2019版高考物理二轮复习课时跟踪训练8活用力学“三大观点”解析力学计算题.doc

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1、1课时跟踪训练(八) 活用力学“三大观点”解析力学计算题一、选择题(12 题为单项选择题,35 题为多项选择题)1(2018湖南省株洲市高三毕业模拟)如图所示,足够长的传送带以恒定的速率 v1逆时针运动,一质量为 m 的物块以大小为 v2的初速度从左轮中心正上方的 P 点冲上传送带,从此时起到物块再次回到 P 点的过程中,下列说法正确的是( )A合力对物块的冲量大小一定为 2mv2B合力对物块的冲量大小一定为 2mv1C合力对物块的冲量大小可能为零D合力对物块做的功可能为零D 若 v2v1,物块在传送带上先向右做匀减速直线运动,速度减为零后再返回做匀加速直线运动,达到速度 v1后做匀速直线运动

2、可知物块再次回到 P 点的速度大小为 v1,规定向左为正方向,根据动量定理得,合外力的冲量 I 合 mv1 m( v2) mv1 mv2.根据动能定理知,合外力做功 W 合 mv mv ;若 v2 h0126所以,小球第二次上升的最大高度范围是 h0 tb1va1a1因此小球 a 从传送带上返回再次与静止的 b 球发生碰撞经过 n 次碰撞后小球 a 获得的速度:van( )nv2 m/sma mbma mb 13n 1小球 a 与传送带间的相对位移: x v0tan tan v0tan tanvan2 van2 2v0vana1故生成的热量 Q m ag x2 mav0van J23n 2答案 (1)30 N (2) s (3) J13 23n 29

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