1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22262-8 SANS 51004:2009 Edition 1 EN 1004:2004 Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Mobile access and working towers made of prefabric
4、ated elements Materials, dimensions, design loads, safety and performance requirements This national standard is the identical implementation of EN 1004: 2004 and is adopted with the permission of CEN, rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenk
5、loof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 51004:2009 Edition 1 EN 1004:2004 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National f
6、oreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 1077, Engineering materials Ferrous metals, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in March 2009. This standard
7、may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 1004 December 2004 ICS 91.220 Supersedes HD 1004:1992 English version Mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements - Materials, dimension
8、s, design loads, safety and performance requirements chafaudages roulants de service en lments prfabriqus - Matriaux, dimensions, charges de calcul et exigences de scurit Fahrbare Arbeitsbhnen aus vorgefertigten Bauteilen - Werkstoffe, Mae, Lastannahmen und sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen This E
9、uropean Standard was approved by CEN on 12 November 2004. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referenc
10、es concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into
11、its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, L
12、uxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2004 CEN All rights
13、of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1004:2004: EThis standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Te
14、rms and definitions .5 4 Classification7 5 Designation 7 6 Materials .7 7 General requirements8 8 Requirements for structural design.15 9 Instruction manual.18 10 Marking .19 11 Structural design .19 12 Tests26 13 Assessment26 Annex A (normative) Stiffness test on complete tower structure 27 Annex B
15、 (informative) National A-deviations .30 Bibliography 31 This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1004:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 53 “Temporary works equipment”, th
16、e secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2005. This document su
17、persedes HD 1004:1992. The development of mobile access and working towers system is from two roots: scaffold manufacturers placed prefabricated unanchored scaffolds on four legs and castors and ladder manufacturers began to construct mobile access towers with light-weight ladders using aluminium fr
18、ames and castors. Taking this into account, CEN/TC53 decided in 1980 to standardize the manufacture of mobile access and working towers in parallel with the European standardization of prefabricated service and working scaffolds EN 12810-2 and EN 12811-3. For materials, this document refers only to
19、valid documents. However, a large stock of equipment made of materials conforming to documents no longer valid is in use. This document does not cover this equipment. During discussion of the draft it was noted that the average height of people is increasing and that consideration will have to be gi
20、ven in later editions to altering vertical dimensions. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, German
21、y, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004
22、:2004 (E) 4 1 Scope This document applies to the design of mobile access and working towers made of prefabricated elements with a height from 2,5 m to 12,0 m (indoors) and from 2,5 m to 8,0 m (outdoors). This document: gives guidelines for the choice of the main dimensions and stabilizing methods; g
23、ives safety and performance requirements; and gives some information on complete towers. NOTE In this document “indoors“ means that the towers is not be exposed to wind, and “outdoors“ means that the towers may be exposed to wind. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispe
24、nsable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 74, Couplers, loose spigots and base-plates for use in working scaffolds and falsework made
25、of steel tubes Requirements and test procedures EN 1298, Mobile access and working towers Rules and guidelines for the preparation of an instruction manual EN 1991-2-4, Eurocode 1: Basis of design and actions on structures- Part 2-4: Actions on structures - Wind actions EN 1993-1-1:2005, Eurocode 3:
26、 Design of steel structures Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings EN 1995-1-1, Eurocode 5 : Design of timber structures Part 1-1 : General rules and rules for building EN 1999-1-1, Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures Part 1-1: General rules - General rules and rules for buildings EN
27、 12810-2, Faade scaffolds made of prefabricated components Part 2: Particular methods of structural design EN 12811-2, Temporary works equipment Part 2: Information on materials. EN 12811-3, Temporary works equipment Part 3: Load testing This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscri
28、ption and freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 mobile access and working towers scaffold structures which: are capable of being used free-standing; have one or more working platfor
29、ms; are assembled using prefabricated components; have the dimensions fixed by the design; have normally four legs with at least four castors; are stable, by supports on the ground and if necessary by support to a vertical construction by wall strut 3.2 height (H) distance from the ground to the upp
30、er surface of the top platform 3.3 castor wheel swivelling wheel secured to the base of a member to enable the tower to be moved 3.4 adjustable leg incorporated into the structure only for plumbing a tower when situated on uneven or sloping ground. An adjustable leg may be fitted with either a casto
31、r wheel or a base plate 3.5 platform component unit of platform that supports a load on its own 3.6 bracing member means used to stiffen the structure 3.7 outrigger component that increases the effective base dimensions of a tower, with provision for the attachment of a castor 3.8 stabilizer compone
32、nt that increases the effective base dimensions of a tower, without provisions for the attachment of a castor 3.9 ballast weights placed at the base of the tower to increase its resistance to overturning This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of t
33、he SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 6 3.10 wall strut means for providing compressive restraint to prevent a tower overturning. It is normally a horizontal tubular member, one end of which is coupled to the tower, while the other end rests against a wall or other structure 3.11 stairway means of access intende
34、d for persons carrying tools or materials 3.12 stairladder means of access intended for persons not carrying tools or materials 3.13 inclined ladder means of access intended for persons not carrying tools or materials with an inclination from 60 to 75 3.14 vertical ladder means of access intended fo
35、r persons not carrying tools or materials with an inclination of 90 3.15 platform one or more platform components forming a working area 3.16 length (L) greater of the two plane dimensions at the platform level (see Figure 1) 3.17 width (W) lesser of the two plane dimensions at the platform level (s
36、ee Figure 1) Figure 1 Width (W) and length (L) This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 7 4 Classification 4.1 Load classes The classes of uniformly distributed load are given in Table 1. Table 1 Classes of uniformly dis
37、tributed load Load class Uniformly distributed load q kN/m 22 1,50 3 2,00 4.2 Access classes Four options for access to the platform are described in 7.6. 5 Designation The following data are required for the designation of all prefabricated mobile access and working towers: a) class of uniformly di
38、stributed load (see 4.1); b) maximum height outdoors/indoors; c) access classes (see 4.2). EXAMPLE T o w e r E N 1 0 0 4 2 8/12 A B X X class 2 maximum height outdoors 8 m indoors 12 m access through stairway and stairladder 6 Materials Materials shall fulfil the requirements given in documents wher
39、e design data are provided. Information for the most commonly used materials are given in EN 12811-2. Steel shall be protected by one of the methods given in EN 12811-2, Clause 8 or zinc coated with an average thickness of 15 m. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and
40、 freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 8 7 General requirements 7.1 General The following subclauses specify the minimum requirements for the mobile access and working tower including platforms. It shall be possible to fix platforms for erection and dismantling purposes with vertical dist
41、ances between platforms not exceeding 2,10 m 7.2 Dimensions The minimum width, W, of the platform shall be 0,60 m and the minimum length, L, shall be 1,00 m. The minimum clear height between platforms “H” shall be in accordance with Table 2. Table 2 Clear height classes Clear height class Minimum cl
42、ear height H in m H 1 1,85 H 2 1,90 7.3 Apertures within platforms The aperture shall be as small as practicable, and it shall have a minimum clear opening of: 0,40 m wide x 0,60 m long Apertures in platforms shall not exceed 25 mm in width. This does not apply to apertures like hand holes in hatche
43、s. Access to a working platform through an aperture in a platform shall be provided with means to prevent falling through. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 9 7.4 Side protection 7.4.1 General For allowable dimens
44、ions see Figure 2. Dimensions in millimetres unless otherwise stated Figure 2 Side protection dimensions Side protection components shall be incapable of removal except by direct intentional action. It shall be possible to erect protection at platform edges comprising: a) at least one principal guar
45、drail and intermediate side protection; b) toe-board; 7.4.2 Principal guardrail The principal guardrail shall be fixed so that its top surface is 1 m or more above the adjacent level of the working area everywhere (minimum height 950 mm). 1)1) See A-deviation. This standard may only be used and prin
46、ted by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.EN 1004:2004 (E) 10 7.4.3 Intermediate side protection Intermediate side protection shall be fixed between the principal guardrail and the toe-board. Intermediate side protection may consist of: one or more intermediate guardrails, or
47、a frame, or a frame of which the principal guardrail forms the top edge, or a fencing structure. Openings in the side protection shall be so dimensioned so that a sphere with a diameter of 470 mm will not pass through them. 7.4.4 Toe-board It shall be possible to fix a solid toe-board such that its
48、top edge is at least 150 mm above the adjacent platform level. 7.5 Castor wheels 7.5.1 General Castor wheels shall be fixed to the tower in such a way that they cannot be accidentally detached. 7.5.2 Brakes All castors shall have wheel brakes. They shall have swivel brakes unless by their design the
49、y are not eccentric when locked. The brake mechanism shall be designed in such a way that it can only be unlocked by a deliberate action. The brake mechanism shall effectively prevent any rotation of the wheel when a horizontal force of 0,30 kN is applied through the vertical swivel axis of the castor as close as possible above the castor housing and in the rolling direction of the castor. The full value of the specified service load per castor wheel is to be applied when testing the castor brakes. A minimum
