1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro
2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT
3、 ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.orgCopyright 1992 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001INFORMATIONREPORTAn American National StandardJ1397REV.MAY92Issued 1982-
4、07Revised 1992-05Superseding J1397 DEC88(R) ESTIMATED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MACHINABILITY OF STEEL BARSForewordThis Document has also changed to comply with the new SAE Technical Standards Board format.1. ScopeThis SAE Information Report is intended to provide a guide to mechanical and machinabi
5、litycharacteristics of some SAE steel grades. The ratings and properties shown are provided as generalinformation and not as requirements for specifications unless each instance is approved by the source ofsupply. The data are based on resources which may no longer be totally accurate. However, this
6、 report isretained as a service in lieu of current data.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationThe following publication forms a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein.U. S. Air Force Machinability Report, Volume 2, 1951, published by Curtiss-Wright Corporation2.2 Related Publicati
7、onsThe following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not arequired part of this document.Metals Handbook, 8th ed., Volume 3, Machining, American Society for Metals, Metals Park, OH 44073.Machining Data Handbook, Volumes 1 and 2.Machinability Data Center, Metcut Research A
8、ssociates, 3980 Rosslyn Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45209.3. Carbon SteelMechanical properties and machinability ratings for carbon steel grades 10xx, 11xx, 12xx, and15xx are listed in Tables 1, 2, and 3. These properties can generally be expected from bars ranging in sizefrom 20 to 30 mm (3/4 to 1-1/4 in
9、) based on the standard round tensile test specimen with 50 mm (2 in) gagelength.Sizes under 20 mm (3/4 in) will show a strength which is slightly higher than those shown in the Tables. Themass effect of larger sections has a direct influence on mechanical properties and results in slightly lowerval
10、ues as the section size increases.SAE J1397 Revised MAY92-2-Properties of turned and polished or turned and ground types of cold finished material will correspond to thehot rolled values.The cold drawn properties are based on conventional production from hot rolled bars.Cold drawn carbon steel bars
11、in grades 1042 and higher are frequently thermally treated prior to cold drawingto enhance machinability.4. Alloy SteelHardness and machinability ratings for cold drawn alloy steel bars are listed in Table 4 with theappropriate microstructure. The microstructure listed for alloy steels in Table 4 is
12、 identified as follows:a. Type APredominantly lamellar pearlite and ferrite.b. Type BPredominantly spheroidized.c. Type CThis is a hot rolled structure which depends upon grade, size, and rolling conditions of theproducing mill. The structure may be coarse or fine pearlite or bainite. The pearlite a
13、t lowmagnification may be blocky or acicular. For descriptive information, see U. S. Air Force MachinabilityReport, Volume 2, 1951, published by Curtiss-Wright Corporation.d. Type DThis is a structure resulting from a subcritical anneal or temper anneal. It is usually agranular or spheroidized carbi
14、de condition confined to the hot rolled grain pattern, which may be blockyor acicular.5. MachinabilityWhile it is recognized that the views regarding alloy steel machinability vary considerably, it isbelieved that the ratings contained in this report reflect current industry experience. The data on
15、which theratings were based were obtained by a detailed survey of both producers and users. The data summarize thecombined experience of both groups. Various factors influence machinability and, therefore, results shown inTable 1 are average and may be affected to some degree by the amount of cold r
16、eduction, mechanicalproperties, grain size, microstructure, type of tooling, and machining operation(s) performed.The machinability ratings listed are based on a value of 100% for SAE 1212 cold drawn steel. This valueinvolves turning at a cutting speed of 55 m (180 surface feet) per minute for feeds
17、 up to 0.18 mm (0.007 in) perrevolution and depths of cut up to 6.4 mm (0.250 in), using appropriate cutting fluids with high speed steeltools, SAE Grade T-1 (18-4-1) hardened to 63-65 HRC (SAE J437, J438).Most low carbon alloy steels are machined in the as-rolled or as-rolled and cold drawn or cold
18、 finishedcondition. Higher carbon alloy steels and high hardenability low carbon steels, such as SAE 9310, may beconditioned for machining by a variety of heat treatments. Thermal treatments used to condition these steelsfor machining include subcritical annealing, annealing for softening to no spec
19、ified structure, annealing to aspecified structure such as lamellar pearlite or a percentage of lamellar pearlite and spheroidization, or to afully spheroidized condition.The structures imparted to the bars are evaluated in the machining operation by the tooling setup and the typeof tool used. It is
20、 possible to use widely diverging hardnesses and structures with different tooling setups andobtain satisfactory results both as to finish and parts per hour.SAE J1397 Revised MAY92-3-TABLE 1ESTIMATED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MACHINABILITY RATINGSOF NONRESULFURIZED CARBON STEEL BARS, MANGANESE 1.00
21、% MAXIMUMUNSNo.SAEand/orAISI No.Type ofProcessingTensileStrengthMPaTensileStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthMPaEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesElongationin2 in, %ReductioninArea %BrinellHardnessAverageMachinabilityRating(Cold Drawn)1212=100%G10060 1006 Hot Rol
22、led 300 43 000 170 24 000 30 55 8650Cold Drawn 330 48 000 280 41 000 20 45 95G10080 1008 Hot Rolled 303 44 000 170 24 500 30 55 8655Cold Drawn 340 49 000 290 41 500 20 45 95G10100 1010 Hot Rolled 320 47 000 180 26 000 28 50 9555Cold Drawn 370 53 000 300 44 000 20 40 105G10120 1012 Hot Rolled 330 48
23、000 180 26 500 28 50 9555Cold Drawn 370 54 000 310 45 000 19 40 105G10150 1015 Hot Rolled 340 50 000 190 27 500 28 50 10160Cold Drawn 390 56 000 320 47 000 18 40 111G10160 1016 Hot Rolled 380 55 000 210 30 000 25 50 11170Cold Drawn 420 61 000 350 51 000 18 40 121G10170 1017 Hot Rolled 370 53 000 200
24、 29 000 26 50 10565Cold Drawn 410 59 000 340 49 000 18 40 116G10180 1018 Hot Rolled 400 58 000 220 32 000 25 50 11670Cold Drawn 440 64 000 370 54 000 15 40 126G10190 1019 Hot Rolled 410 59 000 220 32 500 25 50 11670Cold Drawn 460 66 000 380 55 000 15 40 131G10200 1020 Hot Rolled 380 55 000 210 30 00
25、0 25 50 11165Cold Drawn 420 61 000 350 51 000 15 40 121G10210 1021 Hot Rolled 420 61 000 230 33 000 24 48 11670Cold Drawn 470 68 000 390 57 000 15 40 131G10220 1022 Hot Rolled 430 62 000 230 34 000 23 47 12170Cold Drawn 480 69 000 400 58 000 15 40 137G10230 1023 Hot Rolled 370 56 000 210 31 000 25 5
26、0 11165Cold Drawn 430 62 000 360 52 500 15 40 121G10250 1025 Hot Rolled 400 58 000 220 32 000 25 50 11665Cold Drawn 440 64 000 370 54 000 15 40 126G10260 1026 Hot Rolled 440 64 000 240 35 000 24 49 12675Cold Drawn 490 71 000 410 60 000 15 40 143SAE J1397 Revised MAY92-4-G10300 1030 Hot Rolled 470 68
27、 000 260 37 500 20 42 13770Cold Drawn 520 76 000 440 64 000 12 35 149G10350 1035 Hot Rolled 500 72 000 270 39 500 18 40 14365Cold Drawn 550 80 000 460 67 000 12 35 163G10370 1037 Hot Rolled 510 74 000 280 40 500 18 40 14365Cold Drawn 570 82 000 480 69 000 12 35 167G10380 1038 Hot Rolled 520 75 000 2
28、80 41 000 18 40 14965Cold Drawn 570 83 000 480 70 000 12 35 163G10390 1039 Hot Rolled 540 79 000 300 43 500 16 40 15660Cold Drawn 610 88 000 510 74 000 12 35 179G10400 1040 Hot Rolled 520 76 000 290 42 000 18 40 14960Cold Drawn 590 85 000 490 71 000 12 35 170G10420 1042 Hot Rolled 550 80 000 300 44
29、000 16 40 16360Cold Drawn 610 89 000 520 75 000 12 35 179NCD(1) 590 85 000 500 73 000 12 45 179 70G10430 1043 Hot Rolled 570 82 000 310 45 000 16 40 16360Cold Drawn 630 91 000 530 77 000 12 35 179NCD(1) 600 87 000 520 75 000 12 45 179 70G10440 1044 Hot Rolled 550 80 000 300 44 000 16 40 163G10450 10
30、45 Hot Rolled 570 82 000 310 45 000 16 40 16355Cold Drawn 630 91 000 530 77 000 12 35 179ACD(2) 590 85 000 500 73 000 12 45 170 65G10460 1046 Hot Rolled 590 85 000 320 47 000 15 40 17055Cold Drawn 650 94 000 540 79 000 12 35 187ACD(2) 620 90 000 520 75 000 12 45 179 65G10490 1049 Hot Rolled 600 87 0
31、00 330 48 000 15 35 17945Cold Drawn 670 97 000 560 81 500 10 30 197ACD(2) 630 92 000 530 77 000 10 40 187 55G10500 1050 Hot Rolled 620 90 000 340 49 500 15 35 17945Cold Drawn 690 100 000 580 84 000 10 30 197ACD(2) 660 95 000 550 80 000 10 40 189 55TABLE 1ESTIMATED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MACHINABI
32、LITY RATINGSOF NONRESULFURIZED CARBON STEEL BARS, MANGANESE 1.00% MAXIMUM (CONTINUED)UNSNo.SAEand/orAISI No.Type ofProcessingTensileStrengthMPaTensileStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthMPaEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesElongationin2 in, %ReductioninArea %Brine
33、llHardnessAverageMachinabilityRating(Cold Drawn)1212=100%SAE J1397 Revised MAY92-5-G10550 1055 Hot Rolled 650 94 000 360 51 500 12 30 19255ACD(2) 660 96 000 560 81 000 10 40 197G10600 1060 Hot Rolled 680 98 000 370 54 000 12 30 20160SACD(3) 620 90 000 480 70 000 10 45 183G10640 1064 Hot Rolled 670 9
34、7 000 370 53 500 12 30 201SACD(3) 610 89 000 480 69 000 10 45 183 60G10650 1065 Hot Rolled 690 100 000 380 55 000 12 30 207SACD(3) 630 92 000 490 71 000 10 45 187 60G10700 1070 Hot Rolled 700 102 000 390 56 000 12 30 212SACD(3) 640 93 000 500 72 000 10 45 192 55G10740 1074 Hot Rolled 720 105 000 400
35、 58 000 12 30 217SACD(3) 650 94 500 500 73 000 10 40 192 55G10780 1078 Hot Rolled 690 100 000 380 55 000 12 30 207SACD(3) 650 94 000 500 72 500 10 40 192 55G10800 1080 Hot Rolled 770 112 000 420 61 500 10 25 229SACD(3) 680 98 000 520 75 000 10 40 192 45G10840 1084 Hot Rolled 820 119 000 450 65 500 1
36、0 25 241SACD(3) 690 100 000 530 77 000 10 40 192 45G10850 1085 Hot Rolled 830 121 000 460 66 500 10 25 248SACD(3) 690 100 500 540 78 000 10 40 192 45G10860 1086 Hot Rolled 770 112 000 420 61 500 10 25 229SACD(3) 670 97 000 510 74 000 10 40 192 45G10900 1090 Hot Rolled 840 122 000 460 67 000 10 25 24
37、8SACD(3) 700 101 000 540 78 000 10 40 197 45G10950 1095 Hot Rolled 830 120 000 460 66 000 10 25 248SACD(3) 680 99 000 520 76 000 10 40 197 451. NCD represents normalized cold drawn.2. ACD represents annealed cold drawn.3. SACD represents spheroidized annealed cold drawn.TABLE 1ESTIMATED MECHANICAL P
38、ROPERTIES AND MACHINABILITY RATINGSOF NONRESULFURIZED CARBON STEEL BARS, MANGANESE 1.00% MAXIMUM (CONTINUED)UNSNo.SAEand/orAISI No.Type ofProcessingTensileStrengthMPaTensileStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthMPaEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesElongationin2 in,
39、%ReductioninArea %BrinellHardnessAverageMachinabilityRating(Cold Drawn)1212=100%SAE J1397 Revised MAY92-6-TABLE 2ESTIMATED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MACHINABILITY RATINGSOF RESULFURIZED CARBON STEEL BARS(1)1. All 1100 and 1200 series steels are rated on the basis of 0.10% maximum silicon or coarse g
40、rain melting practice.UNSNo.SAEand/orAISI No.Type ofProcessingTensileStrengthMPaTensileStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthMPaEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesElongationin2 in, %ReductioninArea %BrinellHardnessAverageMachinabilityRating(Cold Drawn)1212=100%G11080
41、 1108 Hot Rolled 340 50 000 190 27 500 30 50 101Cold Drawn 390 56 000 320 47 000 20 40 121 80G11170 1117 Hot Rolled 430 62 000 230 34 000 23 47 121Cold Drawn 480 69 000 400 58 000 15 40 137 90G11320 1132 Hot Rolled 570 83 000 310 45 500 16 40 167Cold Drawn 630 92 000 530 77 000 12 35 183 75G11370 11
42、37 Hot Rolled 610 88 000 330 48 000 15 35 179Cold Drawn 680 98 000 570 82 000 10 30 197 70G11400 1140 Hot Rolled 540 79 000 300 43 500 16 40 156Cold Drawn 610 88 000 510 74 000 12 35 170 70G11410 1141 Hot Rolled 650 94 000 360 51 500 15 35 187Cold Drawn 720 105 100 610 88 000 10 30 212 70G11440 1144
43、 Hot Rolled 670 97 000 370 53 000 15 35 197Cold Drawn 740 108 000 620 90 000 10 30 217 80G11460 1146 Hot Rolled 590 85 000 320 47 000 15 40 170Cold Drawn 650 94 000 550 80 000 12 35 187 70G11510 1151 Hot Rolled 630 92 000 340 50 500 15 35 187Cold Drawn 700 102 000 590 86 000 10 30 207 65G12110 1211
44、Hot Rolled 380 55 000 230 33 000 25 45 121Cold Drawn 520 75 000 400 58 000 10 35 163 95G12120 1212 Hot Rolled 390 56 000 230 33 500 25 45 121Cold Drawn 540 78 000 410 60 000 10 35 167 100G12130 1213 Hot Rolled 390 56 000 230 33 500 25 45 121Cold Drawn 540 78 000 410 60 000 10 35 167 135G12144 12L14
45、Hot Rolled 390 57 000 230 34 000 22 45 121Cold Drawn 540 78 000 410 60 000 10 35 163 160SAE J1397 Revised MAY92-7-TABLE 3ESTIMATED MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND MACHINABILITY RATINGS OF NONRESULFURIZED CARBON STEEL BARS, MANGANESE MAXIMUM OVER 1.00%UNSNo.SAEand/orAISI No.Type ofProcessingTensileStrength
46、MPaTensileStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthMPaEstimatedMinimumValuesYieldStrengthpsiEstimatedMinimumValuesElongationin2 in, %ReductioninArea %BrinellHardnessAverageMachinabilityRating(Cold Drawn)1212=100%G15240 1524 Hot Rolled 510 74 000 280 41 000 20 42 149Cold Drawn 570 82 000 480 69
47、000 12 35 163 60G15270 1527 Hot Rolled 520 75 000 280 41 000 18 40 149Cold Drawn 570 83 000 480 70 000 12 35 163 65G15360 1536 Hot Rolled 570 83 000 310 45 500 16 40 163Cold Drawn 630 92 000 530 77 500 12 35 187 55G15410 1541 Hot Rolled 630 92 000 350 51 000 15 40 187Cold Drawn 710 102 500 600 87 00
48、0 10 30 207 45ACD (1)1. ACD represents annealed cold drawn.650 94 000 550 80 000 10 45 184 60G15480 1548 Hot Rolled 660 96 000 370 53 000 14 33 197Cold Drawn 730 106 500 620 89 500 10 28 217 45ACD(1) 640 93 500 540 78 500 10 35 192 50G15520 1552 Hot Rolled 740 108 000 410 59 500 12 30 217ACD(1) 680
49、98 000 570 83 000 10 40 193 50SAE J1397 Revised MAY92-8-TABLE 4MACHINABILITY OF ALLOY STEELUNSNo.AISI and/orSAE No.MachinabilityRating ConditionRange ofTypicalHardnessHBMicrostructureType(1)G13300 1330 55 Annealed and Cold Drawn 179/235 AG13350 1335 55 Annealed and Cold Drawn 179/235 AG13400 1340 50 Annealed and Cold Drawn 183/241 AG13450 1345 45 Annealed and Cold Drawn 183/241 AG40230 4023 70 Cold Drawn 156/207 CG40240 4024 75 Cold Drawn 156/207 CG40270 4027 70 Annealed and Cold Drawn 167/212 AG40280 4028 75 Annealed and Cold Drawn 167/212 AG40320 4032 70 Annealed and Cold D
