2019届中考英语复习第一篇语言基础知识第1课七上Units1_5基础知识.docx

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1、1第一篇 中考语言基础知识第 1 课 七上 Units 15课前预热中考词汇拓展重点易错单词1. fine 健康的;美好的2. jacket 夹克衫3. purple 紫色4. parent 父(母)亲5. cousin 堂(表)兄(弟) ;堂(表)姐(妹)6. daughter 女儿7. baseball 棒球8. classroom 教室9. everywhere 到处10. always 总是11. tennis 网球12. volleyball 排球13. interesting 有趣的14. classmate 同班同学词汇拓展1. spell(v.) spelt/spelled (

2、过去式/过去分词)用字母拼;拼写2. see(v.) saw (过去式) seen (过去分词)看见3. say(v.) says (第三人称单数,一般现在时) said (过去式/过去分词)说;讲4. meet(v.) met (过去式/过去分词)遇见;相逢20. play(v.) player (n.)播放机;运动员 plays (第三人称单数,一般现在时) played (过去式/过去分词)参加(比赛或运动) ;玩耍21. thank(v.) thankful (adj.)感谢的;感激的22. radio(n.) radios (pl.)收音机;无线电广播23. color(n.) co

3、lorful (adj.)颜色鲜2 meeting (n.)会议;集会5. one(num.) first (序数词)第一 once (adv.)一次;曾经6. friend(n.) friendly (adj.)友好的 friendship (n.)友谊7. China(n.) Chinese (n.)语文;汉语;中国人 Chinese (adj.)中国的;汉语的8. family(n.) families (pl.)家庭;家人9. have(v.) has (第三人称单数,一般现在时) had (过去式/过去分词)经受;经历10. photo(n.) photos (pl.)照片11. d

4、ictionary(n.) dictionaries (pl.)词典;字典12. teach(v.) teacher (n.)老师;教师 taught (过去式/过去分词)教13. help(v. & n.) helpful (adj.)有用的14. watch(n.) watches (pl.)表;艳的24. good(adj.) better (比较级)较好的(地) ;更好的(地) best (最高级)最好的(地)25. two(num.) second (序数词)第二 twice (adv.)两次26. three(num.) third (序数词)第三27. nine(num.) ni

5、nth (序数词)第九28. key(n.) keys (pl.)钥匙29. get(v.) gets (第三人称单数,一般现在时) getting (现在分词) got (过去式/过去分词)去取(或带来) ;得到30. interest(n. & v.) interesting (adj.)有趣的 interested (adj.)感兴趣的31. boring(adj.) bored (adj.)厌倦的32. relaxing(adj.) relaxed (adj.)感到轻松的 relax (v.)使轻松33. love(v. & n.) lovely (adj.)可爱3手表 watch (

6、v.)注视;观看15. find(v.) found (过去式/过去分词)找到;发现16. lose(v.) lost (过去式/过去分词)遗失;丢失17. come(v.) came (过去式) come (过去分词)来;来到18. think(v.) thought (过去式/过去分词)认为;思考 thought (n.)思想;思考;想法19. know(v.) knew (过去式) known (过去分词)知道;了解 knowledge (n.)知识;学问的34. difficult(adj.) difficulty (n.)困难;难题35. easy(adj.) easily (adv

7、.)容易地36. who(pron.) whose (所有格)谁的 whom (宾格)谁37. go(v.) goes (第三人称单数,一般现在时) went (过去式) gone (过去分词)去;走中考词组短语词 组1. call sb. at. 拨打电话给某人2. family/last name 姓3. given/first name 名4. full name 全名8. play basketball 打篮球9. watch TV 看电视10. play sports 做运动11. e-mail me at. 给我发电子邮件到45. under the chair 在椅子下面6. a

8、 set of 一套;一副;一串7. lost and found 失物招领12. nice to meet you 很高兴见到你13. come on/hurry up 快点儿14. model plane 模型飞机中考句型回顾书面表达素材 1. 交朋友 Call me at 685-6034. 拨打电话 685-6034 找我。 E-mail me at . 请给我发电子邮件到。2. 家庭(人)Here are two nice photos of my family. 这里有两张我家人的漂亮照片。 There are five people in my family. 我家有 5 个人。

9、I only watch sports on TV . 我只在电视上看体育节目。3. 校园生活I study at PEP Middle School . 我在 PEP 中学读书。I lost my student ID card. I must find it. 我掉了我的学生卡,我必须找到它。After class, I play ping-pong with my classmates. 下课后,我和同学们一起打乒乓球。语法精萃 Whats this in English? 这用英语怎么说?Its an eraser. 它是一块橡皮。 (不定冠词)5Is this your pencil

10、? 这是你的铅笔吗?No, its hers . 不,是她的。 (物主代词) Wheres his pen? 他的钢笔在哪?Its on the desk. 在课桌上。 (方位介词)I dont have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does . 我没有足球,但是我的弟弟艾伦有。 (一般现在时和并列连词)Who is he ? 他是谁? He is my brother. 他是我兄弟。 (人称代词) Those are my parents . 那是我父母。 (指示代词和名词复数) What/How about this dictionary? 这本字

11、典呢?Its Helens . 它是海伦的。 (名词所有格)情景交际 Whats your phone number ? 你的电话号码是多少? Who is he? 他是谁? He is my brother . 他是我弟弟。 Have a good day!祝你们过得愉快! Thanks!You, too. 谢谢!你们也一样。 Excuse me , Grace. Is this your pencil? 劳驾,格雷丝。这是你的铅笔吗? Thank you for your help, Anna. 安娜,谢谢你的帮助。 Youre welcome . 别客气。 How do you spel

12、l it? 你怎样拼写它? 6B-O-O-K. B-O-O-K。 Ask the teacher for it. 找老师要它。 What color is it? 它是什么颜色? Its white. 白色。 Lets play soccer. 让我们踢足球吧。 That sounds good. 听起来不错。课堂突破中考重点单词与短语一、call 的用法【例句展示】1. Please call Tom at 567-1348.请拨打电话 567-1348 给汤姆。2. I have a brother called Jim.我有一个叫吉姆的兄弟。3. Please make a phone

13、call to Tom.请打电话给汤姆。【精讲辨析】1. vt. 打电话。2. vt. 叫;称呼。3. n. 电话。7【活学活用】根据短文内容和所给汉语提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Im James Brown. You can (叫) me James. If you have any question, make a phone (电话) to me. (打电话) me at 158-7684.二、family 的用法【例句展示】1. He has a big family.他有一个大家庭。2. His family are having lunch.他一家人正在吃午饭。

14、【精讲辨析】1. n. 家;家庭。强调整体,视为单数。2. n. 家人。强调个体成员,视为复数。【活学活用】用 be 动词的适当形式填空。My family a small one and all my family basketball fans.三、play 的用法【例句展示】1. Lets play basketball.让我们打篮球吧。2. He can play the guitar.8他会弹吉他。3. She often plays with her classmates.她经常和同学们一起玩。4. The radio was playing very loudly.收音机开得很响

15、。5. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍,聪明也变傻。6. Do you want to be in the school play?你想参加校剧表演吗?【精讲辨析】play 既可作名词,表示“玩耍;戏剧” ,也可作动词,表示“玩;打;游戏;播放” 。与球类连用时,不加冠词;与西洋乐器连用时,加定冠词 the。【活学活用】翻译下列短语。1. 打排球 2. 拉小提琴 3. 播放最有趣的音乐 4. 下棋 5. 打牌 6. 扮演的角色 7. 在中起作用 98. 参加校剧表演 中考重点句型一、表示“有”的句型【例句展示】1. I hav

16、e a ruler.我有一把尺。2. He has a great sports collection.他有很多体育收藏品。3. There is a boy at the bus stop.公交车站有个男孩。【归纳提高】1. 例 1、2 表示“某人有” ,第三人称单数作主语时用 has,其他用 have。疑问句形式是:Do.have.?/Does.have.?;否定句形式是:.dont have./.doesnt have.。2. 例 3 表示“ 某地/某时有” ,用 There is/are.句型,其后接单数名词或不可数名词时,用 is;后接复数名词时,用 are;后接两个以上的名词时,遵

17、循就近原则。3. have 的用法有:(1)have sth. done=get sth. done 把某事做好;(2)have sth. to do 有某事要做;(3)have sb. do sth.使(叫)某人做某事。【活学活用】用 have, has, there is 或 there are 填空。1. Mr. Green a small house near the sea.10a cafe near his house. many people in the cafe every day.2. only a table, four chairs and a bed in the r

18、oom.3. The twins many friends here in China.4. sixty minutes in an hour.二、Thanks for.句型【例句展示】Thanks for the photo of your family.谢谢你的全家福照片。【归纳提高】1. Thanks for.或 Thank you for.意为“为而感谢” ,后接名词或动词-ing 形式。2. of 表示“的” ,构成所有格形式,常表示无生命的名词的“所有”关系。注意双重所有格的使用: a friendof Jims 吉姆的一个朋友。【活学活用】根据汉语意思翻译句子。1. 谢谢你带我参

19、观学校。Thanks for me around the school.2. 我房间的门坏了。is broken.3. 我爸爸的一个朋友是飞行员。11is a pilot.中考词语辨析一、take, bring, carry, get 与 fetch【例句展示】1. Please take these things to your brother.请把这些东西带给你哥哥/弟弟。2. Waiter, please bring me a cup of water.服务员,请给我一杯水。3. Mom, can you get/fetch me something to eat?妈妈,能给我拿一些吃的

20、吗?4. The box is too heavy. Can you help me to carry it?这箱子太重了。你能帮我搬一下吗?【辨异突破】take, bring, carry, get 和 fetch 都是动词,且都有“拿”和“带”的意思,但用法有所不同。1. take 意为“带去;拿去” ,常与 there 连用,常用结构有:take sb./sth. to sp.,表示“带某人/某物去某地” 。从近处带到远处。2. bring 意为“带来;拿来” ,常与 here 连用。从远处带到近处。3. carry 意为“搬运” ,不强调方向,带有负重的意思。4. get 意为“得到”

21、或“去拿” 。125. fetch 表示“去拿” ,强调来回。【活学活用】用 take, bring, get, fetch 或 carry 的适当形式填空。1. Dont forget to your ID card here next time.2. The school bus us to school every day.3. Please some water for the young trees.4. Its polite to let the woman who is a baby have your seat.二、excuse me 与 Im sorry【例句展示】1. Ex

22、cuse me, is this your pen?打扰了,这是你的钢笔吗?2. Im sorry, Im late.对不起,我迟到了。【辨异突破】131. excuse me 意为“打扰了;对不起 ”,一般是为了与陌生人搭话,或者要打断对方在说(做)的事。excuse 可作名词,意为“借口” 。2. Im sorry 意为“对不起” ,表示道歉。【活学活用】根据汉语提示完成句子。1. (打扰了), is there a hotel near here?Yes, there is. Its on Green Street.2. Dont draw on the blackboard, Dave

23、.(对不起), Mr. Zhang. I wont do it again.3. Why didnt Sally play the violin at the concert last night?She said that her hands hurt, but that was only a(n) (借口). I saw her playing tennis just now.三、a/an, one 与 it【例句展示】1. Im a teacher.我是一名老师。2. He has a computer, but I dont have one.他有一台电脑,可是我没有。3. She h

24、as a skirt. It is red.她有一条短裙,是红色的。【辨异突破】14a/an 用于可数名词单数前,表示一类人或事物;one 作代词时,用来替代与上文同类的事物,但不同于上文所提到的那个;it 指上文提到的事物,表示特指。当句子前面提到的名词是复数形式时,后面再一次提到时,用 they 代替。【活学活用】用 a/an, one 或 it 填空。Excuse me. Do you have dictionary?Yes, I have . But I lent to Tom.中考写作突破人物篇【话题解读】人物故事类书面表达一般针对考生熟悉的著名人物或者同学、朋友、老师、亲人来设题,

25、要求考生对人物进行描写,主要涉及描写人物的简历、变化、可敬之处及自己对此人物的评价等,此类试题通常以要点提示或者表格提示的方式来考查,这类文章常用一般现在时,也可穿插现在完成时和一般过去式。【常见表达】1. He is one of the most talented students I have ever met.2. I have a friend called Tom.3. He often helps his classmates with the homework.4. She always helps me to work out the answers myself no ma

26、tter how difficult they are.5. He is always ready to help people in trouble.6. I want to be a person like Jenny from now on and get on well with everyone.157. I am so thankful to him that I will remember him forever.【典型例题】(甘肃武威中考)今天是西方的“父亲节” ,请根据以下提示以 My Best Dad 为题写一篇短文介绍自己的父亲。要求:(1)文中需包含提示中提到的至少 4

27、 条内容;(2)可根据图片发挥想象、适量拓展;(3)句子及篇章结构准确、连贯,书写规范;(4)词数:80100;(5)文中不得出现父亲的真实姓名、工作单位及考生的任何个人相关信息。My Best DadMy dad is the best man I know. He is 45 years old. He is so good at making my whole family happy. When he comes home from work, he likes to tell us something interesting hes heard or read during the

28、day. And his pockets are full of chocolates that always make me happy. He likes eating noodles best. My favorite memory of my dad is that he always wants to keep me from making mistakes but he tries to let me find my own way, even though his heart breaks 16in silence when I get hurt. This is my best

29、 dad. I love him and Im so proud of him.【亮点点评】1. 文章包含所有内容要点,结构完整,语句流畅,意思清楚、连贯。2. 文章中连词 when, and, but, even though 的运用使行文连贯、层次分明。3. 状语从句 When he comes home from work, .和定语从句.something interesting hes heard or read during the day 的运用,给文章增添了亮点。当堂检测一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,每词限用一次。father good them watch difficu

30、lty 1. John can play the drums very .2. Day is in June.3. Its to play tennis well.4. My grandma TV every evening.5. Are these their books?Yes, they are .17二、根据短文内容和所给汉语提示,在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Good 1 (早上). Im Dale. 2 (欢迎) to my home. There are 3 (五) people in my family. These are my two brothers, Ted

31、 and Bob. Look!This is 4 (他们的) room. Its not very tidy. The books are 5 (到处). Teds computer game is 6 (在下面) the bed. Where is the radio? I cannot 7 (找到) it. Oh, I know its behind the door. Its 8 (棕色的). There is a telephone on the wall. The 9 (号码) is 8527-6521. Please call me. We are good 10 (朋友).三、用

32、所给词的适当形式填空。1. We must protect animals, because they are (we) friends.2. Every night, when Tom lies in bed, he usually (think) about what he will do tomorrow.3. In our life, we need to thank those who have (help) us.4. Please take (they) to your classroom.5. There (be) many people in the room.6. My f

33、athers (brother) are my uncles.7. Lucy is a (China) girl.8. This is your pen. (I) is on the desk.9. It is my (one) visit to Hong Kong, so I feel really excited.10. Tom is one of the (good) students in my class.参考答案课堂突破18【中考重点单词与短语】 一、call, call, Call二、is, are三、1. play volleyball 2. play the violin 3

34、. play the most interesting music 4. play chess5. play cards 6. play the role of. 7. play a part in. 8. be in the school play【中考重点句型】 一、1. has, There is, There are 2. There is 3. have 4. There are二、1. showing 2. The door of my room 3. A friend of my fathers【中考词语辨析】 一、1. bring 2. takes 3. get/fetch 4

35、. carrying二、1. Excuse me 2. Im sorry 3. excuse 三、a, one, it当堂检测一、1. well 2. Fathers 3. difficult 4. watches5. theirs二、1. morning 2. Welcome 3. five 4. their 195. everywhere 6. under 7. find 8. brown 9. number 10. friends 三、1. our 2. thinks 3. helped 4. them 5. are 6. brothers 7. Chinese 8. Mine 9. first 10. best

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