1、 TSB-88.3-D-1 February 2017WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS PERFORMANCE IN NOISE AND INTERFERENCE-LIMITED SITUATIONS Part 3: Recommended Methods for Technology Independent Performance Verification Addendum 1-Broadband-to-Narrowband Interference Scenarios NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publicati
2、ons are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilitating interchangeability and improvement of products, and assisting the purchaser in selecting and obtaining with minimum delay the proper product for their particular nee
3、d. The existence of such Standards and Publications shall not in any respect preclude any member or non-member of TIA from manufacturing or selling products not conforming to such Standards and Publications. Neither shall the existence of such Standards and Publications preclude their voluntary use
4、by Non-TIA members, either domestically or internationally. Standards and Publications are adopted by TIA in accordance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) patent policy. By such action, TIA does not assume any liability to any patent owner, nor does it assume any obligation whatev
5、er to parties adopting the Standard or Publication. This Standard does not purport to address all safety problems associated with its use or all applicable regulatory requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to deter
6、mine the applicability of regulatory limitations before its use. (From Project No. TIA-PN-88.3-D-1, formulated under the cognizance of the TIA TR-8 Mobile and Personal Private Radio Standards, TR-8.18 Subcommittee on Wireless Systems Compatibility- Interference and Coverage). Published by TELECOMMUN
7、ICATIONS INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION Technology (b) there is no assurance that the Document will be approved by any Committee of TIA or any other body in its present or any other form; (c) the Document may be amended, modified or changed in the standards development or any editing process. The use or pract
8、ice of contents of this Document may involve the use of intellectual property rights (“IPR”), including pending or issued patents, or copyrights, owned by one or more parties. TIA makes no search or investigation for IPR. When IPR consisting of patents and published pending patent applications are c
9、laimed and called to TIAs attention, a statement from the holder thereof is requested, all in accordance with the Manual. TIA takes no position with reference to, and disclaims any obligation to investigate or inquire into, the scope or validity of any claims of IPR. TIA will neither be a party to d
10、iscussions of any licensing terms or conditions, which are instead left to the parties involved, nor will TIA opine or judge whether proposed licensing terms or conditions are reasonable or non-discriminatory. TIA does not warrant or represent that procedures or practices suggested or provided in th
11、e Manual have been complied with as respects the Document or its contents. If the Document contains one or more Normative References to a document published by another organization (“other SSO”) engaged in the formulation, development or publication of standards (whether designated as a standard, sp
12、ecification, recommendation or otherwise), whether such reference consists of mandatory, alternate or optional elements (as defined in the TIA Engineering Manual, 4thedition) then (i) TIA disclaims any duty or obligation to search or investigate the records of any other SSO for IPR or letters of ass
13、urance relating to any such Normative Reference; (ii) TIAs policy of encouragement of voluntary disclosure (see Engineering Manual Section 6.5.1) of Essential Patent(s) and published pending patent applications shall apply; and (iii) Information as to claims of IPR in the records or publications of
14、the other SSO shall not constitute identification to TIA of a claim of Essential Patent(s) or published pending patent applications. TIA does not enforce or monitor compliance with the contents of the Document. TIA does not certify, inspect, test or otherwise investigate products, designs or service
15、s or any claims of compliance with the contents of the Document. ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, ARE DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY AND ALL WARRANTIES CONCERNING THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS, ITS FITNESS OR APPROPRIATENESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE, ITS MERCHANTABILITY AND I
16、TS NONINFRINGEMENT OF ANY THIRD PARTYS INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS. TIA EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY AND ALL RESPONSIBILITIES FOR THE ACCURACY OF THE CONTENTS AND MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES REGARDING THE CONTENTS COMPLIANCE WITH ANY APPLICABLE STATUTE, RULE OR REGULATION, OR THE SAFETY OR HE
17、ALTH EFFECTS OF THE CONTENTS OR ANY PRODUCT OR SERVICE REFERRED TO IN THE DOCUMENT OR PRODUCED OR RENDERED TO COMPLY WITH THE CONTENTS. TIA SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY AND ALL DAMAGES, DIRECT OR INDIRECT, ARISING FROM OR RELATING TO ANY USE OF THE CONTENTS CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITAT
18、ION ANY AND ALL INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, LITIGATION, OR THE LIKE), WHETHER BASED UPON BREACH OF CONTRACT, BREACH OF WARRANTY, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), PRODUCT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE PO
19、SSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE FOREGOING NEGATION OF DAMAGES IS A FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENT OF THE USE OF THE CONTENTS HEREOF, AND THESE CONTENTS WOULD NOT BE PUBLISHED BY TIA WITHOUT SUCH LIMITATIONS. TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 i Foreword (This foreword is not part of this addendum) Working Group TR-8.18.1 prepare
20、d this Addendum. Subcommittee TR-8.18 of TIA Committee TR-8 approved this Addendum. Changes in technology to support the public safety nationwide broadband network have recently occurred, which may impact narrowband public safety systems. These events necessitate keeping the TSB-88 documents current
21、 to assure the documents provide the methodology of modeling the various interference mechanisms to support frequency coordinators in determining the best assignments to be made for the available pool of frequencies and mixtures of technology. To provide information about new broadband-to-narrowband
22、 interference scenarios, TR-8.18 has adopted this addendum, which will be added to TSB-88.3-D as the Annex D contained in this document. TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. ADDENDUM INTRODUCTION . 1 2. ADDENDUM SCOPE 1 3. SPECIFIC CHANGE TO TSB-88.3-D 1 ANNEX D BROADBAND TRANSMITTER CHARACTERIS
23、TICS AND INTERFERENCE CASES (INFORMATIVE) . 2 TABLE OF FIGURES FIGURE 1: GRAPHIC FOR OOBE AND BNBE . 4 FIGURE 2: POWER VS. OFFSET FREQUENCY FOR VARIOUS LTE CHANNEL BANDWIDTHS 6 FIGURE 3: BASE STATION TO DEVICE INTERFERENCE IN THE 700 MHZ BAND 8 FIGURE 4: BASE STATION TO DEVICE INTERFERENCE IN THE 80
24、0 MHZ BAND 8 FIGURE 5: DEVICE TO DEVICE INTERFERENCE IN THE 700 MHZ BAND 9 FIGURE 6: DEVICE TO DEVICE INTERFERENCE IN THE 800 MHZ BAND 9 FIGURE 7: DEVICE TO BASE STATION INTERFERENCE IN THE 700 MHZ BAND 10 FIGURE 8: DEVICE TO BASE STATION INTERFERENCE IN THE 800 MHZ BAND 10 TABLE OF TABLES TABLE 1:
25、CHANNEL BANDWIDTH CHARACTERISTICS . 2 TABLE 2: THEORETICAL SNR VS MODULATION AND CODE RATE 3 TABLE 3: LTE SIGNAL BANDWIDTH VS. CHANNEL BANDWIDTH 4 TABLE 4: EMISSION SPECTRUM OOBE/ENBE LIMITS 5 TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 iii Patent Identification The readers attention is called to the possibility that using th
26、is document might necessitate the use of one or more inventions covered by patent rights. By publication of this document no position is taken with respect to the validity of those claims or any patent rights in connection therewith. The patent holders so far identified have, we believe, filed state
27、ments of willingness to grant licenses under those rights on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. The following patent holders and patents have been identified in accordance with the TIA intellectual property rights policy: None identi
28、fied TIA is not be responsible for identifying patents for which licenses might be referenced by this document or for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention. TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 iv This page intentionally left blank. TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 1 1
29、. Addendum Introduction The purpose of this addendum is to add Annex D to TSB-88.3-D, which will provide informational information about broadband-to-narrowband interference scenarios. 2. Addendum Scope This addendum simply adds Annex D to TSB-88.3-D. No other changes in TSB-88.3-D are contained in
30、this addendum or intended to be effectuated by this addendum. 3. Specific Change to TSB-88.3-D This addendum requires the addition of the following Annex D to TSB-88.3-D. TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 2 Annex D Broadband Transmitter Characteristics and Interference Cases (Informative) The focus in this section w
31、ill be on interference analysis that is unique to broadband networks employing single frequency reuse such as LTE. Analysis and examples will be provided for the case where the broadband system is the aggressor and a narrowband LMR communication system is the victim. The minimum required transmitter
32、 specifications for that broadband technology (e.g. for LTE these are defined in 3GPP TS-36.101 for devices and 3GPP TS-36.104 for base stations) may be used in conjunction with the tools provided in 88.1 to estimate the impact of new broadband communications on existing LMR voice and data systems.
33、D.1 LTE Transmitter Characteristics LTE systems can be deployed in several different channel bandwidths with the most common being 5, 10, and 20 MHz channel bandwidths. Resource blocks are defined as the minimum allocation unit in the downlink and uplink shared channels for carrying signaling and tr
34、affic. Resource blocks are 180 kHz wide and consist of 12 15 kHz wide ()Sin xxsubcarriers. The subcarriers can be modulated with various levels of modulation and coding to provide data rates that vary with the SINR. A scheduler determines the desired parameters based on the subscriber units received
35、 signal level. Channel bandwidth characteristics are listed in Table 1. Table 1: Channel Bandwidth Characteristics Channel BW 1.4 MHz 3 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz Resource Blocks 6 15 25 50 75 100 Resourced Subcarriers 72 180 300 600 900 1200 This multiple access technology (OFDMA) assigns a sub
36、-set of the resource blocks to different subscribers. Thus simultaneous varying data rates are available for different users based on their location and available link budget. OFDMA is also robust against multipath fading and provides high spectral efficiency. TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 3 Table 2: Theoretical
37、 SNR Vs Modulation and Code Rate Theoretical SNR Requirements Vs. Coding Rate and Modulation Scheme Modulation Code Rate SNR (dB) QPSK 2 bits/Symbol 1/8 -5.1 1/5 -2.9 1/4 -1.7 1/3 -1.0 1/2 2.0 2/3 4.3 3/4 5.5 4/5 6.2 16 QAM 4 bits/Symbol 1/2 7.9 2/3 11.3 3/4 12.2 4/5 12.8 64 QAM 6 bits/Symbol 2/3 15
38、.3 3/4 17.5 4/5 18.6 Table 2 shows examples of modulation and coding schemes vs. theoretical required SNR for each. Linear transmitters are utilized for eNodeB stations while subscriber units have a different method for combining resource blocks, SC-FDMA, therein eliminating the need for a linear tr
39、ansmitter. QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM modulations are supported in the standard, however at this time device and some eNodeB vendors do not support the 64 QAM modulation in the uplink. LTE eNodeB transmitters are generally deployed in 10, 20 and 40 Watt configurations for macro cells (small, e.g. micro
40、and pico cells typically utilize lower transmitter power levels). They utilize sectored antennas with high gain values in the range of 13 and 15 dBi. After transmitter filtering the ERP generally ranges TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 4 between 48 and 56 dBm. When MIMO 2x2 is deployed the ERP is 3 dB higher. If a
41、70 dB minimum coupling loss value is considered1, the resulting signal levels on the ground range between -22 dBm and -14 dBm near a site. There are various different regulatory requirements such as one for the 700 MHz band2that does not allow Power Flux density to exceed 3000 W/m2on the ground over
42、 the area extending to 1 km from the base of the antenna mounting structure. This is -12.3 dBm and -13.2 dBm for the 700 and 800 MHz bands respectively. These are strong signals that can create Near/Far blocking scenarios. Recent waivers have been granted for even higher ERP. In addition there are o
43、ther sources of interfering power from transmitters such as OOBE and BNBE that can create interference as the energy falls on a victim receivers authorized frequency. Table 3 lists signal bandwidth versus channel bandwidth. Except for the 1.4 MHz channel bandwidth, the signal bandwidth is 90% of the
44、 channel bandwidth. Table 3: LTE Signal Bandwidth vs. Channel Bandwidth Channel BW 1.4 MHz 3 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz Signal BW 1.08 MHz 2.7 MHz 4.5 MHz 9.0 MHz 13.5 MHz 18 MHz Figure 1: Graphic for OOBE and BNBE 13GPP assumes 70 dB minimum coupling loss in the specifications, taking into acco
45、unt typical panel antenna gain directly below the antenna, typical LTE antenna height (30m), and free space path-loss. 247 CFR 27.55(c) Spurious Domain fChannel BW fSpurious Domain RB TIA TSB-88.3-D-1 5 There are FCC as well as ETSI 3GPP specifications for the OOBE and BNBE power. The graphic in Fig
46、ure 1 shows the OOBE and spurious domains, while Table 4 lists relevant OOBE/ENBE limits. The FCC rules differ by frequency band while the ETSI specifications vary with channel aggregation, channel bandwidth, E-UTRAN Operating band and special network signaling options. The measurement bandwidth for
47、 LTE is considerably wider than the narrow bandwidths used in narrowband LMR. This can be compensated by adjusting for the LMR channel bandwidths, e.g. 6.25, 12.5 and 25 KHz. Table 4: Emission Spectrum OOBE/ENBE Limits Device (UE) Transmitter characteristics are specified in more detail over a wider
48、 spectrum. The maximum transmit power is 23 dBm with power control over a range of 63 dB (i.e. -40 to 23 dBm). Higher power units are permitted for Band 14 vehicular modems with a maximum transmit power of 31 dBm. Figure 2 plots power versus frequency offset for different LTE channel bandwidths. ETS
49、I Base Station Transmitter CharacteristicsPower (EIRP) dBm/antenna 61( up to 5 MHz Channel)64 (10 MHz ChannelMax antenna gain, boresight +18 dBiEmission Spectrum OOBE/BNBE Limit (dBm) Meas BW F (MHz)Limit (dBm), as a function of the Frequency Offset of the measurement 5 MHz BW -15 30 kHz 0F1filter center frequency (F) from -13 1 MHZ 1Fthe channel edge (MHz)10 MHz BW -13 100 kHz 0F1Corrections -13 1 MHZ 1F30 kHz to 6.25 kHz = -6.8 dB100 kHz to 6.25 kHz = -12 dB 15 MHz BW -15 100 kHz 0F11 MHz to 6.25 kHz = -22 dB -13 1 MHZ 1F6.25 kHz to 12.5 kHz =
