1、知识点十二 比较级的用法 教材原文 Children and young people bow lower when they greet older people.小孩和年轻人在问候年龄大的人时,会鞠躬鞠得更低。 本句中的lower是比较级,表示“更低”。比较级通常以-er结尾。例如: She is shorter than her sister.她比她姐姐个子低。 拓展 对于多音节和部分双音节的词来说,比较级要借助于more来构 成。 Jenny is more beautiful than Lily. 珍妮比莉莉更漂亮。,例 (2016天津中考)A journey by train is
2、 than by coach. A.more relaxing B.relaxing C.most relaxing D.the most relaxing 解析 句意:乘火车旅行比乘长途汽车更令人放松。本题考查形容词的 比较等级。由than可知应用比较级,故选A项。 答案 A,祈使句的用法和结构 本模块的语法重点是“祈使句”。祈使句是英语的基本句型之一,表达 说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、请求或命令等。关于祈使句的用法,是这 样的: 祈使句,无主语,原形动词作开始。 祈使句中一般没有主语,主语you常常省略。句末用感叹号或句号,肯定 结构都以动词原形打头。例如: Go and ask the t
3、eacher.去问问老师。 Do,Be,Let三种形式,委婉请求用“请”字。 祈使句的肯定句式有三种形式:,Do型(行为动词原形+副词) Sit down! 坐下! Be型(Be+表语) Be quiet! 安静! Let型(Let+人称代词宾格+动词原形+其他成分) Let me help you.让我来帮助你。 拓展 为了使祈使句的句式婉转、客气,常加上“请” please。例如: Come here, please.请来这儿。 Please look after your little sister.请照顾你的妹妹。,例 (2018吉林长春五十二中期末) every day, and y
4、ou will keep in good health. A.Exercising B.To exercise C.Exercise D.Exercised 解析 本题考查祈使句的结构。句意:每天都锻炼身体,你就会保持健 康。祈使句要以动词原形开头,故答案为C。 答案 C,否定句式很简单,Dont打头记心间。 祈使句的肯定结构是以动词原形打头,否定结构一般是以“Dont+动 词原形”打头。例如: Dont go there, please.请别去那儿。 Dont be late.不要迟到。 拓展 Lets型祈使句,其否定形式也可用Lets not。例如: Lets not sit here!
5、我们不要坐在这儿!,例 (2018山东济南历城区期中)Peter, listen to music in class. Sorry, Ms. Clark. A.cant B.dont C.mustnt D.doesnt 解析 本题考查否定意义的祈使句。否定意义的祈使句要以dont开 头,故答案为B。 答案 B,smile, laugh,She smiled at him.她冲他微笑。 There is a big smile on her face.她笑容满面。 John told a funny joke.We all laughed.约翰讲了一个滑稽的笑话。我们 都笑了。,例 (2017重
6、庆中考A卷)No one can be right all the time. When people make mistakes, we shouldnt them. A.wait for B.send for C.knock at D.laugh at 解析 本题考查短语搭配。结合本题语境可知,没有人能一直是正确 的。当人们犯错的时候,我们不应该“嘲笑”他们,故laugh at符合题 意。 答案 D,each, every,Each student in this class gave a different answer.这个班的学生所给 答案一个人一个样。 Every student
7、in this class passed the exam.这个班的所有同学都考试及 格了。,Each/Each person/Every person is living a happy life now. 现在人人都过着幸福的生活。 We each love the pop singer. 我们每个人都喜欢那位流行歌手。,注意,例 (2018河南信阳浉河区期末)We each strong points and each of us weak points. A.have;have B.has;have C.has;has D.have;has 解析 句意:我们每个人都有优点,我们每个人也
8、都有缺点。We each中 each是同位语,它并不影响谓语动词的单复数,由此可知,和We搭配的词 是have,先排除B和C;each of us中,each作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式, 故第二空要用has。 答案 D,“日常交往”中的大学问 素养呈现 每个人都不能脱离社会而独立存在,生活在这个世界上,每 个人都需要和不同的人打交道。在日常交往中是有许多学问的,比如: 要使用合适的身体语言,还要注意不同国家的人在一些场合(如问候、 告别、道谢等)时的文化,增强国际意识,尊重他国文化。,素养呈现 本模块的话题和身体语言以及日常交往有关。Unit 1的对 话介绍了初次见面时和表达问候时的一些学问
9、;Unit 2的课文介绍了世 界各地一些独特的身体语言。我们经常会接触到一些和日常交往有关的题目,这些题目通常是说明 文,以阅读理解、任务型阅读和短文填空的题型居多。让我们看看两者 是怎样相结合的吧。典例剖析 从方框中选出合适的词,并用其正确形式填空。 eat, much, left, polite, start, put, drink, somebody, rule, quiet If youre going to a formal western dinner party for the first time, youd better know about western table ma
10、nners.Its 1 to follow them. When you sit down at the table, take your napkin and 2 it on your lap.,The dinner always 3 with a small dish.When you start eating, you should keep the fork in your 4 hand.Its polite to finish 5 every- thing on your plate, so dont take 6 food than you need.Maybe you don t
11、 know whether its polite or not to speak loudly at the table.The answer is that you should speak 7 and smile a lot.When you drink to 8 , you d better raise your glass and take only a sip.Remember not 9 too much.If you cant remember these 10 , just do as other people do. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10
12、.,答案解析 1.polite 按照下面的礼仪去做是“有礼貌的”,故所缺的词是polite。 2.put 拿出餐巾把它“放”在你的大腿上,故所缺的词是put。 3.starts 晚餐总是以一道小菜作为开始,故所缺的词是starts。 4.left 吃西餐的时候,要左手拿叉,故所缺的词是left。 5.eating 吃完盘子里的所有东西是有礼貌的,finish后要用eat的动名 词,故答案为eating。 6.more 不要多于你所需要的食物,故所缺的词是more。 7.quietly 你应该“安静地”说话,故所缺的词是quietly。 8.somebody 当你和某人一起喝酒的时候,你最好举起
13、你的杯子喝一 小口。表示“某人”要用somebody。,9.to drink remember not to do sth.意为“记得不要做某事”,再根据句 意“记得不要喝太多”可知答案为to drink。 10.rules 上面讲到的是一些“规则”,故所缺的词是rules。,.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.Look at the boy.He is (摇晃)a medicine bottle. 2.If you can hear me, you can (点头)your head. 3.The teacher asked us not to (触摸)these exhibitions
14、. 4.Would you mind (移动)your bike outside? Not at all. 5.I remembered putting my bag (某处)in my room,but I couldnt find it.,答案 1.shaking 2.nod 3.touch 4.moving 5.somewhere,.用所给词的适当形式填空 1.I met some (visit)at the square.They were taking photos. 2.She is a little shy.She cant talk with these (foreign).
15、3.The boy often shouts at his mother.He is (polite). 4.Dont shout at me (rude).Its not my fault. 5.This is my (person)letter.I wont let you read it.,答案 1.visitors 2.foreigners 3.impolite 4.rudely 5.personal,.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 1.People think red can b them good luck. 2.She stood up and s hands with t
16、he visitors. 3.The girl is from Tokyo and she can speak J . 4.The boy opened his m and showed me his white teeth. 5.The teacher asked us to help e other.,答案 1.bring 2.shook 3.Japanese 4.mouth 5.each,.从方框中选出合适的词,并用其适当形式填空 smile touch hold move polite 1.I got good grades in the exam.My mother when she
17、 heard the news. 2.Dont the vase on the table.It breaks easily. 3.They are going a concert tomorrow evening. 4.We are going to to a big city. 5.You should learn to be .Then they will make friends with you.,答案 1.smiled 2.touch 3.to hold 4.move 5.polite,.根据汉语意思完成句子。每空一词 1.请按时到我家。 Please come to my hom
18、e . 2.我会先和他们握手的。 I will them first. 3.请帮我打开门。 Please help me . 4.同学们正在站队。 The students are .,5.给他们更多的私人空间。more personal space. 6. 他比他爸爸个子高。 He is his father.,答案 1.on time 2.shake hands with 3.open the door 4.standing in line 5.Give them 6.taller than,.短文填空阅读下面短文,根据所给的中文提示拼写单词,使短文意思完整。 每空限填一词。,Before
19、 you go to another country, it is a great 1 (帮助) if you know the language and some of the customs of the country. When people 2 (见 面) each other for the first time in Britain, they 3 (说)“How do you do?” and shake hands. Usually they do not shake hands 4 (在以 后)they havent met for a long time. Last ye
20、ar a group of German 5 (学,生)went to England for a holiday. Their teacher told 6 (他们)that the English people hardly shake hands. So when they met their English friends at the station, they kept their hands behind their 7 (背).The English stu- dents had learned that Germans shake hands as often as 8 (可
21、能的),so they put their hands in front and got 9 (准备)to shake hands with them. It made both of them 10 (笑). 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 1.help 2.meet 3.say 4.after 5.students 6.them 7.backs 8.possible 9.ready 10.laugh,.根据汉语意思和所给的提示词翻译句子 1.冲着别人大声叫是粗鲁的。(rude, shout)2.俄罗斯人以这种方式迎接来访者。(Russians, in)3
22、.我妈妈叫我不要走开。(asked, move)4.不要在大厅里吃东西。(hall)5.我不知道我们应该什么时候完成这项工作。(dont, should, work),答案 1.Its rude to shout at others. 2.Russians welcome visitors in this way. 3.My mother asked me not to move away. 4.Dont eat anything in the hall. 5.I dont know when we should finish the work.,.阅读理解 Everybody likes p
23、arties. Do you want to be popular at the party?Remember these tips. Bring a small present. When you go to a dinner party, its a good idea to bring a small present. Flowers are always nice and welcome. You can also bring a box of chocolate or a bottle of wine. You dont need to bring ex- pensive prese
24、nts. You should arrive on time. Dont be late for the party. If you cant catch the bus and you may be late for the party, remember to call the host or the hostess. Try to be relaxed at the dinner table. Dont be nervous. Try to be relaxed,and smile. If you dont know how to use the fork and knife, dont
25、 worry about it. You can watch other people and follow them. Dont forget to thank the host and the hostess. Before you leave the par- ty, say thanks to the host and the hostess. If you like the meals, speak out. The host and the hostess will be pleased to know that. 1.If you go to a dinner party, yo
26、u can bring some things EXCPET . A.flowers B.chocolate C.wine D.a watch 2.What can you do if you may be late for the party? A.You can forget the time. B.You can call the host or the hostess. C.You can send an email to the host. D.You can ask the host to pick you up.,3.If you dont know how to use the
27、 fork and knife, you can . A.ask others to teach you B.ask the host to teach you C.watch others and follow them D.use chopsticks instead of the fork and knife 4.The underlined word “pleased” probably means “ ”. A.happy B.sad C.relaxed D.angry 5.Whats the main idea of the passage? A.Its about differe
28、nt kinds of parties. B.Its about how to be popular at the party. C.Its about the best time to have a party. D.Its about the best present for the host and hostess.,答案 1.D 根据第二段中的描述可知,没有提到的礼物是“手表”,故答案为 D。 2.B 根据第三段中的“If you cant catch the bus and you may be late for the party, remember to call the hos
29、t or the hostess.”可知答案为B。 3.C 根据第四段的描述可知,如果你不知道如何使用刀叉,你可以观察 别人并跟着做,故答案为C。 4.A 结合上文的描述可知,如果你喜欢那些食物,就说出来,主人一定会 “高兴的”,故答案为A。 5.B 通读全文可知,本文介绍了如何在聚会上做个受欢迎的人,故答案 为B。,1.(2018山东临沂经济开发区期中,28, ) talk on the phone. You are driving. A.Not B.Dont C.Doesnt D.Cant 答案 B 句意:不要在电话上聊天了。你正在开车。否定的祈使句要 以 dont开头,故答案为B。 2.
30、(2018天津滨海新区期末, 28, ) Its for the students to lis- ten to the teacher carefully in class. A.funny B.strict C.polite D.bored 答案 C funny好玩的;strict严厉的;polite有礼貌的;bored无聊的。句 意:对学生来说,在课堂上认真听老师讲课是有礼貌的。故答案为C。,3.(2018湖北武汉江岸区期末, 40, )Can you tell me ? Sure, hes tall and thin, and he has curly blond hair. A.wh
31、at does Tom look like B.what your brother looks like C.whos your brother D.what Mr. Green likes 答案 B 宾语从句要用陈述句语序,先排除A和C;再结合答语中的外 貌描述可知答案为B。 4. (2017天津红桥区期末, 23, )When you talk to others, dont ask any questions like age and pay. A.personal B.important C.difficult D.strange 答案 A 根据本题语境可知,当你和别人交谈的时候,不要
32、问任何和年 龄及收入有关的“私人”问题,故所缺的词是personal。,1.(2018河南开封期末, 25, ) play computer games, Jill!Its too late. A.Dont B.Cant C.Doesnt D.Shouldnt 答案 A 题干中提到了“不要玩电脑游戏了”,否定的祈使句要以 dont开头,故答案为A。 2.(2018天津宁河区第一次联考,26, )She is going to do some sightseeing in China she likes Chinese culture. A.so B.because C.but D.or 答案
33、B 根据本题语境可知,她打算来中国观光,因为她喜欢中国文 化,故答案为B。,3. (2017广东汕头潮南区4月月考, 42, )The picture tells us “ ”. A.Be quiet B.No parking C.No photos D.No eating,答案 C 图示的含义是“No photos(禁止拍照)”,故答案为C。,1.(2018上海中考, 43, )Please the rubbish into different litter bins according to the signs. A.puts B.put C.putting D.to put 答案 B 句
34、意:请按照标牌把垃圾放进不同的垃圾箱。本题考查祈使 句。祈使句应该使用动词原形开头,故答案选B项。 2.(2018河南中考, 29, )Why dont you get yourself a job? Thats said than done. A.easy B.easier C.the easier D.the easiest 答案 B 本句话中有提示词than,由此可知应该使用比较级,比较级前 不用加the。,3.(2018北京中考, 4, )Many people like pandas they are cute. A.though B.if C.while D.because 答案
35、D 句意:许多人喜欢大熊猫,因为它们很可爱。此题考查连词的 用法。根据前后内容的意思判断空格前后是因果关系,所以选择D。 4.(2018海南中考, 40, )Your handbag looks nice. Could you please tell me ? In Taobao. A.where did you buy it B.where you bought it C.when you bought it 答案 B 本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,先排 除A;再结合答语“在淘宝上”可知,宾语从句的引导词是where,故答案 为B。,5. (2017江苏南京中考, 5, )
36、Excuse me, but can you tell me where the nearest bank is? Just going for two more blocks and youll see it. A.keep B.to keep C.keeping D.keeps 答案 A 本题考查祈使句的结构。根据“祈使句+and+简单句”的 结构可知,此处要用祈使句,祈使句要以动词原形开头。,1.(2018重庆中考A卷, 32, ) me a chance and Ill bring you a surprise. A.Give B.Giving C.Gives D.To give 答案
37、 A 句意:给我一个机会,我会给你一个惊喜。祈使句要用动词原 形开头,故答案为A。,2. (2017内蒙古呼和浩特中考, 12, )Could you tell me ? By searching the Internet. A.how did Carl get the newsB.why Carl got the news C.how Carl got the news D.why did Carl get the news 答案 C 根据宾语从句要用陈述句语序先排除A和D;再结合答语 “通过在互联网上搜索的方式”可推断,宾语从句的引导词是how。,3.(2016山西中考,19,)I am
38、really proud of my group were always discussing and sharing study secrets together. How important the group work is! A.because B.though C.unless 答案 A 本题考查连词的用法。根据设空处前后的因果关系可知, because“因为”符合题意。,.单项选择 1.Which sign has something to do with saving the energy?,答案 C 三个图标中,只有C“节约用水”和saving the energy有关,故 答
39、案为C。,2.Im too nervous to give a talk before so many people. , Maria. You can do it. A.Thats true B.With pleasure C.Come on 答案 C 本题考查交际用语。题干中提到了“我太紧张,没法在那么 多人面前演讲”,根据答语中的“你可以做到的”可推断,所缺的句子 是Come on,此时它的含义是“加油”。,3.Although Ms Zhou is an old lady, she is always in the pink. Yes. Because she exercises ev
40、ery day and eats a balanced diet. A.healthy B.lucky C.beautiful 答案 A 在答语中提到了“因为她每天锻炼身体,吃均衡的饮食”,由 此可推断,尽管Ms Zhou很老了,但仍然很“健康”,由此可推断画线的in the pink和healthy同义。,4.A polite tourist is part of the beautiful scenery.So when you travel around,you should pay attention to your behavior.As a popular visitor,you
41、should . throw paper or something else around keep quiet in public avoid writing or drawing anything on walls take photos as many as possible in a museum or a place like that wait in line A. B. C. 答案 C 本题考查常识。在所列的五种行为中,和是合适的行 为举止。,.把下面的英语句子翻译成汉语 1.They support each other in their work.2.Im not going
42、 home yet. I have to go somewhere else first.3.I learned how to shake hands, bow and hug.4.Its rude to point your fingers at others.5.She was seen walking arm in arm with her mother.,答案 1.他们在工作中互相支持。 2.我还不准备回家,我要先去别的地方。 3.我学会了如何与人握手、鞠躬和拥抱。 4.用手指指着别人是很失礼的。 5.有人看见她与她妈妈臂挽着臂同行。,.短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示写出所缺的单词
43、,使短文内容完整、连贯。 Table manners are important in our life. People who have good table man- ners are popular. Nobody likes people who have b 1 table manners. Different c 2 have different table manners. Lets learn about table manners in Japan and France.,Japan In Japan, it is okay to make noise when you ea
44、t noodles. Japanese also say that the noodles may t 3 better when they make noise while eating. H 4 , things are different in some countries. In those countries, its rude to,make noise while they are e 5 noodles. What else to watch:Dont forget to s 6 thanks before and after a meal. France In France,
45、 people enjoy the dinner party and make i 7 a special occa- sion (场合). You should n 8 discuss money or religion (宗教) over dinner. In France, people like to i 9 their friends to have dinner togeth- er. What else to watch:You need to finish e 10 on your plate. Its not po- lite to leave some food on yo
46、ur plate. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.,答案 1.bad 2.countries 3.taste 4.However 5.eating 6.say 7.it 8.never 9.invite 10.everything,.完形填空 In western countries, many people buy lots of presents just before Christ- mas. 1 some people think they shouldnt buy too many things. They have started a 2 day ca
47、lled Buy Nothing Day. They hope that nobody goes 3 on that day. Buy Nothing Day 4 on November 29. It is after Thanksgiving Day. Of- ten, in western countries, before Christmas, there are so many advertise- ments in the newspapers and 5 TV. The advertisements want to tell people to 6 something.Some p
48、eople who didnt enjoy shopping came up with an idea. The idea,for Buy Nothing Day first 7 in Canada. Now people all over the world celebrate Buy Nothing Day. In California, America, parents and children dont go shopping. They get together to 8 stories, sing songs and draw pictures. They have a lot of fun. But there are some children who want to know 9 they cant get many toys. Can you buy 10 just for one day? Have a try! 1. A.But B.And C.So D.Or 2. A.bad B.special C.cold D.boring 3.A.washing B.fishing C.shopping D.swimming 4. A.is B.was C.are D.were 5. A.at B.for C.on D.in,
