1、UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) ROOFING APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) ROOFING Any copyrighted
2、material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND (Preparing Activity) AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY Record
3、 of Changes (changes are indicated by 1 . /1/) Change No. Date Location This UFC supersedes UFC 3-110-03, dated 26 September 2006, UFC 3-320-03A, dated 1 March 2005 with Change 2 dated October 2010, UFC 3-330-02A, dated 1 March 2005 and MIL-HDBK-1001/5, dated 28 February 1990. Provided by IHSNot for
4、 ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 FOREWORD The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planning, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to t
5、he Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD (AT standard curb height is 12 in. (305 mm), 16, 18, and 24 in. (405, 455, and 610 mm) are available. The height of the roof curb shall be selected to provide 8 inch minimum curbing above the surface o
6、f the roof. Also, provide ladders up to the roof hatch, ladder up safety posts, and safety rails per OSHA requirements. Coordinate with UFC 4-010-01, “DoD Minimum Antiterrorism Standards for Buildings”. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,
7、-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 5 1-8.7 Skylights. If skylights are included, specify fully lined and insulated curbs. Coordinate curb height with tapered insulation heights; standard curb height is 12 in. (305 mm), 16, 18, and 24 in. (405, 455, and 610 mm) are available. The height of the roof curb shall
8、 be selected to provide 8 inch minimum curbing above the surface of the roof. Skylight framing and flashing shall extend over and beyond the curbs vertical wall. 1-8.8 Cool Roofs. If a cool roof is selected, meet the ASHRAE 90.1 (2010) Chapter 5 values for cool roofing. If a cool roof is not selecte
9、d in climate zones 1-3, meet one of the exception requirements listed in ASHRAE 90.1 (2010) Chapter 5 or provide thermal insulation above the deck with an R-value of 33 or greater. Mechanically fastened single-ply roof systems shall comply with the requirements for mechanically fastened single-ply s
10、ystems in Chapter 2. Condensation on the underside of mechanically fastened systems can result in ice build-up in winter, mold growth on the facers, moisture dripping into the interior, and replacement of the roofs with less than four years of service. See Appendix B for more information. 1-8.9 Phot
11、ovoltaic Systems Rack Mounted Systems If a photovoltaic system is selected, the contractor shall adhere to the following guidelines: Building Owners Guide to Roof-mounted Photo Voltaic Systems published by NRCA. Guidelines for Roof-mounted Photovoltaic Systems published by NRCA. The installation of
12、a photovoltaic roof system over existing roof systems shall be undertaken with extreme caution. Planning and design efforts on PV systems located on roofs shall include the following: Determine if the existing roof structure can handle the anticipated roof load increase. Design to ensure that roof d
13、rainage is maintained considering the additional roof deflection due to load. Inspect and determine that the existing roof system has at least 10 years of service life remaining. If not, the existing roof shall be removed and a new replacement roof system designed in tandem with the photovoltaic sys
14、tem. If 10 years remaining service life remains, contact the warranty holder and involve them in the design of the intersecting details, required roof protection, re-inspections, and their requirements for maintaining the roofs guarantee. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking pe
15、rmitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 6 Design the roof related details for anticipated roof replacement work. Coordinate with the photovoltaic system designer to anticipate and plan for future roof replacement. PV equipment on a roof places an entirely new set of roof protec
16、tion requirements during initial installation and throughout the maintenance cycle. Specify a roof protection program to be applied during the PV system installation. PV supports shall be permanently affixed stanchions that are anchored to the building structure. 1-8.10 Design Professional Qualifica
17、tions. Both design-build and design-bid-build projects with more than 15,000 ft.2(1400 m2) of roof area or that is defined as “critical use” or “mission critical” in the project DD Form 1391 shall have a Registered Roof Consultant (RRC) or a registered PE or RA that derives his or her principal inco
18、me from roofing design on the quality control staff of the Design or Design-Build (DB) team. 1-8.11 Warranty Requirements. Any new, permanent construction facility shall be designed and specified with a warranty that meets the following requirements: Has “no dollar limit,” Covers full system water-t
19、ightness, Is from the single source manufacturer, and Has a minimum duration of 20 years. Manufacturers warranties that require periodic inspections or repairs at the Governments expense to maintain the warranty are not permitted. The warranty terms, exclusions, and limits must be enumerated in the
20、specifications and require that all roof curbs and penetration flashings integrated into the roof system are covered under the warranty. For additional background on warrantees, refer to Appendix D. 1-8.12 Roof Information Card. Per the UFGSs for each roof installation, furnish a typewritten informa
21、tion card for facility records and a card laminated in plastic and framed for interior display at roof access point. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 7 CHAPTER 2 LOW-SLOPE ROOFING DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 2-1 GENERA
22、L. The NRCA Manual provides a wide range of information for design and construction of low-slope roofing assemblies. This chapter does not address low-slope metal roofing (see Chapter 5). This chapter reinforces particularly salient information with regard to military use or limits the applicability
23、 of certain techniques in the NRCA Manual. Where contents of the NRCA Manual are acceptable without modification, those sections are not mentioned herein. 2-2 DESIGN-BUILD. Because of the wide variety of materials available and the variation in quality in similar materials, design-build contracts fo
24、r low-slope roofing systems must name the specific desired low-slope roofing system (BUR, EPDM, etc.) and identify relevant performance requirements to be provided under the contract. It is not sufficient to simply specify a low-slope roofing system per this UFC. 2-3 GENERAL LOW-SLOPE ROOFING REQUIR
25、EMENTS. 2-3.1 Positive Drainage. The minimum slope for construction of new buildings is :12 to achieve positive drainage. Consult with a plumbing engineer to determine the appropriate number of roof drains and the size of drain pipes. Retrofit drains are not permitted. 2-3.2 Roof Curb Heights. Curbs
26、 height shall be a minimum of 8 in. (200 mm) above the roof surface, but shall not be less than 6 in. (150 mm) above the high point of a cricket. Roofs with slope may need additional crickets on the upslope side of all non-round penetrations to assure positive drainage around equipment. Crickets are
27、 required on the upslope side of all penetrations greater than 24-in. (610-mm) wide 2-3.3 Horizontal Roof Top Duct Work. Horizontal roof-top ductwork shall have a minimum clearance of 18 in. (455 mm) above the roof plane to ensure ease of re-roofing. Ductwork larger than 48-in. (1220-mm) wide will r
28、equire a minimum clearance of 24-in. (610-mm) and shall be coordinated with the HVAC engineer. 2-3.4 Snow and Ice. Over-the-eaves drainage in cold climates can be problematic if snow and ice issues are not addressed early in the design process. Issues that designers shall address are contained in th
29、e Cold Regions Research and 3. Protect the thermal insulation and provide a rigid support for the roof membrane. 2-6.2 Types of Cover Boards. 2-6.2.1 Glass Mat Silicon-modified Gypsum Boards. Provides improved impact and moisture resistance to roof covers and improved fire resistance. Provided by IH
30、SNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 12 2-6.2.2 High Density Wood Fiber. Provides improved impact resistance to roof covers, but is hydroscopic in nature. 2-6.2.3 Paper-faced Gypsum Board: This shall not be used as a cover board
31、. 2-7 OVERVIEW OF ROOF MEMBRANES. The NRCA Manual discusses all available roof membranes; however, some membranes do not provide the long-term performance requirements for military buildings. Some new products may not be judged suitable because of the lack of proven performance. Other existing membr
32、ane systems may not be suitable because experience has shown a lack of cost effectiveness over the required life cycle. 2-7.1 Types of Membranes. Generally, low-slope roof membranes that are suitable for use by the military are limited to the following: Asphalt built-up roof membranes. Styrene butad
33、iene styrene (SBS) or Atactic polypropylene polymer (APP) modified bitumen membranes. Ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) single-ply membranes. Weldable thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) single-ply membranes. Spray applied polyurethane foam (SPF) membranes. Hot rubberized reinforced fluid-a
34、pplied membranes. 2-7.2 Other Roof Membranes. Other roof membranes will be considered and evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Thermoplastic Polyolefin (TPO) shall only be allowed on roofs with an anticipated life of 10 years or less. See additional guidance below for TPO. 2-8 GUIDANCE FOR ROOF MEMBRA
35、NES. This Section provides requirements and considerations for the design and construction of the above roof membrane types. The use of any membrane type for which there is not a corresponding UFGS shall be considered on a case-by-case basis and approved by the project manager. 2-8.1 Asphalt Built-U
36、p Roof (BUR) Membranes. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 13 BUR systems have broad applicability for dependable low-slope roof systems with low service life cost. Consider this roof system unless it can be show
37、n that it fails to meet important design criteria. Positive attributes of BUR membranes include: Durability with long service life Low maintenance Well-understood maintenance procedures However, the success of this roofing system is based upon sound installation techniques accompanied by suitable qu
38、ality control. Quality control can be influenced by the warranty. More information on warranties may be found in Appendix D and more information on quality assurance may be found in Appendix E. 2-8.1.1 Cant Strips. Provide cant strips for all built-up roof systems. 2-8.1.2 Fiberglass Mat Material. B
39、UR systems must use fiberglass mat material and no less than three-ply or as limited by the UFGS. 2-8.1.3 Roof Vents. Ventilating base sheets are required on all wet fill roof decks and insulation systems. Roof vents are not permitted for new construction. 2-8.1.4 Types of BUR Membrane Surfacing. Th
40、e allowable types of top surfacing for BUR membranes are granulated modified bitumen cap sheet and aggregate. 2-8.1.4.1 Granulated Modified Bitumen Cap Sheet. Ceramic granules reduce the temperature effect on BUR systems. However, as granules are lost, degradation due to ultraviolet (UV) radiation w
41、ill negatively affect performance. Longevity of these systems on average is not as great as aggregate surfaced BUR systems. 2-8.1.4.2 Aggregate Surface. The most common type of BUR surfacing is aggregate embedded in a bituminous flood coat. The thickness of 400 lb. (180 kg) gravel surfacing per squa
42、re of roofing is 0.5 to 0.75 in. (12 to 18 mm). This surfacing allows the temperature of the BUR membrane to remain somewhat cooler than mineral surfaced cap sheet BUR systems. Aggregate surface BUR systems tend to have a longer expected service life than mineral surfaced cap sheet BUR systems becau
43、se of lower membrane temperature and due to protection of the membrane by the aggregate. Aggregate surfaced roof system coverings shall be designed and installed in accordance with the IBC Code and Table 1504.4 based on the exposure category and basic wind speed at the building site. The aggregate s
44、hall comply with the ASTM D1863 No. 6 aggregate in hurricane prone regions as defined by the IBC Section 1609.2. Aggregate is not permitted when the basic wind speed is 100 mph or greater or at airfields. 2-8.2 Modified Bitumen (MB) Membranes. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networki
45、ng permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-110-03 01 May 2012 14 MB roofing systems have low maintenance cost, and must be considered when long service life is required. The polymers used to modify the asphalt bitumen improve the performance characteristics of the asphalt. The addition of polym
46、ers increases low temperature flexibility and high temperature stability. MB membranes are reinforced with fiberglass, polyester, or a combination of both. MB membranes must have at least two-ply or as specified by the UFGS. 2-8.2.1 Polymer Modifiers. The two major types of bitumen modifiers used ar
47、e an elastomeric Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) polymer and a thermoplastic Atactic Polypropylene (APP) polymer. SBS systems are usually applied by hot mopping asphalt; however, torch varieties of SBS membranes are gaining prominence. Some SBS products are applied with cold adhesive or torching. AP
48、P systems are typically applied with propane torches, which necessitate special requirements for safe handling and storage. All torch-applied MB systems will utilize non-combustible cant strips at parapets and curbs. Only non-combustible materials shall be used for torch-applied systems, including the roof deck, parapets, and structure. If the torch method is used, specify that the roofing contractor conduct an on-site two-hour fire watch after the last torch is extinguished. Provide access to the building interior for the fire watch personnel. 2-8.2.2 MB Membrane Surfacings. The three c
