1、专题五 形容词和副词中考考点解读 广东省卷近 5年中考统计情况 (单项填空 完形填空 短文填空) 形容词 原级 2014 rich 2015 tired 2016 2017 easy 2018 wide, such2014 2015 less money and fewer people 2016 2017 more harm than 形容词 比较级 2018 more exciting than 形容词 最高级 2014 one of the largest 2015 2016 the second deepest 2017 2018形容词 辨析 2014 2015 2016 2017 2
2、018 常见 副词 2014 too 2015 later 2016 enough 2017 online 20182014 2015 2016 2017 副词 比较级 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 副词 最高级 2018 副词 辨析 2014 especially 2015 seriously 2016 nearly 2017 heavily 2018 hard 考点分析：从近5年的考查情况来看，形容词和 副词都是单项填空和完形填空的必考点， 形容词主要考查比较级、最高级和词义 辨析，副词主要考查词义辨析。2019年 备考时应掌握好形容词的比较级和最高 级、常见的形容词和
3、副词的词义辨析， 同时也要注意副词的比较级和最高级的 练习。1. 形容词的特点 结构 位置 例子 形容词 名词 一般位 于名词 前 bad weather, an important lesson, an 8-year-old boy 形容词 考点 形容词的用法结构 位置 例子 形容词 enough 位于 enough 前 tall enough (修饰名词 时：enough water) 不定代词 形容词 位于不 定代词 后 something wrong， nothing special， anything else The teacher has something important
4、to tell us. 结构 位置 例子 keep/stay 形容词 位于 keep/stay 后 We should keep our classroom clean. 度量词组 形容词 位于度量 词组后 5 metres deep, 800 kilometres long结构 位置 例子 系动词：be 动词 am/is/are 连系动 词/感官 动词 形容词 五变： turn变色， get变温， be/become变成， go变质 be/become happy, turn red, get warm, go bad(变质) 结构 位置 例子 连系 动词/ 感官 动词 形 容词 五感 官
5、： look, sound, taste, smell, feel(眼看，耳 听，口尝，鼻 闻，手摸) Lily says the fruit in the garden looks attractive and smells sweet. We eat it and it tastes delicious. We feel happy. It sounds wonderful.结构 位置 例子 系动词 形容词(动 词过去分 词) get/be married(结婚)， get dressed(自己穿衣)， be lost(迷路)， look worried(看上去很焦虑)2. -ing形容词
6、和-ed形容词用法的区别 形容词 用法 tiring boring exciting interesting 指事物对人的影 响，常修饰事物， 主语一般是物 tired bored excited interested 指人对事物的感 受，主语一般是人 例子 He felt _ after watching the _ match. (他“感到兴奋”用 excited，比赛 “令人感到兴奋”，用 exciting) ( )(2011广东) Have you ever seen the movie called Los Angeles 2011? Yes, but I think its _.
7、I fell asleep when I saw it. A. exciting B. boring C. bored D. excited B 中考专题面对面 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Rainy days make me (sad) 2. The leaves turn (yellow) when autumn comes. 3. Listen to me carefully. Then you will find it (easy) to do by yourself. 4. The dress looks (beautiful) and feels (soft) 5. W
8、e should keep our hands (open) and eyes (close). sad easy yellow beautiful soft open closed 对点专练 1. It is形容词(for/of sb.)to do sth. It is形容词(for sb.)to do sth.意为 “(对某人来说)做某事是的” *(形容词是描写事物特性的词，如 easy, difficult, important 等) It is necessary to tell him about it. 有必要把这件事告诉他。 It is easy for him to answe
9、r such a question. 对他来说，回答这样的一个问题很容易。 考点 与形容词相关的一些特殊句型It is形容词(of sb.) to do sth.意为 “(某人)做某事是的” *(形容词是描述人物性格特征的词， 如 nice kind, clever, brave等) It is very brave of Yang Liwei to fly into space. 杨利伟飞上太空是很勇敢的。 It is very nice of you to lead the way for us. 你能给我们带路真是太好了。2. find/think/feel/make it形容词to d
10、o sth. find/think/feel/make it形容词to do sth.意为“发现/认为/觉得/使得做某 事是的” If o u n di th a r dt oc l i m bu pt ot h et o po f the mountain. 我发现很难爬上山顶。 The machine makes it possible to stay in the deep sea for a long time. 这台机器使 得长时间停留在深海里成为可能。3. too形容词(for sb.)to do sth. / 形容词enough(for sb.)to do sth. / so形容
11、词that too形容词(for sb.)to do sth.意为 “太而不能做某事” She is too weak to walk farther. 她太虚弱，不能再走了。 The house is too expensive for him to buy. 房子太贵了，他买不起。形容词enough(for sb.)to do sth. 意为“足够去做某事” He is not old enough to go to school. 他还不够年龄上学。 The money is not much enough for me to buy this car. 这些钱不够我买这辆车。 so形容
12、词that 从句 意为“如此以至于” The song is so popular that everyone can sing it. 这首歌如此流行，以至于人人都会唱。 He was so lazy that he was fired very soon. 他太懒惰了，因此很快就被解雇了。句型转换(注：三个句型都是使用形容词 原级) He is too young to go to school. He is not old enough to go to school. He is so young that he cant go to school. 他太小了，还不能去上学。( )1.
13、 Its very _ of you to help me. Its my pleasure. Im glad youve made such great progress. A. kindly B. unkind C. kind D. kinder ( )2. Some students find it _ to study English because they havent found a right way to learn. A. difficult B. difficultly C. easy D. easily C A 对点专练 ( )3. Linda was so _ tha
14、t she rushed to the kitchen, hoping to find something to eat. A. hungrier B. hungriest C. hungry D. hungrily ( )4. Although we lost, dont give up. Its necessary for us to practice _ than before. Yes, I agree wi th you. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly C B( )5. My brother is only 16 years old a
15、nd isnt _ to get a drivers license. A. old enough B. enough old C. young enough D. enough young A表一：规则变化 方法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词比较级 er，最高级 est warm warmer warmest 以 e结尾的单音 节词比较级r， 最高级st late later latest 考点 形容词的比较级和最高级构成方法 原级 比较级 最高级 重读闭音节，且词 尾只有一个辅音字 母，双写该辅音字 母，比较级er，最 高级est big hot bigger hotter bigges
16、t hottest 以辅音字母加 y结 尾，改 y为 i，比较 级er，最高级 est busy heavy busier heavier busiest heaviest方法 原级 比较级 最高级 某些双音节 和多音节词 (三个或以 上)，通常比 较级在前面 more/less， 最高级 most/least tired more tired most tired famous more famous most famous interesting less interesting least interesting表二：不规则变化 原级 比较 级 最高 级 原级 比较级 最高级 good/
17、well (两好) better best farther (距离远) farthest bad/ill (两坏) worse worst far (一远) further (程度深) furthest 原级 比较 级 最高 级 原级 比较级 最高 级 many/ much (两多) more most old (一老) older (岁数大； 东西旧) oldest little (一少) less least elder (家庭中 年长的) eldest写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级。 1. fast 2. hot 3. lazy 4. young 5. early 6. good
18、7. ill/bad 8. useful 9. fat 10. little faster fastest hotter hottest lazier laziest younger youngest earlier earliest better best worse worst more useful most useful fatter fattest less least 对点专练 1 1 . f a m o u s 1 2 . q u i c k l y 13. many 14. busy 1 5 . c l e ve r 16. old 17. few more famous mo
19、st famous more quickly most quickly more most busier busiest cleverer/more clever cleverest/most clever older(elder) oldest(eldest) fewer fewest18. far 19. large 20. beautiful 21. carefully 22. difficult farther(further) farthest(furthest) larger largest more beautiful most beautiful more carefully
20、most carefully more difficult most difficult1. 使用原级的句型 句型 含义 例子 Aas 原级as B 表示“A 与 B 一 样” She studies as hard as Lisa. 她学习与丽萨一 样努力。(副词原 级) 考点 形容词和副词的比较级 和最高级的用法句型 含义 例子 Anot as/so原 级as B 表示“A 不及/不如 B” She doesnt study so hard as Lisa. 她学习不如丽萨 努力。 倍数 as原级 as 表示倍数 This tree is three times as tall as th
21、at one. 这棵树 是那棵树的三倍 高。(形容词原级)2. 使用比较级的句型 句型 含义 例子 A比 较级 thanB 表示“A 比 B更” My room is bigger than yours. 我的 房间比你的大。句型 含义 例子 A much/even/a little比较级 thanB 表示“A 比 B 得多” Our classroom is much cleaner than theirs. 我们的教 室比他们的教室干 净得多。 Aless 原级than B 表示“A 不及/不如 B” The film was less funny than that one. 这部电影不
22、 及那部有趣。 句型 含义 例子 比较级 and比较级 (单音节形容 词) more and more原级 (多音节形容 词) 表示 “越来 越 ” It is getting hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热了。 She is becoming more and more popular. 她变得越来越受 欢迎了。 句型 含义 例子 the比 较级，the 比较级 表示 “越， 就越” The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越认真， 犯的错误就越少。 比较级 than any other单
23、数名词 表示“比其 他任何 的 都” Lin Tao is taller than any other student in his class. 林涛比他班上的任 何一个学生都要 高。 3. 使用最高级的句型 句型 含义 例子 the最 高级of(in, among) 表示三者 或以上的 比较 He is the tallest boy in our class. 他是我们班上最 高的男生。 one of the形容 词最高级 名词复数 表示 “最 之一” Beijing is one of the biggest cities in China. 北京是中国最大 的城市之一。句型 含义 例
24、子 the序 数词最高 级名词单 数 表示“第 几 的” The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国第二 长的河流。( )1. (2018 广东) What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea? Wonderful. Ive never seen a movie _ than it. A. more excited B. more exciting C. most excited D. most exciting ( )2. (2017 广东)It sbe l i
25、e v edth a t playing computer games too much does _ harm than good. A. many B. much C. more D. most B 中考专题面对面 C( )3. (2016 广东) Among the four seas o fft h ec o a stofCh i na ,E a stCh i naSe ai s the second _. A. deep B. deeper C. deepest D. the deepest ( )4. (2015 广东) Bob knows how to cut the cost
26、of the project. Im sure he can do the work with _ money and _ people. A. less; less B. fewer; more C. more; fewer D. less; fewer C D( )5. (2014广东) Ive heard that Zhuhai Chimelong Ocean Kingdom is one of _ ocean parks in Asia. A. very large B. the larger C. much larger D. the largest ( )6. (2013广东) W
27、hat do you think of the film So Young directed by Zhao Wei? Wonderful. I think its _ than the other films about youth in recent years. A. the best B. the worst C. much better D. much worse D C() 7 . ( 2 0 1 2 广东) Eighteen kids died in the school bus accident in Gansu Province. Its _ one that I have
28、ever heard of. A. a very serious B. a more serious C. the most serious D. the least serious ( )8. (2010 广东) How are you feeling today? Much _. I can go to school next week. A.g ood B.be tte r C.be st D.w e ll C B( )9. (2009 广东) The Yangtze River is the _ river in China. A. long B. longest C. short D
29、. shortest ( )10. (2008广东) John, is Henry your twin brother? Oh, yes. He is twenty minutes _ than me. A. heavier B. elder C. taller D. older B D用括号内所给单词的适当级别(原级、比较级、 最高级)填空。 1. The newly built bridge is three times as (long) as the old one. 2. Of all the subjects, he likes physics (well) 3. Which is
30、 (difficult), English or math? 4. Its quite in winter in Hunan. But its even in Heilongjiang. (cold) long best more difficult cold colder 对点专练 5. This bridge is as (wide) as that one. But its much (long) and (old) 6. Beijing is the second (large) city in China. 7. Roses handwriting is (good) among u
31、s. 8. The (many) friends you have, the (much) help you will get. wide longer older largest the best more more9. The boy studies harder and (hard). I think he will be (successful) 10. Tom doesnt walk as (slowly) as Mike.harder successful slowly副词 副词是指在句中描写人或物的行为或 状态特征的词，用以修饰动词、形容词、 其它副词或句子，表示时间、地点、程度
32、、 方式等概念。序号 种类 例子 1 频度 副词 2 地点 副词 here, there, nearby, outside, upwards, above 3 方式 副词 hard, well, fast, quickly, slowly, excitedly, really 考点 副词的种类序号 种类 例子 4 程度 副词 almost, nearly, very, fairly, quite/rather(相当) 5 时间 副词 ago, before, just, then, soon, now, once, early, finally, recently, still 6 疑问 副词
33、 how, where, when, why注意：很多形容词ly 就变成副词， 形容 词通常意为“的”，副词意为“ 地”。 形容词 副词 bad坏的 badly坏地 quick迅速的 quickly 迅速地 wide 宽阔的 widely 广泛地 careful 认真的 carefully 认真地1. 副词常用来修饰行为动词、形容词和副 词 用法 例子 行为动词方 式副词 do well, do badly, drive carefully, move quickly 程度副词形 容词 very good, really bad, too quiet 程度副词方 式副词 very well,
34、really badly, too loudly 考点 副词的用法2. 注意副词的位置 位置 例子 方式副词修饰不及 物动词， 通常放在被 修饰的动词后面； 修 饰及物动词时， 一般 放在宾语后面 She listens carefully in class. 她认真听课。 He speaks French very fluently. 他的法语说得很流 利。位置 例子 及物 动词 副 词 及物动词副 词名词及物 动词名词副 词 move away the box move the box away 及物动词代 词副词(代词要 放中间) write it down, throw them aw
35、ay, turn it up用括号内所给单词的正确形式或适当级别(原级、 比较级、最高级)填空。 1. The volunteer spoke as (clear) as she could to make the visitors understand her. 2. All the people in the family were asleep. So he had to open the door (quiet) 3. If you dont put the food in the fridge, it will go bad (easy) clearly quietly easily
36、 对点专练 4. It is raining (hard). I can (hard) see the things in front of me. 5. Lucy looked after her pet cat _ (c ar e fu l)ofa l lh e rc l a ssm ate s. hard hardly carefully (the)most 中考专题面对面 ( )1. (2018 广东) My grandpa practices playing the guitar _ in the university for the elderly every day. Cool!
37、 Its never too old to learn. A. hard B. hardly C. great D. greatly A( )2. (2017 广东) We can collect rainwater when it rains _, and use it to water plants. A. softly B. heavily C. noisily D. quietly ( )3. (2016 广东) According to a recent survey, _ three fifths of working mothers in China dont want to h
38、ave a second child. A. mostly B. especially C. partly D. nearly B D( )4. (2015 广东) The final exam is very important. We must treat it _. A. serious B. seriously C. careless D. carelessly ( )5. (2014 广东) Take care when you are driving _ in a summer storm like this. A. immediately B. especially C. pro
39、bably D. recently B B( )6. (2012 广东) Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night? No, I _ go to the cinema. The tickets are too expensive. A. hardly B. nearly C. still D. only ( )7. (2011广东) Steve is good at writing short stories. So he is. But he writes _ than us. So he cant get good grad
40、es in writing. A. most carefully B. more carefully C. less carefully D. least carefully A C() 8 . ( 2 0 0 8 广东)I tt a k e sm o r et i m et o go there by ship than by bus. Its _ by train of the three. A. faster B. the fastest C. fast D. much fast B真题演练 15 CBBBD 610 DBBDA 1115 CAABC 1620 DBCCA A组：模拟演练 15 DABCD 610 ACBBD 1115 AACBD 1620 CBDAD 2125 ADABA B组：能力提升 15 BDBCA 610 CBDCB
