1、_ 6$(7HFKQLFDO6WDQGDUGV%RDUG5XOHVSURYLGHWKDW7KLVUHSRUWLVSX EOLVKHGE6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQLFDODQGHQJL neering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, LVWKHVROHUHVSRQ
2、VLELOLWRIWKHXVHU SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2016 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,
3、stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0
4、790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1790_201612 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J DEC2016 Issued 1998-06 Revised 2016-12 Superseding J1790 MAY2008 Self-P
5、ropelled Sweepers and Scrubbers Steering Requirements Single-Circuit Hydraulic Servo-Assisted Systems RATIONALE The document has been revised to update the referenced documents. 1. SCOPE The SAE Standard applies to self-propelled, driver-operated sweepers and scrubbers as defined in SAE J2130-1 and
6、SAE J2130-2. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this document is to establish the minimum requirements for a steering mechanism that is of a single-circuit hydraulic servo-assisted system without any mechanical linkage to the road wheels, as typically depicted in Figure 1. Figure 1 - General layout of syste
7、m SAE INTERNATIONAL - DEC2016 Page 2 of 5 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Document The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publication Available from SAE Internat
8、ional, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J2130-1 Identification of Self-Propelled Sweepers and Cleaning Equipment Part 1 - Machines with a Gross Vehicle Mass Greater than 5000 kg SAE J2130-2
9、 Identification of Self-Propelled Sweepers and Cleaning Equipment Part 2 - Machines with a Gross Vehicle Mass Up to 5000 kg 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Technical Report. 2.2.1 SAE Publication A
10、vailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1511/ISO 5010:1994 Steering for Off-Road Rubber-Tired Machines 2.2.2 ISO Publications Copies of these documents are availa
11、ble online at http:/webstore.ansi.org/ ISO 789-11:1996 Agricultural tractors - Test procedures - Part 11: Steering capability of wheeled tractors ISO 5010:1992 Earth-moving machinery - Rubber-tired machines - Steering requirements ISO 10998:1995 Agricultural wheeled tractors - Steering requirements
12、3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 STEERING MECHANISM All equipment needed to steer the machine. 3.2 HYDRAULIC SERVO-ASSISTED SYSTEM A system that meters a pressurized flow of fluid from an energy source (e.g., pump) to a steering device (e.g., cylinder) that is linked to the steered road wheels. The metered fluid
13、output is also proportional to the movement of a steering control (e.g., wheel). Additionally, the system can pump fluid to the steering device by manual effort in the event of failure of the fluid power energy source. 3.3 STEERING WHEEL Type of steering control that is generally round and alters th
14、e direction of movement by rotary motion. SAE INTERNATIONAL - DEC2016 Page 3 of 5 3.4 STEERED ROAD WHEELS 3.4.1 Wheels, the alignment of which can be altered in relation to the machine in order to obtain a change in the direction of movement of the machine. 3.4.2 All wheels of an articulated machine
15、. 3.5 FLUID POWER ENERGY SOURCE A hydraulic pump means to power the steering system. The pump may be arranged to serve only the steering system (dedicated) or arranged to serve not only the steering system but other hydraulic duties as well (shared). 3.6 SINGLE CIRCUIT A hydraulic circuit where ther
16、e is only one fluid power energy source and one pressure conduit from it to the metering control unit as depicted in Figure 1. 3.7 STEERING DEVICE A fluid power cylinder or actuator that is mechanically linked to the steered road wheels in order to alter the direction of movement. 3.8 TURNING RADIUS
17、 Radius of the circular path described by the center of tire contact with the surface of the test site of the wheel describing the largest circle. 3.9 NON REACTIVE A system where there is no feedback from the steering function. 3.10 REACTIVE A system where feed-back from the steering function may be
18、 felt in the steering wheel. 4. SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS 4.1 The steering wheel shall be easy to use and grip. It shall be designed in such a way as to permit gradual deflection. The direction of movement of the top of the steering wheel shall correspond to the desired change in the direction of the mac
19、hine. 4.2 Steering wheel play or lash within the steering control unit shall not exceed 8 degrees from the neutral position to a position where perceptible road wheel movement is observed. 4.3 With the fluid power energy source inert, rotary motion of the steering wheel under the influence of manual
20、 effort shall alter the direction of machine movement by supplying a metered supply of pressurized fluid to the steering device. 4.4 One or more pressure limitation devices shall protect the whole or parts of the fluid power circuit against excess pressure. At all times, protection shall be afforded
21、 to individual components and conduits. 4.5 The burst pressure ratings of fluid conduits shall be four (4) times the maximum operating pressure permitted by the pressure limitation devices. The fluid conduits shall be protected and arranged in such a way that risks from damage by impact or interfere
22、nce are reduced to a minimum. 4.6 7KHIOXLGSRZHUHQHUJVRXUFHVKDOOEHDFWLYHZKHQHYHUWKHPDFKLQHVSULPHPRYHU power source is active. SAE INTERNATIONAL - DEC2016 Page 4 of 5 4.7 For vehicles with speeds greater than 20 km/hour, a warning device shall be provided to indicate a failure of the fluid power energ
23、y source, e.g., loss of fluid, loss of pressure, or both. The device shall be audible or visual or both. In the case of a common reservoir being used to serve the steering pump and other hydraulic services, a low-pressure warning device shall be installed to indicate pressure loss in the event of a
24、failure. This warning device shall also be applied in the case of the steering pump performing other hydraulic duties as in a shared system. 4.8 In systems where the steering pump performs other hydraulic duties as in a shared system as well as steering, priority shall be given to the steering syste
25、m. 5. PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 5.1 Steering Control The steering system may be of the following styles a. Non-reactive system, preventing external shock forces reacting in the steering system to move the steering wheel b. Reactive system allowing shock forces to react in the steering system. Both ci
26、rcuit systems are shown typically in Figure 2. NOTE: In the cases of reactive systems, the displacement of the steering device shall be equal in each direction, shown typically in Figure 2. Figure 2 - Reactive and non-reactive systems 5.2 Steering Effort The machine, from a straight ahead direction,
27、 shall be able to execute a steering maneuver when negotiating the test course shown in the diagram (see Figure 3) between Point A and B within the limits given in 5.2.1 and 5.2.2. Point A is when the machine leaves the straight-ahead direction and point B is where it has achieved a 12.0 m turning r
28、adius. The speed for performing the maneuver shall be 10 km/hour 2 km/hour. In the case of machines with a maximum speed of less than 10 km/hour, then speed shall be the maximum attainable. SAE INTERNATIONAL - DEC2016 Page 5 of 5 Figure 3 - Test course 5.2.1 Under normal working conditions, the stee
29、ring effort required to perform the maneuver shall not exceed 250 N and the duration to achieve the specified turning radius shall not exceed 4 seconds for machines capable of over 25 km/hour. For speeds of 25 km/hour and less, the duration shall not exceed 5 seconds. 5.2.2 Under conditions where th
30、e fluid power energy source has failed or is inert, the steering effort required to perform the maneuver shall not exceed 600 N and the duration to achieve the specified turning radius shall not exceed 6 seconds for machines capable of over 25 km/hour. For speeds of 25 km/hour and less, the duration
31、 shall not exceed 8 seconds. 5.3 Steering Rate The output of the fluid power energy source and metering displacement of the control unit shall permit a steering wheel rotational speed of 80 rpm minimum without the control unit acting to manually pump fluid. Under engine idling conditions, the steeri
32、ng wheel rotational speed may be reduced to a minimum of 40 rpm. 6. NOTES 6.1 Revision Indicator A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. A
33、n (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE MACHINERY TECHNICAL COMMITTEE MTC SC2 SWEEPERS AND SCRUBBERS
