版选修2_2.doc

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11.4 导数在实际生活中的应用对 应 学 生 用 书 P22面积、体积最大问题例 1 用长为 18 cm 的钢条围成一个长方体形状的框架,要求长方体的长与宽之比为 21,问该长方体的长、宽、高各为多少时,其体积最大?最大体积是多少?思路点拨 不妨设长方体的宽为 x m,则长为 2x m,高为 h (4.53 x)m18 12x4.建立长方体的体积函数模型,再求最值(00;当 10;2033当 0,即 V(x)为增函数;当 100;当 1150)要将直径为 d 的圆木锯成强度最大的横梁,断面的宽 x 应为_解析:设断面高为 h,则 h2 d2 x2.设横梁的强度函数为 f(x),则 f(x) kxh2 kx(d2 x2),00, f(x)单调递增;33当 d0 得 1 xh(80)856当 x80 时函数取得最小值当汽车以 80 km/h 的速度匀速行驶时,从甲地到乙地耗油最少,最少为 11.25 L.10

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