1、AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATIONAMS7908 REV. DIssued 1991-10Revised 2015-01Superseding AMS7908CBeryllium Near-Net PreformsStandard GradeHot Isostatic PressedRATIONALEAMS7908D results from a Five Year Review and update of this specification.1. SCOPE1.1 Form This specification covers beryllium in the
2、form of bar, rod, tubing, and shapes fabricated from beryllium powder consolidated by hot isostatic pressing (HIP).1.2 Application This product has been used typically for parts requiring high strength-to-weight ratio and high modulus of elasticity, but usage is not limited to such applications. 1.3
3、 Safety - Hazardous Materials While the materials, methods, applications and processes described or referenced in this specification may involve the use of hazardous materials, this specification does not address the hazards that may be involved in such use. It is the sole responsibility of the user
4、 to ensure familiarity with the safe and proper use of any hazardous materials and to take necessary precautionary measures to ensure the health and safety of all personnel involved.1.3.1 WARNINGInhaling dust or fumes containing beryllium may cause chronic beryllium disease, a serious chronic lung d
5、isease, in some individuals. Over time, lung disease can be fatal. Read the product specific Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional environmental, health and safety information before working with beryllium or beryllium-containing materials.2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTSThe issue of the following documents
6、 in effect on the date of the purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has
7、been specified, the last published issue of that document shall apply._SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability fo
8、r any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copy
9、right 2015 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORD
10、ER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS7908DSAE INTERNATION
11、AL AMS7908D Page 2 of 72.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.AMS2806 Identification, Bars, Wire, Mechanical Tubing, and Extrusions, Carbon and Allo
12、y Steels and Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM E8 / E8M Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsASTM E112 Determining Average
13、 Grain SizeASTM E1417 Liquid Penetrant TestingASTM E1742 Radiographic Examination2.3 ASME Publications Available from ASME, P.O. Box 2900, 22 Law Drive, Fairfield, NJ 07007-2900, Tel: 800-843-2763 (U.S./Canada), 001-800-843-2763 (Mexico), 973-882-1170 (outside North America), www.asme.org.ASME B46.1
14、 Surface TextureASME Y14.5M Dimensioning and Tolerancing3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1. Beryllium oxide shall be determined by gas fusion; aluminum, iron, magnesium, silicon, and other elements by spectrochemical methods; and car
15、bon by combustion. Beryllium shall be determined by difference. In case of disputes between analyses by different spectrochemical methods, emission spectroscopy shall govern.Table 1 - CompositionElement min maxBeryllium Oxide - 1.5Carbon - 0.15Iron - 0.13Aluminum - 0.10Magnesium - 0.08Silicon - 0.06
16、Other Elements, each (3.1.1) - 0.04Beryllium 98.5 -3.1.1 Determination is not required for routine acceptance of each lot. 3.2 Condition Hot isostatically pressed (HIP) with secondary options of heat treatment and/or stress relief after hot isostatic pressing.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7908D Page 3 of 73.
17、2.1 Surface FinishIf surface finish is not specified, the material shall be furnished with an as-sawed, as-HIP, and/or machined surface. Machined surfaces shall have surface finish no greater than 110 Ra 125 microinches (3.2 m), determined in accordance with ASME B46.1.3.3 Properties The product sha
18、ll conform to the following requirements.3.3.1 Tensile PropertiesShall be as shown in Table 2, determined at room temperature in accordance with ASTM E8 / E8M with the rate of strain set at 0.005 inch/inch/minute (0.005 mm/mm/minute) and maintained within a tolerance of 0.002 inch/inch/minute (0.002
19、 mm/mm/minute) through the 0.2% offset yield strain and may be increased thereafter to 0.05 inch/inch/minute (0.05 mm/mm/minute).Table 2 - Minimum tensile propertiesProperty ValueTensile Strength 60 ksi (414 MPa)Yield Strength at 0.2% Offset 43.0 ksi (296 MPa)Elongation in 4D 3%3.3.2 Average Grain S
20、izeShall be no larger than 20 microns (20 m), determined in accordance with ASTM E112, using the intercept method at 500X magnification.3.4 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, and free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimen
21、tal to usage of the product.3.4.1 DensityShall be at least 99.0% of theoretical density, determined by the water displacement method. The accuracy of density determination shall be to the second decimal, or better.3.4.1.1 The theoretical density shall be calculated using Equation 1:(Eq. 1)3.4.1.2 Th
22、ermally Induced Porosity (TIP) Resistance 3.4.1.2.1 Sample product shall be subjected to a TIP test consisting of a heat treatment in inert atmosphere or under vacuum at 1450 F (788 C) for 1 hour.3.4.1.2.2 The minimum density allowed following the TIP heat treatment shall be 99.0% of the theoretical
23、 density, calculated as shown in 3.4.1.2.1. The maximum drop in the density due to the TIP resistance test shall be 0.20%.Theoretical Density (gm/cm3 100100 %Be01.8477gm/cm3-%Be03.009 gm/cm3-+=-SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7908D Page 4 of 73.4.2 Radiographic InspectionRadiographic inspection to a penetramet
24、er sensitivity of 2% shall be performed in accordance with ASTM E1742; however, exceptions are taken to the penetrameter contrast requirement and applicable area of penetrameter density ranges of +30% or -15% from the density at penetrameter location(s). The decision to accept or reject may be made
25、directly beneath the IQI/Shim combination.3.4.2.1 Radiographic indications (voids or inclusions) shall conform to the following requirements:3.4.2.1.1 Maximum Dimension of Any IndicationAny dimension of any indication, measured in the plane of the radiograph, shall not exceed 0.050 inch (1.27 mm).3.
26、4.2.1.2 Maximum Average Dimension of Any IndicationThe average dimension of any indication shall be the arithmetic average of the maximum and minimum dimensions, measured in the plane of the radiograph, and shall not exceed 0.030 inch (0.76 mm).3.4.2.1.3 Total Combined Volume Per Cubic Inch (16.4 cm
27、3) of All IndicationsThe total combined volume per cubic inch (16.4 cm3) of all detectable radiographic indications shall not exceed the volume of a 0.050 inch (1.27 mm) diameter sphere (e.g., total spherical volume shall not exceed 0.000065 cubic inches1.07 mm3). For calculation purposes, assume al
28、l indications are spherical.3.4.2.1.4 Part Density UniformityThe terms variable density areas, banding, or striations denote relatively large areas of a radiograph, which vary in densityas compared to the surrounding area. These areas shall not vary in radiographic density by more than 5% as compare
29、d to the surrounding area of comparable section thickness. Suspect areas shall be reradiographed and interpreted with the appropriate penetrameter or beryllium of 5% in thickness placed as follows:a. Less dense (darker radiograph) areas shall be covered by the penetrameter. The radiograph of the cov
30、ered area shall appear lighter than that of the adjacent area.b. More dense (lighter radiograph) areas shall have the penetrameter placed immediately adjacent to them. The radiograph of the covered area shall appear lighter than that of the suspect more-dense area.3.4.2.1.4.1 Discrete high density (
31、light radiograph) indications, or areas in product 1.000 inch (25.40 mm) and under in nominal thickness, which are 5% or less in radiographic density variation compared to the surrounding material, are acceptable. (Note: The minimum detectable size of voids and inclusions will increase as the sectio
32、n thickness increases.)3.4.3 Surface ConditionThe product shall be free from cracks, determined as in 3.4.3.1 or 3.4.3.2.3.4.3.1 VisualNo restrictions to size or number of visual imperfections if they do not hold fluorescent penetrant dye and are acceptable inaccordance with 3.4.2.2 and dimensional
33、tolerance requirements.3.4.3.2 Surface IndicationsPenetrant inspection shall be performed in accordance with ASTM E1417, Type 1, Level 2.3.4.3.2.1 Individual IndicationsShall not exceed 0.050 inch (1.27 mm) in major dimension.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7908D Page 5 of 73.4.3.2.1.1 FrequencyAny 1 square in
34、ch (6.45 cm2) shall contain no more than three indications measuring 0.003 to 0.050 inch (0.08 to 1.27 mm) in major dimension.3.5 Tolerances Product shall conform to the dimensions and dimensional tolerances specified in the purchase order and applicable drawings. If tolerances are not so specified,
35、 tolerances shown in Table 3 shall apply in accordance with ASME Y14.5M (See 8.2).Table 3A - Dimensional tolerances, inch/pound unitsDimension InchesTolerance, InchplusTolerance, InchminusDiameter, Width, or Thickness Up to 3, incl 0.016 0.000Diameter, Width, or Thickness Over 3 to 20, incl 0.062 0.
36、000Diameter, Width, or Thickness Over 20 0.250 0.000Length Up to 20, incl 0.125 0.000Length Over 20 0.250 0.000Table 3B - Dimensional tolerances, SI unitsDimension MillimetersTolerance, MillimetersplusTolerance, MillimetersminusDiameter, Width, or Thickness Up to 76, incl 0.41 0.00Diameter, Width, o
37、r Thickness Over 76 to 508, incl 1.57 0.00Diameter, Width, or Thickness Over 508 6.35 0.00Length Up to 508, incl 3.18 0.00Length Over 508 6.35 0.004. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The producer of the product shall supply all samples for producers tests and shall be r
38、esponsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements.4.2 Classification of Tests All technical requirements are acceptance tests and shall be
39、 performed on each lot as applicable.4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be in accordance with the following; a lot shall be all product manufactured from a specific powder lot and HIP cycle in the same condition.4.3.1 CompositionNot less than one sample from each lot.4.3.2 Tensile PropertiesNot less tha
40、n one round specimen from each lot at any location.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7908D Page 6 of 74.3.3 Grain SizeNot less than one specimen from each lot.4.3.4 Thermally Induced Porosity (TIP) ResistanceNot less than one sample for TIP from each lot.4.3.5 DensityEach part, unless a sampling plan has been ag
41、reed upon by purchaser and producer.4.3.6 RadiographyEach part, unless a sampling plan has been agreed upon by purchaser and producer.4.3.7 Penetrant InspectionEach part, unless a sampling plan has been agreed upon by purchaser and producer.4.3.8 TolerancesEach part, unless a sampling plan has been
42、agreed upon by purchaser and producer.4.4 Reports The producer of the product shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for composition, tensile properties, grain size, and TIP test response of each lot and stating that the product conforms to the other technical require
43、ments. This report shall include the purchase order number, lot number, AMS7908D, serial number, and quantity.4.5 Resampling and Retesting If a valid test on any specimen used in the above tests fails to meet the specified requirements, disposition of the product may be based on the results of testi
44、ng two additional specimens for each original nonconforming specimen. Failure of any retest specimen to meet the specified requirements shall be cause for rejection of the product represented. Results of all tests shall be reported.4.5.1 Resubmittal of Rejected LotsLots rejected for failure to meet
45、specified requirements may be resubmitted for tests provided the producer has reworked the lots, as necessary, to correct deficiencies or has removed the nonconforming material.5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5.1 Identification In accordance with AMS2806.5.2 Packaging The product shall be prepared for s
46、hipment in accordance with commercial practice and in compliance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the product to ensure carrier acceptance and safe delivery.6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT A producer shall include this specification number and its
47、revision letter in all quotations and when acknowledging purchase orders.SAE INTERNATIONAL AMS7908D Page 7 of 77. REJECTIONS Product not conforming to this specification, or to modifications authorized by purchaser, will be subject to rejection.8. NOTES8.1 A change bar (|) located in the left margin
48、 is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and
49、 (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only.8.2 Terms used in AMS are clarified in ARP1917.8.3 Dimensions and properties in inch/pound units and the Fahrenheit temperatures are primary; dimensions and properties in SI units and the Celsius temperatures are shown as the approximate equivalents of the pr
