1、12019 中考英语：句型转换教学内容1.17-4-词形转换做题方法及易错题分析一.句型转换【知识梳理】1.题型分析句型转换是目前英语中考的一个常见题型，主要考查学生对不同句子结构（语法）的语言运用能力。学生只要掌握英语句子的基本结构和单词拼写，该大题得满分并不难。2.解题技巧 （1）熟练掌握英语的基本句子形式，如陈述句，各种形式的否定句，一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，反意疑问句，感叹句，主动语态和被动语态结构等。请看下面的例句和分析：如：The T-shirt cost five dollars.(改为一般疑问句)_the T-shirt_ five dollars?该句的 cost 是过去式，不
2、需要加 s。本句应用 Did, cost. 英语有几个动词过去式和现在式同一形式，set,cut,put,let,fit,read,spread 等，要看清楚再做。如：The photo near the door is the best.(就划线部分提问)2_ _is the best?本句用 Which photo,因为 near the door 用作定语修饰名词 photo,别认为 near the door 是地点而用错 where。如：We have studied in this school for four years,(改为特殊疑问句)_ _have you studied
3、 in this school?本句虽没有划线部分，但根据句子其他部分意思，可以看出是对 for four years 进行提问，肯定用 How long.如：Lets go to the exhibition this afternoon.（改为反义疑问句）Lets go to the exhibition this afternoon，_ _ ？如：He could hardly see the words on the blackboard. （改为反义疑问句）He could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _ _?祈使句的反义疑问句，仅
4、 Lets句型用 shall we，其他都用 will you. 而一般疑问句改反义疑问句应注意，若句子的主要部分用肯定，附加部分用否定，反之则相反。第六句应用 could he.（2）要熟悉“保持句意”的改写，如：简单句和复合句的转换，两句并一句，形容词，副词比较等句型，不用句型的转换，词语的不同搭配。请看下面的例句和分析：如：It was eleven oclock when he finished his homework last night.He _finish his homework _ it was eleven oclock.本句是改为 not until 句型，用 didn
5、t, until.如：He is the tallest in his class.No one _in his class is as _ as he.本句是最高级句型改为原等级句型，用 else, tall.如：He didnt make as many mistakes in his homework as you.3He _ _ mistakes in his homework _ you.本句是 as(so)as 句型改为用带 than 的句型，用 made fewerthan. Mistakes 是可数名词，别误用修饰不可数名词的 less。如：These stamps belon
6、g to my elder brother.These stamps are elder_ .原句中的 belong to 改为 are ，动词转换，用法不同，应用 brothers.如：The box is so heavy that I cant carry it.The box isnt _ _for me to carry.本句是复合句改为简单句，且否定结构的位置有变化，需要用 heavy 的反义词，故用 light enough,误用成tooto 结构。如：The question is very difficult. No one can answer it.The questio
7、n is _difficult_ _ _ answer.本句为两句合并成一句，原句有否定意义，应用 toofor anyone to,别误用成 so that anybody can. 如answer 后 it,才可用 sothat 结构，因 tooto 结构句子是简单句，而 so.that 是复合句。3.初中英语同义词归纳（1） glad=happy=pleased (高兴的) difficult=hard=not easy （困难的） （2） of course=sure=certainly （当然） give a talk=make a speech（作一次演讲） （3） given n
8、ame =first/middle name（名字） How about=What about （什么怎样） （4） hold=have （举行、进行） fast=quick （快的） （5） still=all the same（仍然） come on=be quick=hurry up（赶快） （6） drop=throw（扔） drop=land（使落下） drop=give up（放弃） 4（7） rather= quite （相当） right now=now（现在） （8） right now=just now（刚刚） right away=at once （立刻、马上） （9）
9、except=but（除.之外） （10） prefer A to B =like A more /better than B （相对 B 来说，更喜欢 A） （11） Hands up=put up ones hands=lift ones hands （举手）（12） return=go back（回去） return=come back=get back （回来） return=give back（归还） （13） past=through（过、通过） （14） help sb with sth=help sb(to) do sth （帮助某人做某事）（15） while=when（当.
10、） （16） several=a few=some （数个、若干） anywhere=in any place（任何地方）（17） everywhere=here and there（到处） arrive(inat)=reach=get（to）（到达）（18） no hurry=take your time（不急、慢慢来） order=turn（顺序）（19） over=more than（超过、多于） shop=store（商店）（20） rush=run very quickly（冲、奔跑） shop=workshop（车间）（21） center=middle（中心） join=be i
11、n=Take part in（参加）（22） take a look= have a look（看一看） as soon as possible=as soon as sb can（尽快）（23） hate=dislike（不喜欢、讨厌）（24） learn sth by oneself=teach oneself sth（自学.）（25） fail=not pass（不及格、失败）（26） give sb a call=give sb a ring=call sb=ring sb up =telephone sb（打电话给某人）（27） look after=take care of（照顾）
12、5（28） fly to=go to by air=go toby plane（乘飞机去。）（29） in a minute=in a moment=very soon（一会儿、马上）（30） almost=nearly（几乎）（31） just then=just at that time（正在那时）（32） no one=none（没有一人）（33） hear from=receive a letter fromget a letter from=have a letter from.（收到.的来信）（34） also（用于句中）=too（肯定句末）=either（否定句末）（35） pl
13、ant=grow（种植）（36） expensive=dear=not cheap（昂贵的）（37） so far=up to now（直到现在）（38） billion=a thousand million（十亿）（39） century=a hundred years（世纪、百年）（40） a bit of+unc.=a little+unc. A bit+adj=a little+adj（41） call=name（命名、名叫）（42） maybe=perhaps（也许、可能）用于句首（43） never mind=It doesnt matter=Its not important（不
14、要紧、没关系）（46） famous=well known 著名的 hear of=know=learn about 听说（48） have classes=have lessons（49） have a good time=have a very nice time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心（50） do ones best=try ones best 尽某人的努力 start=begin（51） do well in=be good at 在.做得好 not forget=remember6（52） catch a bus=take a bus 赶公共汽车 hope=wish（
15、53） last night=yesterday evening table=form 表格（54） do sport=take exercise 运动 photo=picture（55） tonight =this evening look around=look round 四处看看（56） at last=in the end=finally 最后、最终 （57） have to =must large=big（58） nobody=no one 没有人 somebody=someone 有人、某人（59） anybody=anyone 任何人 everyone=everybody 每个
16、人（60） I think=Im afraid 恐怕. （61） No.1=number one（62） thats all right=thats ok=You are welcome=not at all 不必谢（63） walk to=go toon foot 步行到.（64） ride to=go toby bike 骑自行车到.（65） America=the USA （66） be from=come from （67） be over=end 结束（68） a lot=lots of=many(c.)=much(unc.)许多（69） whats wrong=whats the
17、trouble=whats the matter?怎么了（70） just a moment=just a minute=wait a minute 等一会（71） take a look at=have a look at=look at 看一看（72） take a rest=have a rest 休息一下（73） the other day=a few days ago 几天前 7（74） ever=at any time（75） stop sb(from)doing sth.=prevent/keep sb from doing sth. 阻止某人干谋事（76） on both si
18、des=on each side=on either side 在每一旁（77）in three days time=in three days 在三天内（78） short for=a short way of saying 简称为 （79） beside=next to=near to 在.旁边（80） can=be able to 能够（81） what do you mean by this words=what does the world mean=Whats the meaning of this words?这个单词是什么意思？How do you like?=What do
19、you think of?你认为/觉得.怎么样4.常见考点（1）肯定句变否定句：常考的考点：have 、do 句型例如：He has lunch at school. (改为否定句)He _ _ lunch at school.本句动词 have 不表示“有”而是表示动作，应用 doesnt have,不能用 has not.（2）反义疑问句：常考的考点：带有否定副词的句子。（3）主动变被动常考的考点：一般现在时、一般过去时、以及含有情态动词的被动语态（4）同义句转换常考的考点：这里对于学生是难点，主要考考纲的近义短语、常考的初中句型。8（5）对划线部分提问常考的考点：how long/soo
20、n/ far, how much/ many 的区别和联系。（6）肯定句变感叹句常考的考点：近年来考的比较少了，how/what 的修饰用法。（7）两个句子合并为一句，复句变为简单句常考的考点：结构状语从句，宾语从句的使用。注意改写句子的细节问题。【例题精讲】例 1.（上海徐汇区一模）Millions of people visited the website to purchase things at the shopping gala.（改为被动句）The website _ _ by millions of people to purchase things at the shoppin
21、g gala.【答案】was|visited例 2.（上海黄浦一模）We must do something to stop the case from getting even worse.（改为被动语态）Something must _ _ to stop the case from getting even worse.【答案】be|done9例 3.（上海徐汇区一模）Did Maggie fly to New York on her own? He wondered.（合并两句为一句）He wondered if Maggie _ _ to New York on her own.【答
22、案】had|flown例 4.（上海黄浦区一模）How does learning take place in our mind? Scientists are not quite sure. （改为宾语从句）Scientists are not quite sure how _ _ place in our mind.【答案】learning|takes例 5.He didnt tell me when we should meet tomorrow. （改为简单句）He did tell me_ _ meet tomorrow .【答案】when|to例 6. （上海静安区一模）Emma
23、walks her pet dog in the nearest park twice a week.(对划线部分提问）_ _ does Emma walk her pet dog in the nearest park?10【答案】 How|often例 7.（上海虹口区一模）The baby pandas weigh about 150 grams on average. （划线部分提问）_ _ do the baby pandas weigh on average?【答案】How| much例 8.（上海静安区一模）This black iPhone 7 plus cost John m
24、ore than 7,000 yuan.(改为一般疑问句)_ this black iphone 7 plus_ John more than 7,000 yuan.【答案】Did|cost例 9.（上海虹口区一模）The Blacks set off for Hangzhou early yesterday morning.（改为一般疑问句）_ the Blacks_ off for Hangzhou early yesterday morning?【答案】Did|set例 10.（上海徐汇区一模）My brother seldom put his toys in the right pla
25、ce.（改为反义疑问句）My brother seldom put his toys in the right place, _ _ ?11【答案】did|he例 11.（上海静安区一模）As it is said by Joyce, the link method is a basic way of improving our memory. (保持句意不变）_ _ Joyce, the link method is a basic way of improving our memory.【答案】 According|to例 12.（上海徐汇区一模）The thief finally sai
26、d that he stole the valuable necklace from the lady.（保持句意基本不变）The thief finally _ _ the valuable necklace from the lady.【答案】admited|stealing例 13.（上海徐汇区一模）Michael borrowed 3 books from the school library last week.（保持句意基本不变）Michael _ _ 3 books from the school library for a week.24【答案】has|kept例 14.上海普
27、陀区一模Its so pleasant to visit an old friend from time to time. （改为感叹句）_ _ it is to visit an old friend from time to time!【答案】How | pleasant例 15.Its really amazing to have pet dogs as our close friends in life!(改为感叹句)_ _ it is to have pet dogs as our close friends in life!【答案】How|amazing例 16.(上海普陀区二模）
28、my, often,during,I,with,go travelling,parents,holiday(连词成句)_【答案】I often go traveling with my parents during holidays【分析】略【课堂练习】1.The girl does her homework at the weekend.(改为否定句)23The girl _ _ her homework at the weekend.【答案】doesnt|do2.（上海徐汇区一模）We can make cartoon faces come to life by giving them d
29、ifferent expressions.（对划线部分提问）_ _ you make cartoon faces come to life?【答案】How|can3.（江苏南通中考真题）Everything will be all right in a few days.（对划线部分提问）_ _ will everything be all right？【答案】How|soon【分析】【2015 年江苏南通中考】4.（上海虹口区一模）The nurses took care of the patients in the hospital.（改为被动语态）The patients _ _ car
30、e of by the nurses in the hospital.23【答案】were|taken5.“Will you visit Mr. Read next week?” Tom asked Mary.(改为宾语从句)Tom asked Mary_ she_ visit Mr. Read next week.【答案】whether|would6.The speaker spoke loudly. All audience could hear him.(合并为一句)The speaker spoke loudly_ _ all the audience could hear him.【
31、答案】so|that7.The teacher didnt tell us whether we should go on with the discussion or not. (改为简单句)The teacher didnt tell us _ _ go on with the discussion or not.【答案】whether|to【分析】whether to238. (上海静安区一模）Do you respect all living things? Our geography teacher asked us.(合并成一句)Our geography teacher aske
32、d us_ we_ all living things.【答案】 if|respected9.I will buy a T-shirt for my father. I dont think of a better idea for a present.(保持句意基本不变)I will buy a T-shirt for my father_ I_ of a better idea for a present.【答案】unless|think10.Were not able to give up the life of the poor girl for the time being.(保持句
33、意基本不变）Were not able to give up the life of the poor girl_ _ .【答案】at|present 11.They started early in order to attend the lecture on time. (保持句意基本不变)23They started early_ _ they could attend the lecture on time.【答案】so|that 12.We care for our physical health. We also care for our mental health.(保持句意不变
34、)We care for our physical health_ _ _ our mental health.【答案】as|well|as13. We are going to say goodbye to him at the airport. (保持句意基本不变) We are going to _ him _ at the airport.【答案】see|off14.(上海黄浦区二模)for a coffee, after work, you, go out, do, with your friends（连词成句）【答案】Do you go out with your friends
35、for a coffee?23【分析】略1.(2014 上海长宁一模)is, interesting, snowman, to, it, a, very, make. （连词成句）_.【答案】It is very interesting to make a snowman.【分析】It is very interesting to make a snowman.句型转换1.（上海静安区一模）November 11 is a happy day for them to buy a lot of things.(改为复合句）They are_ happy on November 11_ they
36、buy a lot of things on that day.【答案】so|that232.(上海静安区一模）Our laws protect the innocent people in all fields of life.(改为被动语态）The innocent people_ _ by our laws in all fields of life.【答案】are|protected3.I will call the police if that noise doesnt stop in a short while. (保持句意基本不变)I will call the police_
37、that noise_ in a short while.【答案】unless|stops4.Our English teacher likes black coffee better than green tea? (保持句意基本相同)Our English teacher_ black coffee_ green tea.【答案】prefers|to5.The American film begins at 8:30 p. m. (改为一般疑问句)_ the American film_ at 8:30 p. m.?23【答案】Does|begin6.The red car belongs
38、 to my mother. (对划线部分提问)_ _ belong to your mother?【答案】What|does7.Few of them went to see the film. (改为反意疑问句)Few of them went to see the film, _ _ ?【答案】did|they8.He likes playing ball games. (否定句)He_ _ playing ball games.【答案】doesnt|like9.All of the teachers are friendly to their students.(改为否定句)_ the
39、 teachers are friendly to their students.23【答案】None of【分析】all of 的否定形式为 none of，表示“三个或三个以上的没有”。10.The students had a geography lesson yesterday morning.(改为否定句）The students _ _ a geography lesson yesterday morning.【答案】didnt|have【分析】didnt|have11.Classes end at 3:05 p.m (保持原意)Classes_ _ at 3:05 p.m【答案】
40、are|over12.The 22nd Winter Olympic Games took place in Sochi Russia.(保持句意基本不变)The 22nd Winter Olympic Games_ in Sochi Russia.【答案】#1# 23were held13. The railway joins London and Edinburgh. (保持句意不变)The railway_ London _ Edinburgh.【答案】 connects |to14. There was something wrong with the machine as soon
41、as the engineer left. (保持句意不变)The machine _ _ as soon as the engineer left.【答案】 went| wrong15.I think wealth is less important than health. (同义句转换)I_ think wealth is_ important than health.23【答案】dont|more16.I bought a storybook two weeks ago. (保持原句意思)I _ a storybook for two weeks.【答案】have had【分析】由 f
42、or 可知，这里应该用一个延续性动词，买的延续性动词是持有。17.Lets go shopping，_ _ (反问疑问句）【答案】shall|we【分析】Lets 的句型反义疑问是用 shall we， Let us 的反义疑问是用 will you18.(2014 上海闸北一模）terrible, me, something, to, that day, happened (连词成句）_【答案】Something terrible happened to me that day.【分析】Something terrible happened to me that day.23句型转换19.(
43、2014 上海黄浦一模)saw, at McDonalds, lady, him, the young. (连词成句)_【答案】The young lady saw him at Macdonalds.【分析】The young lady saw him at Macdonalds.句型转换20.上海普陀区一模The fisherman tied a piece of grass around the birds neck. (改为被动语态)A piece of grass _ _ around the birds neck.【答案】was | tied21. She had a lot of work to do last week.(改为否定句)She _ have _ work to do last week.【答案】 didnt|much2322.The singer not only writes his own song but also plays the guitar. (保持句意不变)The singer writes his own songs and plays the guitar _ _ .【答案】as|well【分析】not only do sth but also do sth. 和 do sth and do sth. as well 的同义
