1、12019高考英语一轮完形填空+语法填空优练题（2）李仕才高考英语完形填空+短文语法填空。Part A：完形填空A阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D项中，选出最佳选项。When I first entered university, my aunt, who is an English professor, gave me a new English dictionary. I was _1_to see that it was an English dictionary, also known as a monolingual dictionary._2_it w
2、as a dictionary intended for nonnative learners, none of my classmates had one _3_, to be honest, I found it extremely _4_ to use at first. I would look up words in the dictionary and _5_ not fully understand the meaning. I was used to the _6_ bilingual dictionaries, in which the words are _7_ both
3、in English and Chinese. I really wondered why my aunt _8_ to make things so difficult for me. Now, after studying English at university for three years, I _9_ that monolingual dictionaries are _10_ in learning a foreign language As I found out, there is _11 often no perfect equivalence(对应)between tw
4、o _12_ in two language. My aunt even goes so far as to 13_ that a Chinese “equivalent“ can never give you the _14_ meaning of a word in English! _15 , she insisted that I read the definition(定 义) of a world in a monolingual dictionary _16_ I wanted to get a better understanding of its meaning. _17_,
5、 I have come to see what she meant. Using a monolingual dictionary for learners has helped me in another important way. This dictionary uses a(n) _18_ number of words, around 2, 000, in its definitions. When I read these definitions, I am _19_ exposed to(接触)the basic words and learn how they are use
6、d to explain objects and ideas. 20 this, I can express myself more easily in English.( ) 1. A. worried B. sad C. surprised D. nervous( ) 2. A. Because B. Although C. Unless D. If( ) 3. A. but B. so C. or D. and( ) 4. A. difficult B. interesting C. ambiguous D. practical2( ) 5. A. thus B. even C. sti
7、ll D. again( ) 6. A. new B. familiar C. earlier D. ordinary( ) 7. A. explained B. expressed C. described D. created( ) 8. A. offered B. agreed C. decided D. happened( ) 9. A. imagine B. recommend C. predict D. understand( ) 10. A. natural B. better C. easier D. convenient( ) 11. A. at best B. in fac
8、t C. at times D. in case( ) 12. A. words B. names C. ideas D. characters( ) 13. A. hope B. declare C. doubt D. tell( ) 14. A. exact B. basic C. translated D. expected( ) 15. A. Rather B. However C. Therefore D. Instead( ) 16. A. when B. before C. until D. while( ) 17. A. Largely B. Generally C. Grad
9、ually D. Probably( ) 18. A. extra B. average C. total D. limited( ) 19. A. repeatedly B. nearly C. immediately D. anxiously( ) 20. A. According to B. In relation to C. In addition to D. Because of36.C . 通读全文可知,作者是一个中国大学生,中国人学英语,尤其是初学者习惯使用英 汉词典.当作者看到英英词典的时候,他感到“吃惊“.37.B.前后两句在意义上是让步关系,所以用 although 引导让
10、步状语从句.而 A 项 because 引导原因状语从句;Unless 和 if引导条件状语从句.38.A.此空格处是一个并列连词,连接前后两句.而前后两句之间存在的是转折关系,所以 用 but.39. A.最初用英英词典,不习惯,所以作者感觉用起来“很难 difficult“.interesting 是“有 趣味的意思“,根据下文 not fully understand the meaning 不可能是这个答案;ambiguous 是 “不明确的“;practical 是“实用的“,这两个词也不符合语境.40.C.句子中有否定词 not,有副词 fully,所以用 still,表示“仍然不
11、能够完全“的意思.41.B.be used to 表示“习惯,对作者来说习惯了双语词典,或者说是英汉词典.这里 指双语词典的使用对他来说是熟悉.42.A.此句是一个 in which 引导的定语从句,其中 words 是主语,根据常识在词典中单词的 3意思是被“解释出来“的,所以用 explained.43.C.我真想知道我姑妈为什么决定这么为难我.其他三个词虽然都跟动词不定式,但是在 这里意思都不恰当.44.D.过去不理解,经过一段时间后,“明白了 understand“;imagine 是“想象“的意思; recommend 是“推荐“的意思;predict 是“预测“的意思.45.B.此
12、句中 monolingual dictionaries 和 bilingual dictionaries 比较,A 和 D 项没用比较级, better 强调更好,更实用,而 easier 则不可能.46.B.常见的情况是实际上两种语言之间的两个词没有完全的对应.in fact 表示“实际上, 事实上“.at best 是“至多;充其量“;at times 是“有时“;in case 是“万一,以防“, 显然 A,C,D 项不合语境.47.A.词典上重点的内容应该是单词.48.B.我姑妈甚至还声称汉语意思决不能给出一个英语单词的确切意思.49.A.前面的 a Chinese equivalen
13、t 和 the meaning of a word in English 对应,所表明还是对应 不准确的问题,所以用 exact.50. C.此空后面的句子和前面表示的是一种“因果“关系,所以用 therefore.51. A.表示“当时候“,用 when 引导时间状语从句.而 before 通常指“在之前“; until 指“直到时候“;while 指“在的同时“.52. C.该句的谓语 have come to see 是表示“变化过程“,所以用 gradually 表示“渐渐地“.53. D.从后面的 around 2,000 可知词典中用于解释词义的词是限制在 2,000 左右.54.
14、 A.在有限的范围内,查阅阅读释义的话,就会反复接触基本词汇,学会这些词汇怎样 用来解释事物和观点,所以用 repeatedly 表示“反复地,经常地“55. D.后面主句部分 I can express myself more easily in English.表达的是结果,此处表达的 应该是原因,说明使用这种词典所带来的好处.B(2015甘肃第一次诊断)Challenges and tough experiences can help you find out who you really are.About 2 years ago, I was _1_ in one of my fir
15、st taekwondo(跆拳道) championships. I was very _2_ in myself. My opponent(对手) was skinny. The thoughts in my head were something like“Shes so _3_， of course youll win.”As the match started, my opponents true _4_ came out. She came straight at me and landed a head kick on me, _5_ three points in the fir
16、st five seconds. I was so shocked, _6_ and forgot everything my coach said. I was 4kicking _7_， in hopes of not losing. But _8_ hit me. I lost 215. I had never lost before. I was afraid of the girl，and to me, her name was _9_ with my defeat.The experience lasted with me.I worked and trained harder t
17、han before. I listened to my _10_ wholeheartedly and made sure I was not overconfident. The following year, I _11_ the same girl once again at the state championships. I was _12_ . But with encouragement from my coach, I _13_ some confidence. When the fight started, I did not panic like the previous
18、 match but listened to my coachs _14_.His voice _15_ me around the ring(竞技场), attacking at key moments. The main thought in my head was not about winning or losing, _16_ doing my best. Eventually, I won. My hard work, and listening to my coach all _17_. My opponent had the _18_ skinny figure, but di
19、d not frighten me anymore.From this experience, I learned not to let confidence overshadow reality. It is important to _19_ the fact that there are people better than you.With this idea in mind, you can work hard to become a person that is better. This experience also taught me not to judge others b
20、ased on their _20_.【解题导语】 作者在跆拳道锦标赛上遇到了一位身形极瘦的对手，作者的轻敌使自己遭受惨败。此后作者跟随教练努力训练。在比赛中与该对手再次相遇时，作者沉着应战，最终获胜。这次经历让作者明白不能轻敌也不能以貌取人。1A.struggling BcompetingCplaying Dquarrelling解析：选 B。根据下文中的“in one of my first taekwondo(跆拳道) championships”可知，作者是在参加一个跆拳道锦标赛。compete“参加比赛” 。2A.confident Bproud Ccontent Dashamed解
21、析：选 A。根据下文中的“My opponent(对手) was skinny”及“of course youll win”可知，作者看到对手极瘦时，对自己获胜充满了自信。confident“自信的” ；proud“骄傲的” ；content“满意的” ；ashamed“羞愧的” 。3A.young BstrongCtiny Dugly解析：选 C。根据前文中的“My opponent(对手) was skinny”可知，这个对手极瘦。tiny“极小的” ，符合语境。4A.expression Bpersonality5Csense Dfigure解析：选 B。比赛一开始对手真正的个性就展现出
22、来了。expression“表情，表达” ；personality“个性” ；sense“感觉，意识” ；figure“人物” 。5A.taking BscoringCreaching Dcatching解析：选 B。对手在前五秒就得了三分。score“得分” 。6A.surprised BexcitedCtired Dpanicked解析：选 D。作者对对手开场时的猛攻感到震惊，结合下文中的“and forgot everything my coach said”可知，作者感到恐慌，忘了教练说过的话。panicked“惊慌失措的，恐慌的” 。7A.blindly BbravelyCangri
23、ly Dcautiously解析：选 A。作者此时惊慌失措，所以盲目地踢，希望不会输掉比赛。blindly“盲目地”；bravely“勇敢地” ；angrily“生气地” ；cautiously“小心地，谨慎地” 。8A.imagination BintelligenceCreality Dmemory解析：选 C。根据下文中的“I lost 215”可知，作者还是输了，现实给了作者沉痛的一击。imagination“想象” ；intelligence“智力，才智” ；reality“现实” ；memory“记忆”。9A.associated BfilledCmixed Dcompared解析
24、：选 A。作者害怕这个女孩，并且对于她来说，这个女孩的名字与自己的失败相关。be associated with“与有关联” ；be filled with“充满” ；be mixed with“与混合” ；be compared with“与比较” 。10A.teammate BcoachCopponent Djudge解析：选 B。作者更刻苦地训练并全心全意地听教练(coach)的指导。11A.faced Brecognized Cadmired Dreminded解析：选 A。作者在锦标赛上又迎战那个女孩。face“与比赛，迎战” ；recognize“认出” ；admire“钦佩，仰慕
25、” ；remind“使想起，提醒” 。12A.courageous BafraidCdelighted Dalone6解析：选 B。由于上次比赛造成了阴影，作者感到害怕，但教练的鼓励让作者有了些信心。courageous“勇敢的，无畏的” ；afraid“害怕的” ；delighted“高兴的” ；alone“独自”。13A.lacked BborrowedCremembered Ddeveloped解析：选 D。作者在教练的鼓励下产生了一些自信。lack“缺乏” ；borrow“借” ；remember“记得” ；develop“产生” 。14.A.judgment BpraiseCadvi
26、ce Dcriticism解析：选 C。根据下文中的“His voice _ me around the ring(竞技场)，attacking at key moments”可知，教练在竞技场周围指导，作者没有像上次比赛那样恐慌而是听取教练的建议(advice)。15.A.directed BforcedCkept Dshowed解析：选 A。教练在竞技场周围指导作者。direct“指导” ；force“强迫” ；keep“保持”；show“展示，表明” 。16.A.and BorCso Dbut解析：选 D。作者头脑里想的不是输赢，而是尽全力打好比赛。not.but.“不是而是” 。17.
27、A.paid back Bpaid offCcalled back Dcalled off解析：选 B。根据前文中的“Eventually, I won.”可知，作者的努力最终得到了回报。pay back“偿还” ；pay off“取得成功，奏效” ；call back“回电话” ；call off“取消” 。18.A.different BcommonCrare Dsame解析：选 D。作者的对手有同样的(same)极瘦体形，但不会让作者感到害怕了。 19.A.accept BignoreCreceive Doppose解析：选 A。接受人外有人这个事实很重要。accept“接受” ；ign
28、ore“忽视” ；receive“收到” ；oppose“阻挠” 。20.A.behavior BdescriptionCwords Dappearances解析：选 D。这次经历也让作者懂得了不要以貌取人。behavior“行为” ；7description“描写” ； word“说的话” ；appearance“外貌，外表” 。Part B：短文语法填空“He is a fool who cannot be angry，but he is really a wise man _1_ wont.”The habit of keeping pleasant is indeed better _
29、2_ an income of a million dollars a year. The life without _3_(cheerful) is like the severe winter without the sun.We all love cheerful company，but we tend to forget that cheerfulness is a habit which can be developed by all.We find _4_ very difficult to be happy when we are in sorrow. It requires g
30、reat courage. We should never forget that _5_(be) cheerful when it is not easy to be cheerful shows greatness. Thorny(荆棘)may be _6_(we) way，but how happy is the conquerors song!The perfection of cheerfulness _7_(consist)in the happy frame of mind. It is displayed in good temper and kind behavior. It
31、 arises partly from personal goodness and _8_(part) from belief in the goodness of others. It can make people see the glory in the grass and the sunshine on the flower. It encourages happy thoughts，and lives in an atmosphere of peace. It costs nothing，and yet it is _9_(value). It blesses its possess
32、or and affords a large measure of enjoyment to others.To light up others heart，ones own heart must _10_(light) first.【语篇导读】 本文介绍了积极乐观的重要性。1who 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可以得出“_ wont”是一个定语从句，先行词“a wise man”在从句中作主语，再结合前一句可知，此处填 who。2than 考查比较级。根据句意及“better”可知，此处填“better” 。3cheerfulness 考查名词。without 是介词，介词后只能跟名词或是动名
33、词，所以此处填“cheerful”的名词形式“cheerfulness” 。4it 考查代词。分析句子结构可以得出“_”在这里只是“find”的形式宾语，真正的宾语是“to be happy” ，所以此处填 “it” 。5to be 考查不定式。分析句子结构， “_ cheerful when it is not easy to be 8cheerful shows greatness.”是“that” 引导的宾语从句，而 “_ cheerful”是从句中的主语，再根据句意分析，句子具有一定的将来意义，所以用“to be” 。6our 考查形容词性物主代词。根据句意，此处填“我们的” ，所以用
34、“our” 。7consists 考查动词。这一句的主语“the perfection of cheerfulness”是单数形式，再结合全文来看，全文中以一般现在时来写，所以此处也应用第三人称单数形式。故填 “consists”8parts 考查动词。根据句子结构及句意，此处的动作和前面的“arises”是并列关系，所以 part用第三人称单数形式。9valuable 考查形容词。根据句意， “它虽然不花钱，但它确实是无价的。 ”所以此处应用“value”的形容词形式“valuable” 。10be lighted 考查动词语态。根据句意， “要想点亮他人的心，必须先点亮自己的心” 。但后面半句的主语是“heart” ，所以要用被动语态，故填 “be lighted” 。
