1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2010 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication ma
3、y be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside US
4、A) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2848/1_201004SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ2848-1 APR2010 Issued 2010-04 Tire Pressure Mon
5、itoring Systems For Medium and Heavy Duty Highway Vehicles RATIONALENot applicable. FOREWORDToday the world of mobility is served extensively by tires which are pneumatic in design. To function correctly these tire designs need pneumatic pressure to derive their performance characteristics optimum t
6、read wear, fuel economy, ride quality, or fatigue life hence the value of keeping the retained pressure at design levels ranks high.While periodic inspection and the periodic action of adjusting the inflation pressure while a vehicle is at rest has been the norm for maintaining pressure, the need to
7、 hold tire inflation pressures closer to their design targets over time, and the need to make the driver aware of the status of tire pressures in real time, even while operating his vehicle on the open road at highway speeds, becomes apparent. The performances recommended below support these needs.W
8、ithin the trucking industry, the value of knowing and keeping tire inflation pressure to its specified level is well known. The suppliers to the trucking industry have responded by developing various tire pressure systems which continue to increase the efficiency and operating safety of these vehicl
9、es. Over time, operators will come to rely on these systems as their first indication of pressure loss or pressure discrepancies relative to the specified service pressure. It is therefore important that all marketed systems provide an adequate level of performance to assure continued, and progressi
10、ng, in-service safety. Tires and wheels are integral components of tire pressure systems. The system attributes for tire pressure systems described herein assume an appropriate fitment of tire and wheel for each application, and that these tire pressure systems are not dependent on the performance o
11、r physical characteristics of the tire or wheel components. The substitution of one tire/wheel assembly for another tire/wheel assembly of another configuration, appropriate for the vehicle system, so long as it provides a pneumatic chamber for the inflation gas, shall not render the tire pressure s
12、ystem inoperative.SAE J2848-1 Issued APR2010 Page 2 of 22TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 31.1 Purpose . 42. REFERENCES 42.1 Applicable Publications . 42.1.1 SAE Publications . 42.1.2 ASTM Publication 52.2 Related Publications . 62.2.1 Tire and Rim Association Publication . 62.2.2 ETRTO Publication . 62.2
13、.3 JATMA Publication 62.2.4 ISO Publications 62.2.5 ATA Publication . 62.2.6 Federal Publications . 73. DEFINITIONS . 73.1 Terms 73.1.1 Baseline Temperature . 73.1.2 Standard Tire Mounting 73.1.3 Specified Service Pressure (SSP) 73.1.4 Operational Service Pressure (OSP) 73.1.5 Self Diagnostic 73.1.6
14、 Tire Pressure System . 73.1.7 Tire Pressure Monitoring System 83.1.8 Low Pressure Threshold . 83.1.9 Minimum Activation Pressure (MAP) 83.1.10 Human Machine Interface (HMI) . 83.1.11 Warning (TPMS) . 83.1.12 Cold Tire Inflation Pressure 83.1.13 Quasi-Stationary . 83.1.14 Gross Vehicle Weight Rating
15、 (GVWR) . 83.1.15 Gross Combination Weight Rating (GCWR). 83.2 Symbols and Abbreviations 83.2.1 DUT . 83.2.2 EMC 83.2.3 TPMS 93.2.4 EMI 93.2.5 SSP . 93.2.6 OSP . 93.2.7 HMI 93.2.8 MAP. 93.2.9 FMVSS 93.2.10 FMCSA 94. TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEMS 94.1 General System Requirements . 94.2 Component P
16、erformance Requirements Environmental Conditions andAssociated Laboratory Bench Test Methods 114.2.1 Environmental . 114.2.2 Corrosion. 124.2.3 Proof Pressure 124.2.4 Rapid Deflation 124.2.5 Centrifugal . 124.2.6 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and Signal Contamination. 12SAE J2848-1 Issued APR2
17、010 Page 3 of 225. TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEM HUMAN MACHINE INTERFACE CHARACTERISTICS AND RESPONSE 135.1 HMI Characteristics and Response 135.2 Controls, Symbols, Switches 145.3 Owners Manual Information . 146. TIRE PRESSURE MONITORING SYSTEMS: TEST PROCEDURES 146.1 #1 Low Pressure Sensing Test
18、 Warning Threshold Response 146.1.1 Bench Test Option (for System Design) . 146.1.2 Vehicle Test Option (for System Design) 156.2 #2 System Installation Test Signal Transmission / Signal Strength . 176.2.1 Power Unit Test Setup 176.2.2 Power Unit Test . 176.2.3 Trailer Test Setup 186.2.4 Trailer Tes
19、t 186.3 #3 System Malfunction Test Warning Response 186.3.1 Power Unit Test Setup 186.3.2 Power Unit Test . 186.3.3 Trailer Test Setup 196.3.4 Trailer Test 197. NOTES 207.1 Marginal Indicia . 20APPENDIX A 21APPENDIX B 221. SCOPE This SAE recommended practice defines the system and component function
20、s, measurement metrics, testing methodologies for evaluating the functionality and performance of tire pressure systems, and recommended maintenance practices within the known operating environments. This document is applicable to all axle and all wheel combinations for single unit powered vehicles
21、exceeding 7257 kg (16 000 US lb) gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR), and multi-unit vehicle combinations, up to three (3) towed units, which use an SAE J560 connector for power and/or communication, or equivalent successor connector technology, or which use a suitable capacity wireless solution.Exam
22、ples of included single chassis vehicles would be utility and delivery vans, tow trucks, rack trucks, buses, recreational vehicles, fuel trucks, trash trucks, dump trucks, cement trucks, and tractors. Examples of combination vehicles using an SAE J560 or successor connector would be enclosed van tra
23、ilers, liquid tanker, platform trailer, logger trailers, auto transit trailers, and their associated and compatible towing power units. For combination vehicles including two or more trailers, the dollies are also included. The included vehicles can be newly manufactured vehicles or existing vehicle
24、s.These systems are recommended to address all tires in service as originally installed on a vehicle by the OEM and/or specialty vehicle manufacturer, including the vehicle mounted spares, and, for the aftermarket (including replacement or spare parts) are recommended (but optional) to address all t
25、ire/rim combinations installed after initial vehicle sale or in-use dates.This document will focus on tire pressure systems of the monitoring type.SAE J2848-1 Issued APR2010 Page 4 of 22NOTE: The following systems are not being addressed in this edition of the document. The management system types a
26、nd more mature/complex versions of maintenance and management types, to include on-board reporting/storage/retrieval data capabilities for both, will be addressed separately by future changes/additions to this document series.1 Tire Pressure Maintenance Systems (typically known as ATIS Automatic Tir
27、e Inflation Systems) systems which sense pressure directly or indirectly and maintain tire pressure above a minimum specified threshold, and inform the driver of the systems activity. 2 Tire Pressure Management (adjustment) Systems (typically known as CTIS Central Tire Inflation Systems) systems whi
28、ch sense pressure, plus other pertinent parameters (i.e., vehicle load and speed, tire temperature, etc.) directly or indirectly, and adjust or sustain the pressure at a the level appropriate for the conditions, and inform the driver of the systems activity.1.1 Purpose The systems for the monitoring
29、 of tire pressure defined herein are vehicle systems. The design approach taken is expected to support the purpose and performance objectives of a monitoring type system, and to function within the operating environment and design configuration of the vehicle itself. Since many of the vehicles inclu
30、ded in the scope of this document are combination vehicles, already using standardized mechanical or electronic interfaces, it is essential that the connection, communication, and data link interfaces of these tire pressure systems also use these standardized interfaces.The tire pressure MONITORING
31、system is intended to communicate to the driver or vehicle maintainer 1) a warning of the loss of inflation gas in the tire/wheel assembly based upon the sensed level of pressure in the tire/wheel assembly, or the sensed parameters which directly correlate to the actual loss of inflation gas in the
32、tire/wheel assembly, and 2) an indication when the system itself is not capable of providing a warning concerning the loss of inflation gas.MONITORING systems are bounded by their sensing, analyzing, and communicating capabilities. These systems have no requirement or capability to alter the tire pr
33、essure itself. The maintenance function remains the sole responsibility of the driver/ vehicle maintainer. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Publications The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise specified, the latest issue of each publi
34、cation shall apply.2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J551/1 Performance Levels and Methods of Measurement of Electromagnetic Compatibilit
35、y of Vehicles, Boats (up to 15 m), and Machines (16.6 Hz to 18 GHz) SAE J560 Primary and Auxiliary Seven Conductor Electrical Connector for Truck-Trailer Jumper Cable SAE J1113/1 Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedures and limits for Components of Vehicles, Boats (up to 15 m), and Machi
36、nes (Except Aircraft) (16.6 Hz to 18 GHz) SAE J1113/2 Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedures and Limits for Vehicle Components (Except Aircraft)Conducted Immunity, 15 Hz to 250 kHzAll Leads SAE J1113/3 Conducted Immunity, 250 kHz to 400 MHz, Direct Injection of Radio Frequency (RF) Pow
37、er SAE J2848-1 Issued APR2010 Page 5 of 22SAE J1113/4 Immunity to Radiated Electromagnetic FieldsBulk Current Injection (BCI) Method SAE J1113/11 Immunity to Conducted Transients on Power Leads SAE J1113/12 Electrical Interference by Conduction and CouplingCapacitive and Inductive Coupling via Lines
38、 Other than Supply Lines SAE J1113/13 Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedure for Vehicle ComponentsPart13Immunity to Electrostatic Discharge SAE J1113/21 Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedure for Vehicle ComponentsPart 21Immunity to Electromagnetic Fields, 30 MHz to 18 GHz
39、, Absorber-Lined Chamber SAE J1113/22 Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedure for Vehicle ComponentsPart 22Immunity to Radiated Magnetic Fields SAE J1113/24 Immunity to Radiated Electromagnetic Fields; 10 kHz to 200 MHzCrawford TEM Cell and 10 kHz to 5 GHzWideband TEM Cell SAE J1113/25 E
40、lectromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedure for Vehicle ComponentsImmunity to Radiated Electromagnetic Fields, 10 kHz to 1000 MHzTri-Plate Line Method SAE J1113/26 Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurement Procedure for Vehicle ComponentsImmunity to AC Power Line Electric Fields SAE J1113/27
41、Electromagnetic Compatibility Measurements Procedure for Vehicle ComponentsPart 27Immunity to Radiated Electromagnetic FieldsMode Stir Reverberation Method SAE J1113/42 Electromagnetic CompatibilityComponent Test ProcedurePart 42Conducted Transient Emissions SAE J1211 Handbook for Robustness Validat
42、ion of Automotive Electrical/Electronic Modules SAE J1455 Recommended Environmental Practices for Electronic Equipment Design in Heavy-Duty Vehicle ApplicationsSAE J1587 Electronic Data Interchange Between Microcomputer Systems in Heavy-Duty Vehicle Applications SAE J1939 Recommended Practice for a
43、Serial Control and Communications Vehicle Network SAE J2334 Laboratory Cyclic Corrosion Test SAE J2402 Road VehiclesSymbols for Controls, Indicators, and Tell-Tales SAE J2657 Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems for Light Duty Highway Vehicles 2005-01-3517 Concerns Related to FMVSS No. 138 “Tire Pressur
44、e Monitoring Systems” and Potential Implementation of a Similar Standard on Commercial Vehicles (Greenly/Beverly Jan. 2005) 2.1.2 ASTM Publication Available from American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www
45、.astm.org.ASTM B 117 Salt Spray (Fog) Testing SAE J2848-1 Issued APR2010 Page 6 of 222.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for informational purposes only and are not required as part of this document. Unless otherwise specified, the latest issue of the publications shall
46、apply. 2.2.1 Tire and Rim Association Publication Available from The Tire and Rim Association, Inc., 175 Montrose West Avenue, Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321, Tel: 330-666-8121, www.us-tra.org.Tire and Rim Association Year Book 2.2.2 ETRTO Publication Available from European Tyre and Rim Technical Orga
47、nisation, Secretariat, Av. Brugmann, 32/2, B-1060 Brussels, Belgium, Tel: +32-2-344-40-59, www.etrto.org.ETRTO Standards Manual 2.2.3 JATMA Publication Available from the Japanese Automobile Tire Manufacturers Association, Inc., No. 33 Mori Bldg. 8th Floor, 3-8-21 Toranomon, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, Japan
48、105-0001, Tel: 81-3-3435-9094, www.jatma.or.jp.JATMA Year Book 2.2.4 ISO Publications Available from ANSI, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.iso.org.ISO 7000 Graphical symbols for use on equipmentIndex and synopsis ISO 2575 Road VehiclesSymbols for contr
49、ols, indicators and tell-tales ISO CAN 11992 (specified TPMS messages for tractor / trailer communication) ISO/IEC 2575:2004 Road vehicles. Symbols for controls, indicators and tell-tales 2.2.5 ATA Publication Available from American Trucking Association Headquarters, 950 North Glebe Rd., Suite 210, Arlington, VA 22203-4181, Tel: 703-838-1700, .ATA/TMC RP-235A G
