1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21389-3 SANS 13934-2:2008Edition 1ISO 13934-2:1999Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Textiles Tensile properties of fabrics Part 2:
4、Determination of maximum force using the grab method This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 13934-2:1999, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191
5、 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 13934-2:2008 Edition 1 ISO 13934-2:1999 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA
6、SC 5110.04D, Textile test methods Physical tests, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in June 2008. This SANS document supersedes SABS SM 95:1973 (first revision). AReference numberISO 13934-2:1999(
7、E)INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO13934-2First edition1999-02-15Textiles Tensile properties of fabrics Part 2:Determination of maximum force usingthe grab methodTextiles Proprits des toffes en traction Partie 2: Dtermination de la force maximale par la mthode darrachement(Grab test)SANS 13934-2:2008This s t
8、andard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 13934-2:1999(E) ISO 1999All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproducedor utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including pho
9、tocopying andmicrofilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.International Organization for StandardizationCase postale 56 CH-1211 Genve 20 SwitzerlandInternet isoiso.chPrinted in SwitzerlandiiForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwidefederation of na
10、tional standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work ofpreparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISOtechnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for whicha technical committee has been established has the right to be representedon that committee. Internatio
11、nal organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISOcollaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules g
12、iven inthe ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees arecirculated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an InternationalStandard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies castinga vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility t
13、hat some of the elements of this part ofISO 13934 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be heldresponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.International Standard ISO 13934-2 was prepared by the EuropeanCommittee for Standardization (CEN) in collaboration with ISO Technical
14、Committee TC 38, Textiles, in accordance with the Agreement on technicalcooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).Throughout the text of this standard, read “.this European Standard.” tomean “.this International Standard.”.ISO 13934 consists of the following parts, under the general title T
15、extiles Tensile properties of fabrics: Part 1: Determination of maximum force and elongation at maximumforce using the strip method Part 2: Determination of maximum force using the grab methodAnnexes A to D of this part of ISO 13934 are for information only.SANS 13934-2:2008This s tandard may only b
16、e used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO ISO 13934-2:1999(E)iiiContentsForeword. ivIntroduction iv1 Scope . 12 Normatives References 13 Definitions 24 Principle . 25 Sampling 36 Apparatus 37 Atmosphere for conditioning and testing . 58 Preparation of test
17、specimens. 59 Procedure 610 Calculation and expression of results . 711 Test report 7Annex A (informative) Suggested procedure for sampling. 9Annex B (informative) Locations of test specimens cut from a laboratorysample 10Annex C (informative) Arrangements of jaws for grab test. 11Annex D (informati
18、ve) Bibliography 12SANS 13934-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 13934-2:1999(E)ISOivForewordThe text of EN ISO 13934-2:1999 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC248 “Textiles and textile products“, the secret
19、ariat of which is held by BSI, in collaborationwith Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Textiles“.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either bypublication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 1999, andconflicting national standards shall be
20、withdrawn at the latest by August 1999.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standardsorganizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard:Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland,Ireland, Italy,
21、Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerlandand the United Kingdom.IntroductionThis part of EN ISO 13934 has been prepared in the context of several test methods fordetermination of certain mechanical properties of textiles using mainly tensile testingmachines, e.g. tensile
22、properties, seam tensile properties, tear properties, seam slippage.The procedures for these International Standards agree where appropriate. The resultsobtained by one of the methods should not be compared with those obtained by the othermethods. See annex D for informative references.This edition
23、cancels and replaces ISO 5082:1982.EN ISO 13934 consists of the following parts, under the general title Textiles - Tensileproperties of fabrics:- Part 1: Determination of maximum force and elongation atmaximum force using the strip method- Part 2: Determination of maximum force using the grab metho
24、dAnnexes A, B, C and D of this part of EN ISO 13934 are for information only.SANS 13934-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO ISO 13934-2:1999(E)11 ScopeThis part of EN ISO 13934 specifies a procedure for the determination
25、 of maximum forceof textile fabrics known as the grab test.Note : Part 1 of EN ISO 13934 describes the method known as the strip test. Forinformative references see annex D.The method is mainly applicable to woven textile fabrics. It may be applicable to fabricsproduced by other techniques. It is no
26、t normally applicable to woven elastic fabrics,geotextiles, nonwovens, coated fabrics, textile-glass woven fabrics and fabrics made fromcarbon fibres or polyolefin tape yarns (see annex D).The method specifies the determination of the maximum force of test specimens inequilibrium with the standard a
27、tmosphere for testing and of test specimens in the wetstate.The method is restricted to the use of constant rate of extension (CRE) testing machines.2 Normative referencesThe following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constituteprovisions of this International Stan
28、dard. At the time of publication, the editions indicatedwere valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on thisInternational Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the mostrecent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC
29、and ISO maintainregisters of currently valid International Standards.EN 20139 Textiles - Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing(ISO 139:1973)ISO 3696 Water for analytical laboratory use - Specification and test methodsEN 10002-2 Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 2: Verification
30、of the force measuring system of the tensile testing machinesEN 30012-1 Quality assurance requirements for measuring equipment - Part 1: Metrological confirmation system for measuring equipment(ISO 10012-1:1992)SANS 13934-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and
31、 freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 13934-2:1999(E)ISO23 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this part of EN ISO 13934 the following definitions apply:3.1 Constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) testing machineTensile-testing machine provided with one clamp which is stationary and another clampwhich moves wit
32、h a constant speed throughout the test, the entire testing system beingvirtually free from deflection (EN ISO 13934-1).3.2 Grab testTensile test in which only the centre part of the test specimen is gripped in the jaws of thetesting machine.3.3 Maximum forceThe maximum force recorded when a test spe
33、cimen is taken to rupture during a test underthe specified conditions(EN ISO 13934-1).3.4 Gauge lengthDistance between the two effective clamping points of a testing device.Note : The effective clamping points (or lines) of jaws can be checked by clamping a testspecimen under specified pretension wi
34、th carbon copy paper to produce a grippingpattern on the test specimen and/or the jaw faces (EN ISO 13934-1).4 PrincipleA fabric test specimen is gripped in its centre part by jaws of specified dimensions isextended at constant rate until it ruptures. The maximum force is recorded.SANS 13934-2:2008T
35、his s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO ISO 13934-2:1999(E)35 SamplingSelect samples either in accordance with the procedure laid down in the materialspecification for the fabric, or as agreed between the interested parties.In the
36、absence of an appropriate material specification the example of a suitable samplingprocedure given in annex A may be used.An example of a suitable pattern for cutting test specimens from the laboratory sample isgiven in annex B. Avoid test specimens with folded or creased areas, selvedges andareas n
37、ot representative of the fabric.6 Apparatus6.1 CRE machine.Metrological confirmation system of the tensile-testing machine shall be in accordancewith EN 30012-1.The constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) machine shall have the general characteristicsgiven in 6.1.1 to 6.1.6.6.1.1 The tensile-testing machin
38、e shall be provided with means for indicating or recordingthe force applied to the test specimen in stretching it to rupture. Under conditions of use,the accuracy of the apparatus shall be class 1 of EN 10002-2. The error of the indicated orrecorded maximum force at any point in the range in which t
39、he machine is used shall notexceed 1 %.6.1.2 If a class 2 tensile-testing machine according to EN 10002-2 is to be used, this shallbe stated in the test report.6.1.3 If recording of force is obtained by means of data acquisition boards and software,the frequency of data collection shall be at least
40、eight per second.6.1.4 The machine shall be capable of constant rate of extension of 50 mm/min, with anaccuracy of 10 %.6.1.5 The machine shall be capable of setting the gauge length to 100 mm or, if agreed, to75 mm, to within 1 mm.SANS 13934-2:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by appr
41、oved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO 13934-2:1999(E)ISO46.1.6 The clamping device of the machine shall be positioned with the central point of thetwo jaws in the line of applied force, the front edges shall be at right angles to the line ofapplied force and their clamping faces
42、 shall be in the same plane.The jaws shall be capable of holding the test specimen without allowing it to slip anddesigned so that they do not cut or otherwise weaken the test specimen.The faces of the jaws shall be smooth and flat, except that when, even with packing, thetest specimen cannot be hel
43、d satisfactorily with flat-faced jaws, engraved or corrugatedjaws can be used to prevent slippage. Other auxiliary materials for use with either smoothor corrugated jaws to improve specimen gripping include paper, leather, plastics or rubber.For the grab test the dimensional clamping area of the fab
44、ric shall be (25 mm 1 mm) x(25 mm 1 mm). This area can be achieved by either method a) or method b) describedbelow and illustrated in annex C.a) One clamp (25 mm) x (40 mm min., preferably 50 mm), positioned with the widerdirection of the clamp perpendicular to the line of application of the force;
45、a second clampof the same dimensions positioned perpendicular to the first so that the wider direction ofthe clamp is parallel to the direction of application of the force.b) One clamp (25 mm) x (40 mm min., preferably 50 mm), positioned with the widerdirection of the clamp perpendicular to the line
46、 of application of the force; a second clamp25 mm x 25 mm.6.2 Equipment for cutting test specimens.6.3 Equipment in which test specimens can be immersed in water preparatory to wettesting.6.4 Grade 3 water in accordance with ISO 3696 for wetting test specimens.6.5 Nonionic wetting agent.SANS 13934-2
47、:2008This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO ISO 13934-2:1999(E)57 Atmosphere for conditioning and testingThe atmospheres for preconditioning, conditioning and testing shall be as specified in EN20139.Note : It is recommended that
48、 samples be conditioned for at least 24 h in the relaxedstate.Preconditioning and conditioning are not required for tests in the wet condition.8 Preparation of test specimens8.1 GeneralFrom each laboratory sample two sets of test specimens shall be cut, one set in the warpdirection and the other in
49、the weft direction (or in the machine and cross-machinedirections, where applicable).Each set shall consist of at least five test specimens, except that if a higher degree ofprecision is required, more test specimens shall be tested. In accordance with clause 5and annex B no test specimens shall be cut from within 150 mm of either edge of thelaboratory sample. No test specimen taken from the warp direction shall contain the samelongitudinal threads and no test specimen taken from the weft direction shall contain thesame picks.8.2 DimensionsThe wid
