1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULNOVEMBER 15, 20131UL 2852Outline of Investigation for Validation Protocol for Flaming and SmolderingPolyurethane FoamIssue Number: 1November 15, 2013Summary of TopicsThis first issue of UL 2852,
2、Outline of Investigation for Validation Protocolfor Flaming and Smoldering Polyurethane Foam, details the minimumrequirements to validate the foam used for the Smoldering and FlamingFire Tests outlined in UL 217, Single and Multiple Station Smoke Alarms,and UL 268, Smoke Detectors for Fire Alarm Sig
3、naling Systems.ULs Outlines of Investigation are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed norelectronic copy of an Outline of Investigation should be altered in any way. All ofULs Outlines of Investigation and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regardingthose Outlines of Investigation shall remain t
4、he sole and exclusive property of UL.COPYRIGHT 2013 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULNOVEMBER 15, 2013UL 28522No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDI
5、STRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULCONTENTSINTRODUCTION1 Scope .42 Units of Measurement .43 Undated References 4CONSTRUCTION4 General 4PERFORMANCE5 General 56 Conditioning 67 Foam Material Density Specifications 68 Cone Calorimeter Test .69 Polyurethane Smoldering Smoke Test .710 Polyurethane Flam
6、ing Smoke Test Criteria 9NOVEMBER 15, 2013 UL 2852 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULINTRODUCTION1 Scope1.1 These requirements cover the validation tests for Polyurethane Foam used for conducting thePolyurethane Smoldering and F
7、laming tests outlined in UL 217, Single and Multiple Station Smoke Alarmsand UL 268, Smoke Detectors for Fire Alarm Signaling Systems.1.2 All polyurethane foam used for the Flaming and Smoldering Polyurethane tests outlined in UL 217and UL 268 must comply with the requirements outlined in this docum
8、ent.1.3 These requirements do not cover any hazards or manufacturing processes associated withpolyurethane foam.2 Units of Measurement2.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory,conversions or approximate information.3 Undated References3.1 Any un
9、dated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this outline shall beinterpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.CONSTRUCTION4 General4.1 Any material type used for validation must comply with the requirements detailed within this outline ofinvestig
10、ation. An example of material that may be used is polypropylene oxide polyol, polyether-basedflexible polyurethane foam.4.2 Alternate foam material, size and/or construction may be used provided that the product complies withthe requirements outlined within this document.NOVEMBER 15, 2013UL 28524UL
11、COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULPERFORMANCE5 General5.1 All polyurethane foam intended for use during the polyurethane smoldering and flaming tests outlinedin UL 217 and UL 268, are to be subject to all tests and results outlined
12、in this document. The ConeCalorimeter tests outlined in Section 7 and polyurethane smoldering and flaming tests outlined in UL 217and UL 268 are to be conducted using specified samples of foam. The foam used for validation testingshall come from the same batch of foam, (bun-run or bun) that will be
13、used for the polyurethanesmoldering and flaming tests as outlined in UL 217 and UL 268. Each batch of foam must be validatedprior to the material being used for UL 217 and UL 268 polyurethane flaming and smoldering tests.5.2 The tests outlined in this document shall be conducted on each batch of foa
14、m intended to be used forthe polyurethane smoldering and flaming tests outlined in UL 217 and UL 268, and shall be conducted inthe numerical order as outlined in this document.5.3 Each batch of foam shall be subject to validation testing consisting of at least 5 samples. At least onesample shall com
15、e from the front of the bun and one sample shall come from the end of each bun withthe balance of the samples being selected from throughout the bun.5.4 Foam test samples shall be cut with the longest sample dimension parallel to the bun machinedirection, with the top surface of the sample no less t
16、han 12 in. (30.5 cm) from top of bun, and sampleedges not less than 12 in. from bun sidewalls.5.5 The foam shall not consist of any colorants, whitening additives, fire retardant additives, orpost-production fire retardant additives.5.6 The foam shall have an Indentation Force Deformation (IFD) of 3
17、0 2 lb/50 sq. in. (4140 275 N/m2) 25% as determined by ASTM D 3574, Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular MaterialsSlab,Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams, Test Method B1.5.7 The batch of foam can be used for polyurethane smoldering and flaming tests outlined in UL 217 andUL 268 if it complies
18、with all of the requirements and test results specified in Sections 5 10. Otherwise,the batch of foam shall not be used for polyurethane smoldering and flaming tests outlined in UL 217 andUL 268.NOVEMBER 15, 2013 UL 2852 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION
19、 WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL6 Conditioning6.1 All foam samples for cone calorimeter, smoldering and flaming tests shall be conditioned for aminimum of 30 days, at a temperature of 23 3ordm C (73.4 5.4ordm F), with a relative humidity of 5010%.6.2 Samples are to be removed from their shipping containe
20、rs/packaging during conditioning.7 Foam Material Density Specifications7.1 Polyurethane foam density shall be calculated and recorded using the following formula.Density = M (lbs) S (ft3)M (m) S (kg) (cm3)in which:M = mass of the sample in lbs 0.01 lbs (kg 4.54 g)S = Sample volume in cubic feet (ft3
21、) = (length (ft) x width (ft) x height (ft) 0.0005 inchescubic meters (m3) = (length (m) x width (m) x height (m) 0.0127 mm7.2 Density of the foam shall be 1.8 0.1 lb/ft3(28.8 1.6 kg/m3).8 Cone Calorimeter Test8.1 The polyurethane foam samples that comply with the conditioning requirement outlined i
22、n Section 6,Conditioning, their size and weight shall be measured and recorded.8.2 Each polyurethane foam sample used for Cone Calorimeter Testing shall be 4 inches (length) 10%x 4 inches (wide) 10% x 1 inch (thick) 10% 10 cm (length) 10% x 10 cm (wide) 10% x 2.5 cm (thick) 10%.8.3 Five Cone Calorim
23、eter trials, using samples of the polyurethane foam from the same “bun run,” shallbe subject to the cone calorimeter test. The cone calorimeter test results defined in this section shall bean average of five trials using five samples from the same bun.8.4 Cone calorimeter testing shall be conducted
24、in accordance with ASTM E1354, Test Method for Heatand Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimetermodified for measurement of generated gases and smoke particles.8.5 Samples shall be tested in the horizontal orientation using a horizontal sample hol
25、der with edge frameand restraining grid (HEG).NOVEMBER 15, 2013UL 28526UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL8.6 Samples shall be exposed to an incident radiant heat flux of 35 kW/m2.8.7 Samples shall be ignited using an electric spa
26、rk igniter.8.8 The polyurethane foam shall have the burning characteristic properties as specified in Table 8.1,Polyurethane foam burning test results.Table 8.1Polyurethane foam burning test resultsProperty (based on average of 5samples)Test Method Results (Range)Effective Heat of Combustion (HOC)Te
27、st Method for Heat and Visible SmokeRelease Rates for Materials andProducts Using Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeter, ASTM E135425.8 1.6 kJ/gPeak Heat Release Rate (HRR) 250 35 kW/m2Peak Smoke Release Rate (SRR) 0.030 0.004 m2/sEffective Cross Sectional Area 0.11 0.04 m2/gFTIR Fourier Transform Infrared
28、Spectroscopy ResultsCarbon Monoxide (CO) Test Method for Heat and Visible SmokeRelease Rates for Materials andProducts Using Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeter, ASTM E1354170 25 ppmCarbon Dioxide (CO2) 6,500 1,500 ppmSmoke Particle ResultsAverage Particle Diameter DmTest Method for Heat and Visible Smoke
29、Release Rates for Materials andProducts Using Oxygen ConsumptionCalorimeter, ASTM E13540.08 0.03 micronAverage Particle Number Density Nm3.55 1.05 cm-39 Polyurethane Smoldering Smoke Test9.1 This test is to be conducted in the fire test room consisting of the equipment and room dimensions asspecifie
30、d in UL 217 and UL 268.9.2 Provided that the foam sample validation test results comply with the requirements outlined in Section7, Cone Calorimeter Foam Material Specifications and Section 8, Cone Calorimeter Tests, 1 sample ofpolyurethane foam shall be conditioned as specified in Section 6, Condit
31、ioning followed by the tests andresults outlined in Section 9, Smoldering Smoke Test Criteria.9.3 The test sample shall be placed within the fire test room, in the location as specified in UL 217 andUL 268.9.4 The polyurethane foam sample size and smoldering technique shall be sufficient to achieve
32、aminimum smoke obscuration of 16.7 %/ft on the Ceiling Beam.9.5 The heating source used to create the smoldering smoke shall result in a smoke build-up rate suchthat the measured beam vs time are within the limits shown in Figure 9.1.This is generated text for figtxt.NOVEMBER 15, 2013 UL 2852 7UL CO
33、PYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL9.6 The smoke build-up rate in Figure 9.1 can be time adjusted, but must be within the limits of thespecified profile.9.7 The smoldering technique used for this test shall not result in the foam trans
34、itioning to an open flameprior to achieving a smoke obscuration of 13 %/ft on the Ceiling Beam.9.8 One sample of foam shall be smoldered using a heating source that can be regulated to achieve thepolyurethane smoldering smoke build-up rate and limits as specified in 9.3 9.7. Examples of heatingsourc
35、es that may be used include but are not limited to, radiant heaters, hot plates, and cartridge heaters.9.9 The heating source used to create the smoldering smoke shall result in a smoke build-up rate suchthat the measured ceiling beam vs time are within the limits shown in Figure 9.1.9.10 The test s
36、hall be terminated if the sample transitioned to open flame prior to achieving the targetedoptical density specified in 9.7.9.11 The heating source used to create the smoldering smoke shall result in a smoke build-up rate suchthat the measured ceiling beam vs ceiling MIC are within the limits shown
37、in Figure 9.2.This is generated text for figtxt.Figure 9.1Smoldering foam test profile (time adjusted)NOVEMBER 15, 2013UL 28528UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL10 Polyurethane Flaming Smoke Test Criteria10.1 This test is to be c
38、onducted in the fire test room consisting of equipment and room dimensions asspecified in UL 217 and UL 268.10.2 The polyurethane foam sample size shall be sufficient to achieve the polyurethane flaming smokelimits as specified in UL 217 and UL 268.10.3 Provided that the foam sample validation test
39、results comply with the requirements outlined inSection 7, Cone Calorimeter Foam Material Specifications and Section 8, Cone Calorimeter Tests, 1sample of polyurethane foam shall be conditioned as specified in Section 6, Conditioning, followed by thetests and results outlined in Section 10, Polyuret
40、hane Flaming Smoke Test Criteria.10.4 The foam sample shall be placed within the fire test room, in the location specified in UL 217 andUL 268.10.5 The polyurethane foam test sample shall be placed on a base formed from aluminum foil with theedges folded up to provide a tray. The foil tray is placed
41、 on a nominal 5/8 in (16 mm) thicknon-combustible tile such that the top of the tile is 2.75 in. (70 mm) above the floor.Figure 9.2Smoldering foam measuring ionization chamber/light beam limitsNOVEMBER 15, 2013 UL 2852 9UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION W
42、ITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL10.6 The test sample shall be ignited from any one of the four corners or adjusted to obtain a valid test.A small quantity of a clean burning material such as 5 mL (0.17 oz) of methylated spirit or denaturedalcohol may be used to assist the ignition.10.7 The amount of foam m
43、aterial used shall be sufficient to produce a smoke build-up rate within thelimits specified in 10.8 for at least at least 6 minutes.10.8 The development of the fire shall be such that the curves of ceiling beam v. time are within the limitsshown in Figure 10.1.This is generated text for figtxt.10.9
44、 The development of the fire shall be such that the curves of ceiling beam vs ceiling MIC are withinthe limits shown in Figure 10.2.Thisisgeneratedtextforfigtxt.Figure 10.1Flaming foam test profileNOVEMBER 15, 2013UL 285210UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULFigure 10.2Flaming foam measuring ionization chamber/light beam limitsNOVEMBER 15, 2013 UL 2852 11UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULNOVEMBER 15, 2013UL 285212No Text on This Page
