七年级生物下册4.4.3《输送血液的泵——心脏》第一课时导学案(无答案)(新版)新人教版.doc

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1、1第三节 输送血液的泵心脏第一课时学习目标:1.说出心脏的位置和形态。2.描述心脏的结构和功能。学习重点和难点:描述心脏的结构和功能。学习过程:【前置学习】1、下图是心脏结构示意图,识图回答:(1)填写各部分名称(2)完成下表位置:胸腔中略偏左。特点:主要由_构成、左心室壁_,与功能相适应。左心房:连通 。 心房与心室之间有 ,只能朝向 开,心室与动脉之间有 ,只能朝向 开。左心室:连通 。右心室:连通 。【展示交流】分小组交流以上内容【合作探究】心脏壁主要由什么组织构成的?由此可以推断它具有什么功能?(1)从心脏壁的厚薄来看,心房与心室有什么不同?左心室与右心室有什么不同?试着解心房心室心脏

2、 右心房:连通结构2释为什么会有这些不同?(2) 心脏四个腔之间的关系是怎样的?(3)心房与心室之间、心室与动脉之间有什么特殊的结构?这些结构有什么作用?【达标拓展】1.用手捏心脏各腔,感觉哪一个部位心壁最厚?( )A.左心房 B.左心室 C.右心房 D.右心室2.在人体的血液循环途径中,不存在瓣膜结构的是( )A.心室和心房之间 B.心室和动脉之间 C.动脉内 D.静脉内3.左心室的壁最厚,其正确解释是( )A.左心室接受全身的血液,承受的压力最大 B.左心室接受全肺的血液,承受的压力最大C.左心室收缩时要将血液送到肺部,收缩力最强 D.左心室收缩时要将血液送到全身,收缩力最强4.心脏内以及

3、心脏和动脉之间的瓣膜使血液的流动只能是( )A.右心房右心室肺动脉 B. 左心室左心房主动脉C.肺动脉右心房右心室D. 主动脉左心房左心室5. 与左心室相连的血管是( )A.肺静脉 B.肺动脉 C.主动脉 D.下腔静脉6.将心脏的 4 个腔与相连的血管用线连起来。a 左心房 主动脉3b 左心室 脉动脉c 右心房 上下腔静脉d 右心室 肺静脉7.右图为心脏结构图,据图回答:(1)心脏主要由构成,分为四个腔,其中心肌最发达的是。(2)在图中流动脉血的心腔有,流静脉血的血管有。(3)图中属于静脉血管有。(4)血液在心脏与血管里只能按一定方向流动,是因为图中 f 只能向开;e 只能向开,使血液不能倒流。 (5)肺循环开始于图中,终止于图 中。(6)用字母和箭头表示出 a,A,B,c 这四部分结构中血液流动的方向:。

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