASTM B 953 from ea
38、ch master heat, a casting from each lot, or both.4.3.2 One separately-cast tensile specimen in accordance with 3.4.2 from each lot except when properties of specimens machined from castings or from integrally-cast coupons are required.4.3.3 Two preproduction castings in accordance with 4.4.1 of each
39、 part number; one casting for dimensional evaluation and the other for property and quality evaluations as required for approval as in 4.4.1.4.3.4 Except as permitted by 4.3.4.1, one or more castings from each lot when tensile properties are required from specimens machined from castings. Specimens
40、shall conform to ASTM B 557 or ASTM B 557M and shall be either 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) diameter at the reduced parallel gage section, subsize specimens proportional to the standard, or standard sheet-type specimens. For determining conformance to the requirements of 3.6.1.2, if specimen locations are n
41、ot shown on the drawing, not less than two tensile specimens, one from the thickest section and one from the thinnest section, shall be cut from a casting or castings representing each lot.4.3.4.1 When permitted by purchaser, tensile specimens conforming to ASTM B 557 or ASTM B 557M excised from int
42、egrally-cast coupons may be used in lieu of separately-cast specimens (4.3.2) or specimens cut from a casting or castings (4.3.4). Size, number, and location of integrally-cast coupons shall be specified by purchaser.SAE AMS4452E Page 6 of 74.4 Approval4.4.1 Sample castings from new or reworked mast
43、er patterns and the casting procedure shall be approved by purchaser before castings for production use are supplied, unless such approval be waived by purchaser.4.4.2 Vendor shall establish, separately for tensile specimens used for master heat qualification and for production of sample castings of
44、 each part number, parameters for the process control factors which will produce tensile specimens meeting master heat qualification requirements and acceptable castings; these shall constitute the approved casting procedure and shall be used for producing subsequent master heat qualification specim
45、ens and production castings. If necessary to make any change in parameters for the process control factors, vendor shall submit for reapproval a statement of the proposed changes in processing and, when requested by purchaser, test specimens, sample castings, or both. Production castings incorporati
46、ng the revised operations shall not be shipped prior to receipt of reapproval.4.4.2.1 Control factors for producing tensile specimens and castings include, but are not limited to, the following: Type of furnace and its capacityType and size of furnace chargeTime molten metal is in furnaceFurnace atm
47、osphereFluxing or deoxidation procedureNumber of ladles used in pourMold refractory formulationGating practicesMold preheat and metal pouring temperatures; variations of 25 F (14 C) degrees are permissibleSolidification and cooling proceduresSolution and precipitation heat treatment cycleCleaning op
48、erationsMethods of inspection4.4.2.1.1 Any of the above process control factors, for which parameters are considered proprietary by the vendor, may be assigned a code designation. Each variation in such parameters shall be assigned a modified code designation.4.5 ReportsThe vendor of castings shall
49、furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for composition of at least one casting, or of specimens as in 3.4.1 cast in a mold with the parts, from each master heat represented, the results of tests for tensile properties of separately-cast specimens or integrally-cast coupons representing each lot or of specimens cut from castings from each lot, and stating that the castings conform to the other technical req
