一年级数学下册第1单元加与减(一)《跳伞表演》备课教案(新版)北师大版.docx

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1、1跳伞表演【教学目标】1结合具体情境,经历用十几减几的退位减法解决“求一个数比另一个数多多少或少多少”的简单问题的过程。2掌握十几减 5,4,3,2 的退位减法。【教学重难点】用十几减几的退位减法解决“求一个数比另一个数多多少或少多少”的简单问题。【教学过程】创设情境,问题导入1.师:用电脑出示课本第 10 页全景图,观察图,理解图意,说一下这幅图的意思吗?生:蜗牛在跳伞。师:你们能根据这幅图提一个减法问题吗?学生讨论并回答:背红色降落伞的蜗牛比背黄色的多几个?怎么列式?(14-6)师:14-6?该怎么算呢?下面同学们用自己喜欢的方法算出来,纸上计算。生:14-6=8(个)2.师:还能够提出不

2、一样的减法问题吗?背蓝色降落伞的蜗牛比背红色的少几个?怎么列式?(14-7)该怎么算呢?下面同学们用自己喜欢的方法算出来。3.出示 11 页“试一试” 。提问:今天比昨天少生了几个蛋怎么列式?(11-5=)11-5=?如何计算用小棒演示摆小棒(1)先摆 11 根小棒,再从中一根一根地拿掉,拿走 5 根后,就知道还剩 6 根。(2)先把摆好的 11 根小棒分成 10 根和 1 根,再从 10 根里拿掉 5 根剩 5 根,把这 5根加上 1 根,就得到还有 6 根了。(3)把 5 根小棒分两次拿。先从 11 根里拿走 1 根,再从 10 根里拿走 4 根,最后只剩下 6 根了。(4)想 6+511

3、,反过来 11-56。2师:十几减 5 会做了,那十几减 4,3,2 呢?11-2= 12-3= 13-4=师:方法和十几减 5 是一样的。11-2=9 12-3=9 13-4=9【巩固练习】1.课本第 11 页“练一练”第 1 题。要求学生观察图,想一想谁摘得多,多几个?怎样列式?学生列式,说说计算方法及各数表示的意义。2.课本第 11-12 页“练一练”第 2、3 题。学生观察图,交流,列出算式,并比较两题的相同点和不同点。3.课本第 12 页“练一练”第 7 题。课件出示题图,让学生数一数,学生和老师各有多少人,求出老师比学生少几人,再根据图中的信息提出另外一个数学问题并列算式解答。【课堂小结】这节课我们在解决跳伞问题中知道了“比较两个数量的多少”可以用减法计算,丰富了对减法意义的认识。

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