2019中考英语二轮复习名词、冠词易错题练习.doc

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1、12019中考英语:名词、冠词易错题练习一、典型易错名词考题分析1. _ fathers made them have piano lessons. A. Peter and Anns B. Peters and AnnsC. Peters and Ann D. Peter and Ann【解析】此题容易误选 A或 C。错误的原因是由于受思维定势的影响。平时考生们做多了“This is Lucy and Lilys bedroom. ”这样的题,那么一看到这样的题就想到只是在后面一个单词后面用所有格。其实,到底用一个所有格,还是用两个所有格,取决于它们所修饰的名词:如果所修饰的名词是单数可数名

2、词,就只在后面一个名词后面用所有格;如果所修饰的名词是复数可数名词,就两个名词都用所有格。正确答案为 B。2. There are a lot _ people today than yesterday. A. of B. / C. most D. more【解析】此题容易误选 A。有不少考生因受“ a lot of +名词”这一思维定势的影响,一看到 a lot,就选择了 A。其实,该句中的 a lot是用来修饰形容词的比较级 more的,than引导的是比较状语从句。正确答案为 D。3. “Excuse me, are you _? ”“No, we are _. ”A. American

3、, Englishman B. American, GermansC. American, Germen D. Englishman, Americans【解析】先从词性来看,American 和 German 既可以用作名词也可以用作形容词,用作名词时,其复数形式分别为 Americans 和 Germans;选项中的 Englishman只能用作名词,其复数形式是 Englishmen。先看第一空:如果单从 Excuse me, are you _?来看,要是填 Englishman,就应该在其前加不定冠词,即说成 Excuse me, are you an Englishman? 但是,

4、根据答语中的 we are可知,问句中的 you 其实是指“你” ,而是指“你们” ,所以如果用 Englishman,就应换成 Englishmen 才对。由此可排除选项 D。再看第二空:由于 German的复数是 Germans,不是 Germen,由此可确定 C错误;再根据 we are可知,其后若用名词 Englishman,必须要用复数 Englishmen,而不能是单数,所以排除 A。所以此题答案为 B。4. My class teacher has given me lots of _. Theyre very useful.2A. information B. advice C

5、. suggestions D. news【解析】考查名词的数。 “我的班主任给了我很多有用的建议。 ”此题易误选 B. advice 劝告,忠告,建议。语义上貌似说得通,但是后面有 Theyre ,主谓为复数概念,排除。正确答案为 C. suggestions建议。另外 information 信息,news 消息,新闻均为不可数名词。5. _ damage was done by the flood.A. A great deal B. A large number of C. A large amount of D. A plenty of 【解析】考查名词的数。 “洪水造成了很大的危害

6、。 ”此题容易误选。首先抓住 damage这个关键词,它作名词时不可数, “损害,破坏” 。A . A great deal 少 了 一 个 介 词 of, 不 完 整 。B. A large number of , 许 多 的 , 大 量 的 , 相 当 于 many和 a number of , 直 接 修 饰 可 数名 词 的 复 数 形 式 。 C. A large amount of 许 多 的 , 大 量 的 , 相 当 于 much和 an amount of , 只 能 修 饰 不 可 数 名 词 。 D. A plenty of 不 存 在 , 正 确 形 式 为 plent

7、y of 充 足 的 , 大 量 的 ,相 当 于 a lot of 和 lots of , 比 较 广 泛 , 修 饰 所 有 名 词 。 正 确 答 案 为 C。7. Larry is dreaming of being an _ like Tom Cruise. (act)【解析】考查动词和名词的转化。 “拉里想成为像 Tom Cruise一样的一名演员。 ”此题易出现误写 actress, 误把 Larry当成女性。后面有 like Tom Cruise 这样的提示性信息,可以判断出为男演员。 acter 拼写错误,单词不过关。注意一组词:waiter/ waitress actor/

8、actress。这类题比较简单但也容易出错,要关注句子的主语是男是女,还要做到单词的准确拼写。8. A careless driver and the terrible weather were responsible for these peoples_. ( die)【解析】考查动词和名词的转化。 “麻痹大意的司机和糟糕的天气应该为这些人的死亡负责。”此题容易误写成 deathes 或 death. 首先这里判断要填入名词,death , n .死亡,其次它是可数名词,复数为 deaths。而变复数加 es的是以 s,x,sh,ch结尾系列的,如 bus-buses, box-boxes,

9、 brush-brushes, match-matches, month-months(特殊)等。正确答案为:deaths。9. It is reported that three bank have happened lately in the city. (roB.3【解析】考查名词的数。 “据报道,最近这座城市发生了 3起银行抢劫案。 ”正确答案为robberies. 有同学犯单线思维的错误,会直接想到 s而填 robber入。Robber,n.抢劫犯,指人,不符合这里的语境。所以要指出的是,对于一个词有多重变化时,一定要考虑它所缺的词性和词义,只有两者结合才能准确无误。正确答案:rob

10、beries。比较例句:Finally, the policemen succeeded in catching the robbers.10. The _of Jin Mao Building is 340 meters. (high)【解析】考查形容词转化我名词。此题易误写成 highest, 因为有同学看到前面的 the就想到是否是填形容词的最高级。而这里句子的意思是“金茂大厦的高度” ,所以正确答案是height,n.高度。10. Which is the way to the _?A. shoe factory B. shoes factory C. shoes factory D.

11、 shoes factory【解析】考查名词作定语。此题有多种误解。在初中阶段,做定语的一般都是形容词或介词短语或定语从句,但这里是用名词作定语表示某事物的功能,用途及性质。正确答案为A。类似的形式还有:coffee cup, apple tree 等等。11. The government is trying hard to find a(n) to the traffic problem in big cities.A. operation B. solution C. pollution D. occupation【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。 “政府正在努力寻找解决大城市交通问题的方案。

12、 ”按照语义正确答案是 B。operation,名词,手术,操作,操练。Solution 名词,解决问题的办法,方案,途径等。常见短语为the solution to the problem. solve the problem 。Pollution 名词,污染。air/ water/ noise pollution。Occupation 名词,职业。做好这类题需要牢记中考考纲词汇的含义。12.Nowadays people can get _on everything by surfing the internetAimportance B. knowledge C. news D. ide

13、a【解析】考查名词的词义辨析。 “现在人们通过上网可以得到所有事物的讯息(知识) 。 ”此题易误选 C。 News 消息,新闻,它更侧重指电视,广播对外发布的消息。importance 名词,重要性。Idea,主意,观点。正确答案是 B,这里相当于 information, 信息。A. You must judge a person by his not by what he says. (act)4【解析】这里考查动词和名词的转换。 “你评判一个人必须通过他的行为而不是他所说的话。“正确答案为 action,名词,行为,动作。Action film 动作片。Actions Speak Lou

14、der than Words。 【谚】事实胜于雄辩。填入 actor 或 active,activity 等答案的同学可能根本没有弄清楚这里的句意或词性。B. We attended a lecture given by a great _yesterday afternoon. (invent)【解析】这里考查动词和名词的转换。此题易误写成 invention,名词,发明物,不符合这里的语义,低级错误。 “昨天下午我们参加了一个由一位伟大发明家所作的讲座。 ”正确答案为 inventor,名词,发明家。15.In exams, the more careful you are, the _m

15、istakes youll makeA. more B. less C. fewer D. few【解析】考查名词的数。此题易错选成 B。 “在考试中你越仔细,你犯的错误就会越少。 ”关键词 mistakes,名词,错误,为可数名词的复数形式,所以这里不能用与 little相关的,B 为 little的比较级,排除。A 选项语义不符。又因为句型“the + 比较级。 。 。 。The+ 比较级。 。 。 ”表示“越。 。 。就越。 。 。 ”,排除 D,正确答案为 C。二、典型冠词易错题分析1. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers _ se

16、cond. A. / B. the C. a D. an【解析】此题容易误选 B。这是由于思维定势引起的,很多同学认为这里的 second是序数词,前面应该用定冠词 the修饰。其实,second 是“秒”的意思。正确答案为 C。2. _ India and China are of _ same continent. A. /; the B. The ; the C. /; / D. /; a【解析】此题容易误选 D。这是由于受汉语思维的影响造成的,因为译成汉语时这句话的意思是“印度和中国在同一个大洲” ,汉语里说“同一个” ,在英语中要说“the same” ,这就是此题的陷阱所在。正确答

17、案为 A。3,Students usually have _ one-day trip in the suburbs in spring. A) a B. an C. the D. /【解析】此题容易误选 B。由于受固定思维的影响,o 为元音字母,很多同学会选 B。英语里可数名词单数前冠词的选择是由其后第一个单词的音素决定的,one /w/,辅音音素,因5此正确答案为 A。补充:1)元音字母,以辅音音素开头 have a one-day trip。2)辅音字母,以元音音素开头 如:F, H, L ,M ,N ,S, X, R (8 个字母)如 MBA, MP3, 等。4.Mr. Black a

18、nd his wife usually go to _ church on Sunday morning. A. a B. an C. / D. the【解析】考查冠词在词组短语里的用法。此题容易误选 D。 “在周日早上,布莱克夫妇通常去教堂做礼拜。 ”go to church 去教堂做礼拜(不加定冠词 the,表示人所从事的某项活动) ;go to the church 去教堂里(加定冠词 the,仅仅指在这个场所地方)而根据文化背景知识,西方人周末时去做礼拜是固有的风俗习惯或礼仪。因此正确答案为 C。具有同样用法的短语有:1)go to hospital 去医院看病;go to the h

19、ospital 去医院里。Go to school去上学 ; Go to the school 去学校里。be at table 在餐桌旁吃饭;be at the table 在桌子旁。5.Learning a countrys language is a better way of knowing _ culture behind it. A. a B. an C. the D. /【解析】考查冠词的用法。此题容易误选 D。 “学习一门国家的语言是更好地了解其背后文化的一种方法。 ”选 D的同学可能认为这里 culture 文化,为一抽象名词,前面是不加冠词的。但是这里特指“该语言背后的文化

20、” ,属于特指的范畴,所以正确答案为 C。6.Eddie and his family won _ MP4 in the Super Families TV Show last week. A. a B. an C. the D. /【解析】此题容易误选 A。这里 M虽然为辅音字母,但发元音因素/em/,所以要选不定冠词 an。如:There is an “m” and a “p” in the word “lamp。正确答案为 B。7.Many university graduates want to work in _ west part of China _ next year.A. t

21、he./ B. a.the C. /the D. the.the【解析】考查冠词的用法。第一个空, “in the west part of China”,在中国西部,方位名词前要加定冠词 the。第二个空,在表时间的一些时间状语前面一般是不加冠词的,如 this morning/ week/ year, last night/ month, next week/ year。不过 the next year 表第二年(用于过去时) 。正确答案为 A。68.How did you make _ living after you left university?A. a B. an C. the

22、D. /【解析】考查冠词在词组短语里的用法。此题容易误选 C。 make a living 表示“谋生” ,类似于 earn onesliving。冠词在词组短语里的考查近年在中考出现的频度还是很大的,平时要加强这方面的积累,做到准确记忆。这种短语表达是约定俗成的,加,漏用,误用冠词都是不对的。正确答案为 A。9.Its common knowledge that light travels faster than sound.A. a B. an C. the D. /【解析】考查固定句型。此题易误选 C。部分同学可能会以为这里是特指。Knowledge,不可数名词,知识。 common k

23、nowledge 常识。Its common knowledge that。 。 。表示“。 。 。是常识。 ”是一个固定句型,用了冠词反而错误,要牢记。正确答案为 D。10.I think it is important for kids to learn how to manage _ money. A. a B. an C. the D. /【解析】此题容易误选 C。Money,金钱,抽象名词,其前不加冠词。部分同学并不清楚这个知识点,可能习惯在前面加个定冠词 the。类似的例子:Failure is the mother of success.【谚】失败乃成功之母。11._ Green

24、s are on _ visit to _ United States of America.A. a, the, a B. /, a, the C. The, the, the D. The, a, the【解析】综合考查冠词的用法。此题容易误选 C。句子的意思是“格林一家正在美国参观访问。 ”第一个空 the 加在姓氏复数前面表示“一家人或夫妇俩” ,如 the Blacks 布莱克一家。第二个空为固定短语,pay/be on a visit to “参观,访问“的意思,就相当于动词 visit。第三个空,美国,the United States ofAmerica ,或简写成 the U

25、.S.A, the US.专有名词(人名,地名,组织,机关,团体)前要加定冠词 the。正确答案 D。12. Dont lose hope, even though weve failed for so many times. Lets have _ third try.A. the B. an C. / D. a 【解析】考查冠词与序数词连用的用法。此题容易误选 A。受固定思维的影响,很多同学认为这里的 second是序数词,前面应该用定冠词 the修饰。其实这里是“不定冠词 a/an + 序数词+ 单数名词”表示“又一,另一”的含义。如 have a second try = have a

26、nother try 再试一次。7专项练习 名词1. We can hear beautiful music, nice songs of birds or different kinds of _in the world with our ears. A. voices B. sounds C. noises D. cries2. To save money, using coupons(优惠券)becomes one of the most popular shopping _ in America.(act)3. If you have any problems, you can ask

27、 your parents to give you _. A. a piece advice B. an advice C. some advice D. some advices4. The little girl didnt know how to _ the toy machine. (operation)5. Mr Black has a large family to _, so he works for two companies. (fooD.6. The century-old Waibaidu Bridge is again an _ for visitors to Shan

28、ghai. (attract)7. These five _ are my elder brothers classmates. ( Germany )8. After discussing for a whole day, they finally reached a to solve the problem. (conclude)9. WTO is the short form of the World Trade _.(organize)10. Do you know anything about Mei Lanfang, the famous _ of Beijing Opera? (

29、art)11. The electric light is one of the greatest _ in the world. (invent)12. Obamas honesty and _ have made him president of the United States. (wise)13. Our government has paid great attention to_ rights nowadays.(farm)14. The older he gets, the more forgetful he becomes. (保 持 原 句 意 思 )He becomes

30、more forgetful _ _ .15. The new _library has been set up.How modern it is!8A.students B.students C.students D.student16. The mountain is 5,300 metres high. (保持句意)The mountain is 5,300 metres _.答案:1.B 2.actions 3.C 4.operate 5.feed 6.attraction 7.Germans 8.conclusion 9.Organization 10.artist 11.inven

31、tions 12.wisdom 13.farmers 14.with age 15.B 16.in height冠词1. Students usually have _ one-day trip in the suburbs in spring. A. a B. an C. the D. /2. Mr. Black and his wife usually go to _ church on Sunday morning.A. a B. an C. / D. the3. Shopping online is really _ useful and convenient way for us t

32、o buy what we want.A. a B. an C. the D. /4. Do you know only you walk with _ umbrella in _ university on a sunny day?A. aan B. anan C. ana D. aa5. Learning a countrys language is a better way of knowing _ culture behind it. A. a B. an C. the D. /6. These days _homeless are taken good care of in the

33、old peoples home.A. a B.an C.the D./7. Eddie and his family won _ MP4 in the Super Families TV Show last week. A. a B. an C. the D. /98. Many university graduates want to work in _ west part of China _ next year.A. the./ B. a.the C. /the D. the.the9. Dudu, 11 -year-old dog, gave us a wonderful perfo

34、rmance on Chinas Got Talent Show.A. a B.an C.the D./10. How did you make _ living after you left university?A. a B. an C. the D. /11. I think it is important for kids to learn how to manage _ money. A. a B. an C. the D. /12. Its common knowledge that light travels faster than sound.A. a B. an C. the

35、 D. /13. Britain is_European country and China is _Asian country.A. an; an B. a; a C. a; an D.an; a14. More and more young people are trying to do something for _ old.A. a B. an C. the D. /15. _ Greens are on _ visit to _ United States of America.A. a, the, a B. /, a, the C. The, the, the D. The, a,

36、 the16. Shopping online is _ useful and convenient way for us to buy things.A a B an C the D /17. The story happened in _ European country.A. a B. an C. the D. /18. Yangpu Bridge is only one of the bridges over _ Huangpu River.A. /, the B. /,/ C. The, the D. The, / 19. Dont lose hope, even though we

37、ve failed for so many times. Lets have _ third try.A. the B. an C. / D. a 20. “Geili” has become _ unusual word this year.A. a B.an C. the D. /1021. By _ way, would you please tell me the address of the chemical company?A. a B. an C. the D. /22. My uncle bought _English-Chinese dictionary for me as

38、a gift last Christmas.A. a B.an C.the D./23. ore and more young people are trying to do something for _old.A. a B. an C. the D. 24._singer over there is very popular. She has lots of fans from home and broad.A. A B. An C.The D. /25._ 84-year-old man was saved by the people after the terrible tsunami

39、 (海啸) in Japan.A. A B. An C. / D. The26. Every time we went to the Shanghai Expo we spent _ couple of hours there.A . a B . an C . the D. /27. My thirteen-year-old brother Jimmy is _ big Lady Gaga fan.A. the B. a C. an D. /28. There are many pavilions within the Expo site. _one in red is China Pavil

40、ion.A. A B. an C. The D. /29. Please take the precious glass there with _ great care. I dont want it to be broken.A.a B. an C. the D. /30. Kitty is such _honest student that she is often praised by her teachers.A. a B.an C.the D. /答案:111. A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.A 11.D 12.D 13.C 14.C 15.D 16.A 17.A 18.A 19.D 20. B 21.C 22B 23.C 24.C 25.B 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.B

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