1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2017 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/standards.sae.org/AS1356 AEROSPACE STANDARD AS1356 Issued 2012-07 Reaffirmed 2017-05 Supersedes ARP1356 Life Raft
5、s RATIONALE AS1356 has been reaffirmed to comply with the SAE Five-Year Review policy. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 4 1.1 Purpose . 4 2. REFERENCES 4 2.1 Applicable Documents 4 2.1.1 SAE Publications . 4 2.1.2 AATCC Publications . 4 2.1.3 ANSI Publications . 4 2.1.4 ASTM Publications 5 2.1.5 Code of F
6、ederal Regulations (CFR) . 5 2.1.6 FAA Publications . 5 2.1.7 IMO and SOLAS Publications . 5 2.1.8 ISO Publications 5 2.1.9 NTIS Publications 6 2.1.10 RTCA Publications 6 2.1.11 U.S. Army Publications . 6 2.1.12 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Publications . 6 2.1.13 U.S. Government Pub
7、lications 6 2.2 Related Publications . 7 2.2.1 SAE Publications . 7 2.2.2 Canadian Government Publications . 7 2.2.3 Code of Federal Regulations 7 2.2.4 EASA Publications 7 2.2.5 FAA Publications . 8 2.2.6 IMO and SOLAS Publications . 8 2.2.7 ISO Publications 8 2.2.8 U.K. Government Publications 8 2
8、.2.9 Other . 8 2.3 Definitions . 9 2.4 Mandating and Recommending Words 11 3. GENERAL . 113.1 Type 113.1.1 Type I Life Raft 113.1.2 Type II Life Raft . 113.1.3 Type Marking 123.2 Material and Workmanship . 123.2.1 Nonmetallic Material . 123.2.2 Fabric Material - General 123.2.3 Protection 143.2.4 Re
9、sistance to Environmental Conditions 143.2.5 Flammability 153.3 General Requirements 153.4 Conspicuity 153.4.1 Color 153.4.2 Retro-Reflective Material 154. BUOYANCY 174.1 General . 174.2 Buoyancy Chamber 174.3 Freeboard 184.4 Occupancy Rating . 185. INFLATION SYSTEM 185.1 Life Raft Inflation Provisi
10、on . 185.2 Pressure Retention - Overpressure 195.3 Overpressure Protection . 195.4 Manual Inflation . 195.5 Inflation Equipment . 206. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 206.1 Inflation and Deployment Tests 206.2 Stability/Capsize Resistance . 216.2.1 Capsize Resistance Tests - Boarding . 216.2.2 Capsize Resi
11、stance Tests - Adverse Loading 216.2.3 Stability 226.3 Entry/Boarding Station 236.4 Righting Means on Non-Reversible Life Rafts 236.5 Canopy 236.6 Markings 257. CONTAINER/VALISE . 257.1 Life Raft Protection 257.2 Material . 257.3 Handles . 257.4 Closures 257.5 Inflation Means Location . 267.6 Operat
12、ing Instructions . 267.7 Identification in Stowage . 267.8 Marking Characteristics 267.9 Nomenclature 268. ATTACHED EQUIPMENT 268.1 Accessory Case 278.2 Mooring-Inflation Line . 278.3 Sea Anchor (Drogue) 278.4 Heaving-Trailing Line and Rescue Quoit 288.5 Lifeline - Grab Line 298.6 Life Raft Knife 29
13、_SAE INTERNATIONAL AS1356 2 of 358.7 Water Removal . 298.7.1 Bailer . 298.7.2 Sponge 298.8 Light - Internal and External 308.9 Repair Means 309. IMMEDIATE ACTION INSTRUCTIONS . 309.1 Format and Location . 309.2 Readability 309.3 Content 3110. NOTES 32APPENDIX A TEST SUBJECT REQUIREMENTS . 33APPENDIX
14、 B FTMS 191, METHOD 5136 . 34FIGURE 1 RETRO-REFLECTIVE MATERIAL EXAMPLE . 16FIGURE 2 RETRO-REFLECTIVE MATERIAL EXAMPLE . 17_SAE INTERNATIONAL AS1356 3 of 351. SCOPE This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes Minimum Performance Standards (MPS) for life rafts carried on board aircraft. This documen
15、t is not intended to specify particular design methods, mechanisms, or equipment to be used to accomplish the objectives established herein.1.1 Purpose The purpose of this AS is to improve the performance of life rafts carried on transport aircraft, by ensuring that their design and function support
16、 rapid and effective use as group flotation aids after an emergency landing in water (ditching). 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of ot
17、her publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the publication of this document, unless otherwise specified. In the event of conflict between the text of this document and references cited herein, the text of this document takes precedence. Nothing in this document, however, supersedes
18、 applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.ARP577 Emergency Placarding
19、 - Internal and External AS1241 Fire Resistant Phosphate Ester Hydraulic Fluid for Aircraft 2.1.2 AATCC Publications Available from American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists, 1 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-2215.AATCC Test Method 183-2000 Transmittance or Blocking of Ery
20、themally Weighted Ultraviolet Radiation Through Fabrics 2.1.3 ANSI Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ANSI Z535.3-2002 Criteria for safety symbols (Annex A: Principles and guidelines for gra
21、phical design of hazard symbols). (Published by National Electrical Manufacturers Association, 1300 N. 17th Street, Rosslyn, VA 22209) ANSI/NCSL Z540-1-1994 Calibration Laboratories and Measuring and Test Equipment - General Requirements _SAE INTERNATIONAL AS1356 4 of 352.1.4 ASTM Publications Avail
22、able from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org.ASTM D1434-82 Standard Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting, Procedure V ASTM D4060 Standard Test Method for Abra
23、sion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser 2.1.5 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Available from the United States Government Printing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401, Tel: 202-512-0000, www.gpoaccess.gov.14 CFR 1 Definitions and Abbreviations 14 CFR 25 Airw
24、orthiness Standards: Transport Category Airplanes 2.1.6 FAA Publications Available from Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20591, Tel: 866-835-5322, www.faa.gov.FAA TSO-C85b Survivor Locator Lights FAA TSO-C142a Non-rechargeable Lithium Cells and Batteries F
25、AA TSO-C168 Aviation Visual Distress Signals 2.1.7 IMO and SOLAS Publications Available from Publishing Service, International Maritime Organization (IMO), 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), Chapter III, Part C, Section
26、 1, Regulation 30 and Section IV, Regulation 38 and 39 IMO Resolution A. 658 (16) Annex 2, Maritime Safety Committee MSC 70/23/Add.1 ANNEX 6, Revised Recommendation on Testing of Life-Saving Appliances 2.1.8 ISO Publications Available from ANSI or International Organization for Standardization, 1, r
27、ue de Varembe, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +41-22-749-01-11, www.iso.org.ISO 9186:2001 Procedures for the development and testing of graphical symbols ISO/IEC 17025:2000 General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories _SAE INTERNATIONAL AS135
28、6 5 of 352.1.9 NTIS Publications Available from National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, Alexandria, VA 22312, Tel: 703-605-6000, www.ntis.gov.NTIS ADA406674 CAESAR: Summary Statistics for the Adult Population (Ages 18-65) of the United States of America 2.1.10 RTCA Publi
29、cations Available from Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics Inc., 1828 L Street, NW, Suite 805, Washington, DC 20036, Tel: 202-833-9339, www.rtca.org.RTCA DO-160G Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment 2.1.11 U.S. Army Publications Available from U.S. Army Natick S
30、oldier Research, Development and Engineering Center, ATTN RDNS-WSH-E (S. Paquette), Kansas Street, Natick, MA 01760-5020. NATICK/TR-09/014 Anthropometric Survey (ANSUR) II Pilot Study: Methods and Summary Statistics 2.1.12 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Publications Available from Cent
31、ers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, 3311 Toledo Road Hyattsville, MD 20782 http:/www.cdc.gov/nchsAnthropometric Reference Data for Children and Adults: United States, 2003-2006, DHHS Publication No. (PHS) 2009-1250, CS121840, T32709 (10/2008) http:/www.cdc.
32、gov/nchs/data/nhsr/nhsr010.pdf2.1.13 U.S. Government Publications Available from the Document Automation and Production Service (DAPS), Building 4/D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Tel: 215-697-6257, http:/assist.daps.dla.mil/quicksearch/.Department of Transportation Specifications
33、 3AA (49 CFR 178.37), 3HT (49 CFR 178.44), 3AL (49 CFR 178.46), FRP 1 (49 CFR 178.AA), and CFFCFederal Test Method Standard (FTMS) 191, dated December 31, 1968 Federal Test Method Standard (FTMS) 191A, dated July 20, 1978 MIL-C-19002D Cloth, Coated, and Strip, Coated Cloth - Polychloroprene on Nylon
34、 MIL-DTL-5624 Detail Specification, Turbine Fuel, Aviation Grades JP-4, JP-5, and JP-5/JP-8 ST MIL-PRF-23699 Performance Specification, Lubricating Oil, Aircraft Turbine Engine, Synthetic Base, NATO Code Number O-156 MIL-STD-810G Environmental Test Methods and Engineering Guidelines (31 Oct 2008) MS
35、27826A Plug Assembly (Sealing Clamp) Life Raft Repair (29 Aug 1975) _SAE INTERNATIONAL AS1356 6 of 352.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Aerospace Standard.2.2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE Int
36、ernational, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.ARP1146 Combination Evacuation Slide/Raft - Civil Air Transport ARP1282B Survival Kit - Life Rafts and Slide/Rafts AS4492 Survivor Locator Lights 2.2.2
37、Canadian Government Publications Available from Canada Communication Group - Publishing, Ottawa, Canada K1A 0S9, www.tc.gc.caCanadian Aviation Regulations, Part VI, General Operating and Flight Rules, Subpart 2 - Operating and Flight Rules, 602.63 Life Rafts and Survival Equipment - Flights Over Wat
38、er2.2.3 Code of Federal Regulations Available from the United States Government Printing Office, 732 North Capitol Street, NW, Washington, DC 20401, Tel: 202-512-0000, www.gpoaccess.gov.14 CFR 21 (Subpart O) Technical Standard Order Authorizations 14 CFR 91 General Operating and Flight Rules 14 CFR
39、121 Certification and Operations: Domestic, Flag and Supplemental Operations 14 CFR 125 Certification and Operations: Airplanes Having a Seating Capacity of 20 or More Passengers or a Maximum Payload Capacity of 6000 Pounds or More and Rules Governing Persons on Board Such Aircraft14 CFR 135 Operati
40、ng Requirements: Commuter and on Demand Operations and Rules Governing Persons on Board Such Aircraft 2.2.4 EASA Publications Available from European Aviation Safety Agency, Postfach 10 12 53, D-50452 Koeln, Germany, Tel: +49-221-8999-000, www.easa.europa.euCS-25 Certification Specification for Larg
41、e AeroplanesEASA ETSO-C69c Emergency Evacuation Slides, Ramps, Ramp/Slides, and Slide/Rafts EASA ETSO-2C70a Life Rafts (Reversible and Nonreversible) EASA ETSO-2C505 Helicopter Life Rafts for Operations to or from Helidecks located in a Hostile Sea Area _SAE INTERNATIONAL AS1356 7 of 352.2.5 FAA Pub
42、lications Available from Federal Aviation Administration, 800 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20591, Tel: 866-835-5322, www.faa.gov.FAA TSO-C12c Life Rafts (Twin Tube) (Active Historical - Not Available for New Approvals) FAA TSO-C69c Emergency Evacuation Slides, Ramps, Ramp/Slides, and Slid
43、e/RaftsFAA TSO-C70a Life Rafts (Reversible and Nonreversible) 2.2.6 IMO and SOLAS PublicationsAvailable from Publishing Service, International Maritime Organization (IMO), 4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, United Kingdom. Maritime Safety Committee MSC 70/23/Add.1 ANNEX 6, Revised Recommendations
44、on Testing of Life-Saving Appliances2.2.7 ISO Publications Available from ANSI or International Organization for Standardization, 1, rue de Varembe, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland, Tel: +41-22-749-01-11, www.iso.org.ISO 3461 General principles for the creation of graphical symbols.I
45、SO 7239:1984 Development and principles for application of public information symbols ISO 9650-1:2005 Small Craft - Inflatable Liferafts - Part 1: Type I 2.2.8 U.K. Government Publications Available from Stationery Office, P.O. Box 29, Norwich, NR3 1GN, England Civil Aviation Authority, Specificatio
46、n No. 2 Issue 22.2.9 Other Brajkovic, D. ISO 17025:2000). CALM WATER: A body of water in which waves or swells, without foam crests, do not exceed 0.25 ft (7.62 cm). CHILLED HANDS TEST: A method to simulate the reduced dexterity of chilled hands that may occur during an emergency in a cold environme
47、nt. A Test Subject simultaneously submerges left and right forearms and hands in 50 F (10 C) water for 2 min, quickly dries and immediately attempts (within 5 s after withdrawal from the water) to open/operate designated packaging/equipment. The Test Subject should be healthy and wear a loose-fitting, sleeveless upper garment that will not inhibit blood-flow to the arms and hands. (Alternate: GLOVED HANDS TEST) COMPREHENSIBLE: Readily understood - as
