1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/ARP4014A AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE ARP4014 REV. A Issued 1988-08 Reaffirmed 2012-12 Revise
5、d 2017-09 Superseding ARP4014 Aircraft Turbine Engine Pneumatic Component Contaminated Air Endurance Test RATIONALE This revision was published to update the document references, test schematic diagram and to better align the test procedure with current best practices. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 3 2
6、. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS 3 2.1 SAE Publications . 3 2.2 Military Specifications 3 3. TEST SETUP 3 3.1 Air Contamination 3 3.2 Test Fluid 3 3.3 Test Fluid Temperature . 3 3.4 Test Fluid Pressure . 4 3.5 Ambient Temperature . 5 3.6 Inlet Air Temperature 5 3.7 Inlet Air Pressure . 5 3.8 Mounting . 5 3.9
7、Plumbing . 5 3.10 Facility Filters 5 3.11 Functional Cycling Simulation . 5 3.12 Termination of Test . 5 4. TEST CIRCUIT . 6 4.1 Circuit Schematic 6 4.2 Circuit Components . 6 4.2.1 Location . 6 4.2.2 Contamination . 6 4.2.3 Dew Point Hygrometer 6 4.2.4 Hydraulic Cart . 7 4.3 Instrumentation Calibra
8、tion . 7 SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP4014A Page 2 of 9 5. TEST METHOD 7 5.1 Test Preparation 7 5.2 Test . 7 6. TEST DATA 8 6.1 Pre-Test Data 8 6.2 Endurance Test Data 8 6.3 Post-Test Data 8 6.4 Test Record . 8 7. LESSONS LEARNED . 9 8. NOTES 9 Figure 1 Contaminated air test facility . 4 SAE INTERNATIONAL A
9、RP4014A Page 3 of 9 1. SCOPE This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes a method of conducting an endurance test using contaminated air when the applicable specification requires non-recirculation of the contaminants. The objective of the test is to determine the resistance of the engin
10、e mounted components to wear or damage caused by the contaminated air. The method described herein calls for non-recirculation of the contaminants and is intended to provide a uniform distribution of the contaminant at the inlet to the Unit Under Test (UUT). The UUT may require the use of a hydrauli
11、c fluid for actuation of components within the test unit. Contamination of the test hydraulic fluid is not part of this recommended practice. If contaminated hydraulic fluid is required by the applicable test specification, refer to MAP749. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The following publications form a p
12、art of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, th
13、e text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside U
14、SA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. MAP749 Aircraft Turbine Engine Fuel System Component Endurance Test Procedure (Room Temperature Contaminated Fuel) 2.2 Military Specifications Copies of these documents are available online at http:/quicksearch.dla.mil. JSSG-2007 Departme
15、nt of Defense Joint Service Guide Specification, Engines, Aircraft, Turbine 3. TEST SETUP The following subsections describe the recommended test setup. Reference Figure 1. 3.1 Air Contamination The air contamination requirements should be as specified in the applicable specification. Typical milita
16、ry requirements for pneumatic components are given in JSSG-2007. 3.2 Test Actuation Fluid Actuation Fluid, if required, should conform to the applicable specification. The engine primary fuel is recommended, however, if the test facility cannot be safely operated using fuel at high temperature, then
17、 the use of a silicone fluid having a specific gravity or viscosity, or both, similar to the engine fluid is recommended. 3.3 Test Actuation Fluid Temperature Control is required as necessary to keep the UUT within its operational limits. If the UUTs operational limits are subject to condensation of
18、 water or other material such as oil decomposition products or refrigerants, then care should be taken to control the phase distribution. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP4014A Page 4 of 9 3.4 Test Fluid Pressure The test fluid pressure should be as specified by the applicable test specification. Figure 1 - Con
19、taminated air test facility SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP4014A Page 5 of 9 3.5 Ambient Temperature Control required as necessary to keep the UUT within its operational limits. Test equipment used in a hot ambient facility may require special cooling provisions. 3.6 Inlet Air Temperature The air temperature
20、at the inlet of the UUT should be as specified by the applicable specification. The test parameters should be established by the applicable specification to simulate typical conditions during which the component is subject to contamination exposure. If specification guidance is not available, a mini
21、mum of 104 C (220 F) is suggested. 3.7 Inlet Air Pressure The air pressure at the inlet of the UUT should be as specified by the applicable specification. The test parameters should be established by the applicable specification to simulate typical conditions during which the component is subject to
22、 contamination exposure. If specification guidance is not available, a minimum of a minimum of 103 KPa (15 psig) is suggested. 3.8 Mounting Each component should be mounted by its normal mounting pad for a level flight attitude. 3.9 Plumbing Actual installation plumbing should be used when possible
23、for connection of test components if two or more components are tested together. Where actual installation plumbing is not available, line sizes, lengths and bends should be duplicated as closely as possible. The matchup of the inlet airline and the opening in the test unit (if not identical to the
24、engine installation) shall be made to prevent contamination in the inlet air from collecting at this interface outside the UUT. 3.10 Facility Filters A clean-up filter downstream of the facilitys backpressure control valve should be used if there is a concern relative to exhausting contaminated air.
25、 This filter can be a cotton sateen dust bag sized for the exhaust line. 3.11 Functional Cycling Simulation The cyclic variations in air flow rate can be accomplished by using a cycle scheduler. Commercial units are available that can be programmed to provide switch closures at various time interval
26、s. With proper interface equipment, this scheduler would open and close valves in the test unit in addition to opening and closing a solenoid-operated rig bypass valve, in the opposite sense, so that the air flow rate through the facility remains essentially constant. If an automatic cycler is used,
27、 consideration should also be given to incorporating an auto-abort system to prevent inadvertent damage to the UUT or test facility. 3.12 Termination of Test The test should be terminated at a point where the engine system components have been operated as required under the applicable specification.
28、 These components should be functionally tested using the specified clean air after the completion of the contamination test requirements. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP4014A Page 6 of 9 4. TEST CIRCUIT 4.1 Circuit Schematic A typical system arrangement is shown in Figure 1. A parameter legend is as follows:
29、 PFS Hydraulic Fluid Supply Pressure Sensor PFD Hydraulic Fluid Discharge Pressure Sensor TF Hydraulic Fluid Supply Temperature Sensor TIN Air Inlet Temperature Sensor PIN Air Inlet Pressure Sensor P Differential Pressure Sensor 4.2 Circuit Components 4.2.1 Location The functional location of the ci
30、rcuit components should be as shown in Figure 1. The locations of the contamination inputs to the inlet line shall be downstream of the UUT Bypass Valve, so that none of the contamination is dumped overboard. The flow rate in the inlet line shall be sufficient to avoid settling of solid contaminants
31、 and resultant “slugging.“ The physical location of the circuit components will depend greatly on the facility configuration and the temperature of the air being used. The contamination inputs to the inlet line should be as close to the UUT as possible to reduce the amount of contamination that coul
32、d collect on the wall of the inlet line but far enough upstream to ensure contaminant uniformity in the airstream. For most applications, contaminant inputs should be between five and ten duct diameters upstream of the UUT. The inlet line should have a good electrical ground to prevent a build-up of
33、 static electricity which could cause contamination to collect in this line. The location of circuit controls and of measurement device displays or readouts shall be located such that test operators are not exposed to hazards such as high pressure or high temperature air. 4.2.2 Contamination Liquid
34、contaminants, oil and salt water, may be contained in separate reservoirs and pressurized with a regulated supply of shop air. At the outlet of these reservoirs, a microvalve can be used to set the flow rate for each liquid (drops per minute) and this rate continuously supplied to the inlet air duri
35、ng the test. A length of 0.3 to 0.6 cm (1/8 to 1/4 inch) diameter tubing, with a 90 gradual bend, is recommended for supplying the liquid contaminates coaxial and near the center of the inlet air stream. A ball valve or solenoid valve should be installed between the microvalve and inlet line to shut
36、 off these liquid contaminants during facility shutdown. It is recommended to put a liquid level gauge on each reservoir to use as an extra check that the proper flow rate is being applied. NOTE: A microvalve is defined as a valve capable of metering very low flow rates. The standpipe for introducti
37、on of the solid contaminant (sand and road dust) must be located in an operator-safe area, so that measured amounts of contaminant can be added at specific intervals during the test. The length of line between the UUT inlet pipe and standpipe downstream valve is not critical. This line should be a s
38、traight piece of smooth 2.5 cm (1 inch) diameter tubing, and contain no fittings which can trap the solid contaminants. 4.2.3 Dew Point Hygrometer The water vapor in the inlet air can be measured using a Dew Point Hygrometer. The sensor can be mounted within a few feet of the inlet line so long as i
39、t is maintained within its operating temperature limits. The display unit should be located in the operators control console. The bleed-off air line for the sensor should be located upstream of all contamination inputs to the inlet air line to prevent erroneous readings. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP4014A P
40、age 7 of 9 4.2.4 Hydraulic Cart If a hydraulic supply is required, it should be connected to the UUT with actual (or simulated) engine plumbing lines. 4.3 Instrumentation Calibration In absence of company standards on calibration schedules, the instrumentation used should be calibrated within a 30-d
41、ay period prior to starting the test and again within a 30-day period following completion of the test. 5. TEST METHOD 5.1 Test Preparation Each facility system should be adjusted and tested for proper operation prior to starting the test. The regulated air supply to the liquid reservoirs and the mi
42、crovalves should be adjusted to establish the specified flow rate with the microvalves submitted to actual system backpressure. The pressure and time required to blow the solid contaminants into the inlet air line can be tested without this line being connected, but with proper backpressure, to veri
43、fy proper operation of the system. The cycle scheduler, UUT and hydraulic cart should be set up using clean air and run for at least a one hour trial period prior to introducing any contamination. 5.2 Test a. The test system should be started and advanced to the first test condition as required by t
44、he duty cycle at a rate as required by the applicable specification. b. Upon reaching the first test condition, the contamination should be introduced. The ball valves permitting the liquid contamination to enter the system should be fully opened allowing the liquids to drip into the inlet line at t
45、he preset rate established by settings of the microvalves and regulated air supply. To avoid trapping contaminant, the ball valves should be as close as possible to the microvalves. The first charge of solid contamination should be blown into the system during the first cycle. c. Repeated applicatio
46、ns of solid contamination into the system should be applied as required by the applicable specification. d. The flow rate of the liquid contamination into the system should be monitored, recorded, and trimmed if necessary, no less than four times during the test at time intervals when it is planned
47、to consume 20, 40, 60, and 80% of the total liquid contamination. e. Recordings should be made to insure component compliance with the applicable specification. f. The contamination system should be shut down within a one-minute time period and the air flow to the UUT bypassed within the next one-mi
48、nute period in event of a malfunction or scheduled shutdown period. g. Repeat steps a through f until completion of the required number of test hours or cycles. If shutdown/bypass periods are part of the applicable specification, the entire system should remain undisturbed during these shutdown peri
49、ods. If a complete facility shutdown is required, system maintenance may be performed after the shutdown so long as the UUT is not disturbed. SAE INTERNATIONAL ARP4014A Page 8 of 9 5.3 Completion of Cycles Repeat 5.2.a through 5.2.g until completion of the required number of test hours or cycles. 6. TEST DATA 6.1 Pre-Test Data Prior to the start of an endurance test, a detailed test plan is prepared. Typical informati
