1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22206-2 SANS 1439:2008Edition 2.4SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Automotive upholstery fabrics Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr L
4、ategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 1996 Amended to change the test method for determining the percentage extension under load, and the percentage r
5、esidual extension. Amdt 2 1999 Amended to change the methods of test for resistance to abrasion and resistance to wear and to update certain test methods. Amdt 3 2004 Amended to change the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, to change the definition of acceptable and to update certain t
6、est methods. Amdt 4 2008 Amended to update referenced standards. Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 1004M, Textiles Automotive, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This documen
7、t was published in October 2008. This document supersedes SANS 1439:2004 (edition 2.3). A vertical line in the margin shows where the text has been technically modified by amendment No. 4. Annex A forms an integral part of this document. Annexes B and C are for information only. SANS 1439:2008 Editi
8、on 2.4 1 Contents Page Foreword 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 4 4 Requirements 5 5 Inspection and methods of test . 10 5.1 Inspection 10 5.2 Preparation of test specimens 10 5.3 Composition 10 5.4 Width. 10 5.5 Breaking strength 10 5.6 Bursting strength. 11 5.7 Resistance to actin
9、ic degradation (retained breaking or retained bursting strength). 11 5.8 Percentage extension under load, and percentage residual extension 12 5.9 Bond strength 13 5.10 Resistance to abrasion . 15 5.11 Resistance to wear . 15 5.12 Seaming properties. 15 5.13 Colourfastness to light 15 5.14 Colourfas
10、tness to rubbing. 15 5.15 Colourfastness to perspiration 15 5.16 Colourfastness to water spotting 15 5.17 Bow and skewness . 15 5.18 Tearing strength 16 5.19 Flammability 16 5.20 Fogging . 16 6 Packing, labelling and marking 16 Annex A (normative) Notes to purchasers . 17 Annex B (informative) Quali
11、ty verification of automotive upholstery fabrics 18 Annex C (informative) Recommended test methods . 18 Annex D Deleted by amendment No. 3 19 Bibliography. 19 SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 3 Automotive upholstery fabrics 1 Scope 1.1 Thi
12、s standard specifies requirements for two classes of textile-faced upholstery fabrics suitable for permanent use in motor vehicles. 1.2 This standard is not applicable to PVC-faced fabrics. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, const
13、itute provisions of this standard. All standards are subject to revision and, since any reference to a standard is deemed to be a reference to the latest edition of that standard, parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to take steps to ensure the use of the most recent editions
14、of the standards indicated below. Information on currently valid national and international standards can be obtained from the SABS Standards Division. ASTM D 3884, Standard guide for abrasion resistance of textile fabrics (rotary platform, double-head method). BS 4952. Deleted by amendment No. 1. D
15、IN 75201, Determination of the windscreen fogging characteristics of trim materials in motor vehicles. SANS 70. Deleted by amendment No. 4. SANS 81, Width of a textile fabric sample. SANS 82, Width of a textile fabric in a piece or roll. SANS 84, Length of fabric in a piece or roll. SANS 105-A02/ISO
16、 105-A02, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour. Amdt 2 SANS 105-B02/ISO 105-B02, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part B02: Colour fastness to artificial light: Xenon arc fading lamp test. Amdt 2 SANS 105-E04/ISO 105-E04, Textiles Tests for colour
17、fastness Part E04: Colour fastness to perspiration. Amdt 2 SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 4 SANS 105-E07/ISO 105-E07. Deleted by amendment No. 4. SANS 105-X12/ISO 105-X12, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part X12: Colour fastness to rubbing. Amdt 3 SANS 977, Textile tolerances. SANS 1093. Deleted by
18、amendment No. 3. SANS 3795/ISO 3795, Road vehicles, and tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry Determination of burning behaviour of interior materials. SANS 5091, Bow and skewness in woven textile fabrics. SANS 5409. Deleted by amendment No. 3. SANS 5466. Deleted by amendment No. 3. SA
19、NS 5726, Seaming properties of woven textile fabrics. SANS 6009, Abrasion resistance of textile fabrics (Martindale test). SANS 10004, Terms and definitions for textiles and textile merchandise. SANS 10076, The assessment of defects in textile piece-goods and made-up articles. SANS 10153, The labell
20、ing and marking of textiles and household textile articles. Amdt 4 SANS 13934-1/ISO 13934-1, Textiles Tensile properties of fabrics Part 1: Determination of maximum force and elongation at maximum force using the strip method. Amdt 3 SANS 13937-3/ISO 13937-3, Textiles Tear properties of fabrics Part
21、 3: Determination of tear force of wing-shaped test specimens (Single tear method). Amdt 4 SANS 13938-1/ISO 13938-1, Textiles Bursting properties of fabrics Part 1: Hydraulic method for determination of bursting strength and bursting distension. Amdt 3 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard
22、, the definitions given in SANS 10004 and the following apply. 3.1 acceptable acceptable to the authority administering this standard, or to the parties concluding the purchase contract, as relevant Amdt 3 3.2 bottom pile fabric at the time of cutting, the lower pile fabric obtained when two pile fa
23、brics are woven face-to-face and are separated by cutting the interchanging pile yarns SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 5 3.3 PVC-faced fabric base fabric that has, on the face side, a coating that consists of a polymer of vinyl chloride, or a copolymer predominantly based on vinyl chloride, or a mixture
24、of such polymers, compounded (in all cases) with stabilizer(s) and other ingredients such as plasticizers 3.4 top pile fabric at the time of cutting, the upper pile fabric obtained when two pile fabrics are woven face-to-face and are separated by cutting the interchanging pile yarns 4 Requirements 4
25、.1 General An automotive upholstery fabric shall a) have been made up in accordance with sound manufacturing practice, b) be of uniform make, width, colour(s), finish and, when applicable, design, and c) be delivered in a clean and commercially dry condition. 4.2 Class An automotive upholstery fabri
26、c shall, unless otherwise required (see annex A), be uncoated and shall be of one of the following classes, as required: a) class A: an unlaminated woven flat or woven pile fabric, or a laminated fabric that consists of a woven flat or woven pile fabric face and a backing of a warp-knitted flat fabr
27、ic or a plastics film, with or without an interlayer of foam; or b) class B: an unlaminated warp-knitted flat or warp-knitted pile fabric, or a laminated fabric that consists of a warp-knitted flat or warp-knitted pile fabric face and a backing of a warp-knitted flat fabric or a plastics film, with
28、or without an interlayer of foam. 4.3 Construction and composition 4.3.1 General The construction and composition of an automotive upholstery fabric shall be in accordance with the class of fabric required. The construction and composition of each layer shall conform to the applicable requirements g
29、iven in 4.3.2 to 4.3.6 (inclusive). NOTE Should a manufacturer or purchaser require confirmation of compliance of the fabric with the requirements that are agreed upon in terms of 4.3.2 to 4.3.6, suitable test methods for the appropriate properties are given in annex C. SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 6
30、4.3.2 Woven layer In the case of a woven layer, the following shall be as agreed upon (see annex A): a) the nominal composition; b) the weave; c) the mass per unit area; d) the number of threads per unit length; and e) where relevant, the mass per unit area of coating to be used on the back of a fab
31、ric, for example the mass per unit area of acrylic coating on the back of a velour fabric. 4.3.3 Warp-knitted layer In the case of a warp-knitted layer, the following shall be as agreed upon (see annex A): a) the nominal composition; b) the knit structure; c) the mass per unit area; and d) the numbe
32、r of wales and courses per unit length. 4.3.4 Foam interlayer In the case of a foam interlayer, the following shall be as agreed upon (see annex A): a) the nominal composition; b) the nominal thickness; c) the foam density; and d) the type of bonding, i.e. flame or adhesive. A foam interlayer shall
33、not contain any foreign matter, for example carbon black, that could adversely affect the performance of the laminate. 4.3.5 Plastics film In the case of a plastics film, the composition shall be as agreed upon (see annex A). 4.3.6 Actual composition of textile layer In the case of a textile layer,
34、the actual fibre composition of each component of the fabric, determined in accordance with 5.3, shall conform to the stated composition, subject to a tolerance of 5 % in the case of wool-blend fabrics and 3 % in the case of non-wool-containing fabrics. 4.4 Selvedges Selvedges shall be straight and
35、evenly formed. SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 7 4.5 Width The nominal usable width shall be as required (see annex A). The actual usable width, i.e. the width (determined in accordance with 5.4) between the innermost selvedge threads, or between the tuck-backs of fabric woven on a shuttleless loom, or b
36、etween conspicuous stenter clip or pin marks, or other marking along the edges (as relevant), shall be at least 98,5 % of the nominal value. 4.6 Piece length Unless otherwise required (see annex A), the length of each piece, determined in accordance with 5.1, shall be at least 18 m. The stated lengt
37、h of each piece shall be subject to the relevant tolerances given in SANS 977. 4.7 Bow and skewness Unless otherwise agreed upon (see annex A), neither the bow nor the skewness of the face side of the fabric shall exceed 2,0 %, when determined in accordance with 5.17. NOTE This is applicable to non-
38、pile fabrics only. 4.8 Colour match The colour(s) of the face side of the fabric shall be an acceptable match, in terms of the relevant part of SANS 10076, to the required colour(s). 4.9 Design The design shall be as agreed upon (see annex A). 4.10 Performance requirements An automotive upholstery f
39、abric shall comply with the requirements given in table 1, appropriate to the class of fabric. 4.11 Optional requirements 4.11.1 When so required (see annex A), the fabric shall comply with one, or both, of the requirements given in table 2. 4.11.2 Fabrics to be used for seat borders, seat backs and
40、 trim panels shall comply with the requirements given in table 1, except that, when so agreed upon (see annex A), the alternate requirements for certain properties, as given in table 3, shall apply. 4.12 Defects The assessment and stringing of defects and the deductions to be made for strung and uns
41、trung defects shall be in accordance with the relevant part of SANS 10076 and, unless otherwise required (see annex A), shall be based on the limits for acceptable quality (LAQs) given in table 4. SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 8 Table 1 Performance requirements 1 2 3 4 Requirement Property1)Class A (wo
42、ven) Class B (knitted) Test method subclause Breaking strength (in each direction), N, min. Velour fabrics Other fabrics 650 700 5.5 Bursting strength, kPa, min. Laminated Unlaminated 1 000 600 5.6 Resistance to actinic degradation2)a)Retained breaking strength (in each direction), N, min. velour fa
43、brics . other fabrics . b)Retained breaking strength (in each direction), %, min.3)c)Retained bursting strength, kPa, min. laminated unlaminated d)Retained bursting strength, %, min.3)455 490 50 700 420 50 5.7 Extension under load (in each direction), %, max. 104) 5.8 Residual extension (in each dir
44、ection), %, max. 34) 5.8 Bond strength5)(in each direction), N, min. (laminated fabrics only) a) Original . b)After heat-aging c)After humidity-aging d)After immersion in solvent 104)104)104)104)104)104)104)104)5.9 Resistance to abrasion6)Number of rubs to end point, min. . Change in shade after 5 0
45、00 rubs, rating, min. 50 0004)4 50 0004)4 5.10 Resistance to wear6)Flat fabrics after 1 000 cycles Pile fabrics after 2 000 cycles No thread broken Appearance to be at least equal to that of the reference sample held by the purchaser 5.11 Seaming properties a)Resistance to opening at seams (in each
46、direction), N, min. b)Seam strength (in each direction), N, min. . 180 300 300 5.12 Tearing strength, N, min. Velour fabrics warp . weft Other fabrics warp . weft 504)354)1004)804) 5.18 Colourfastness7)to: a)Light, rating, min. b)Rubbing, rating, min. dry . wet . c)Perspiration, rating, min. change
47、in colour staining of transfer cloths . d)Water spotting, rating, min. 7 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 7 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-5 5.13 5.14 5.15 5.16 1) Unless otherwise stated for the particular property, the requirements are applicable to both unlaminated and laminated fabrics. 2) A fabric that fails to comply w
48、ith the requirements of (a) or (c), as relevant, but that complies with (b) or (d), shall be considered as not acceptable in terms of actinic degradation. If a fabric complies with (a) or (c) but fails to comply with (b) or (d), the acceptance criteria for the fabric, in terms of actinic degradation
49、, shall be as agreed upon (see annex A). 3) As a percentage of the actual strength of the unexposed test specimen. 4) Unless otherwise agreed upon (see annex A). 5) Between each pair of adjacent layers. 6) The fabric shall be tested for resistance to abrasion or resistance to wear (or both), as agreed upon (see annex A). 7) In the case of a laminate, applicable to the face fabric only. SANS 1439:2008 Edition 2.4 9 Table 2 Optional requirements 1 2 3 Property Requirement Test method subclause Flammability,
