1、1Unit 7 Sports and Good Health词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. truthtruth 作名词，意为“事实；真相” 。例如：In truth, we were both unhappy. 事实上，我们俩都不高兴。Im going to find out the truth. 我要找出真相。I must tell you the truth about this. 我必须告诉你这件事的真相。tell the truth 是一个固定词组，意为“说实话；讲真话” ；tell sb. the truth. 意为“和某人说实话” 。to tell you the truth 口语中常
2、用，意为“说实话” 。类似的口语有：to be honest 意为“老实说” 。【拓展】true 为 truth 的形容词形式，意为“真实的；真的” 。例如：This is a true story. 这是一个真实的故事。True gold fears no fire. 真金不怕火炼。2. decidedecide 作动词，意为“决定，选定” 。名词为 decision；make a decision 是固定词组，意为“做决定” 。decide 的用法：（1）decide sth.意为“决定某事” 。例如：I cant decide anything at the moment. 现在我不能做
3、出任何决定。（2）decide to do sth.意为“决定去做某事” 。例如：We decided to go to Paris next month. 我们决定下个月去巴黎。（3）decide on意为“由决定；决定于” 。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如：I decided on going to Beijing at last. 最后我决定去北京了。My mother decided on the red dress. 我妈妈决定买下那件红色的裙子。3. change（1）用作名词，意为“变化；零钱” 。例如：The change of the weather influence
4、d our plan. 天气的变化影响了我们的计划。 This is a great change in the history of China. 这是中国历史上一个巨大的变化。 The little boy reached in his pocket and pulled out some change. 小男孩把手伸进口袋，掏出了一些零钱。 Can you give me some change, please? 请问你可以给我一些零钱吗？（2）用作动词，意为“改变” 。例如：Please call me if you change the day of our meeting. 如果你
5、改变我们见面的日期，请给我打个电话。 She had to change her way of life after her baby was born. 她的孩子出世之后，她不得不改变生活方式。4. remember2remember 作动词，意为“记得” 。常用于以下结构：remember to do sth.表示“记住要去做某事” （事情还没有做） 。remember doing sth. 表示“记住做过某事” （事情已经做了） 。例如：We must remember to turn off the TV. 我们一定要记得去关电视。I remembered sending you so
6、me stamps. 我记得给你寄邮票了。【拓展】类似结构还有：forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事” （事情还没有做）forget doing sth.“忘记做过某事” （事情已经做了）例如：Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时别忘记关灯。He forgot going to Shanghai with his parents when he was five years old. 他忘记五岁时曾经和父母去过上海。5. information 与 messageinformation 与 message 都有“
7、信息”的含义，区别如下：（1）information 是不可数名词，指通过学习、观察、阅读、调查等方式得到的消息。例如：We can get more information from the Internet. 我们能够从因特网上得到更多的消息。（2）message 是可数名词，多用于口头，书面或无线电、网络手机等各种渠道日常传递的消息或信息。例如：I sent a message to him with my mobile phone yesterday. 昨天我用手机给他发了一条短信。6. keepkeep 作动词，意为“保持” ，后常接形容词、副词、名词、动名词作宾语补足语，意为“使某
8、物保持某种状态”的意思。 例如：You have kept me waiting for half an hour. 你让我等了半个小时。Keep the door open. 让门一直开着。【拓展】keep 的后面还可以直接用 doing 表示“一直做某事” 。例如：The cat keeps running after the rat, trying to catch it. 那只猫一直在追赶老鼠，想要抓住它。7. successsuccess 表示抽象意义的“成功” ，是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”, 则是可数名词。例如：Failure is the mother of s
9、uccess. 失败是成功之母。His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。【拓展】（1）successful 作形容词，意为“成功的” 。例如：The performance was successful. 演出很成功。It was a successful experiment. 那是一次成功的试验。（2）succeed 表示“成功” ，是不及物动词；表示做某事做成功了，succeed 后通常接in doing sth.。例如：His plan succeeded. 他的计划成功了。At last he succeeded in solv
10、ing the problem. 他终于把那个问题解决了。8. spend+时间/金钱+on（in ）doing3spend 可指花费时间和金钱，其主语为人，常用句型为： 主语+spend +“时间或金钱”+on sth.主语+spend +“时间或金钱”+(in) doing sth.例如：I spend five minutes on breakfast every day. 我每天花五分钟的时间吃早餐。He spent an hour writing the letter. 他写这封信花了一个小时。【拓展】表示“花费”的 spend、take、cost 和 pay 的辨析：词语 主语 结
11、构spend 人(sb.) sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.take it 作形式主语 It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)pay 人(sb.) sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.cost sth.(物) sth. costs sb. + 金钱例如：I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉
12、花了我四个小时。I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。9. toothtooth 作可数名词，意为“牙齿” 。其复数形式为 teeth。例如：The little boy cried when the tooth was pulled out. 牙被拔掉时，那个小男孩哭了。We should brush our teeth at least twice a day. 我们每天应该至少刷两次牙。另外，tooth 也有“嗜好”的意思，口语中常用。例如：Mikes
13、wife has a big sweet tooth. 迈克的妻子非常喜欢吃甜食。【拓展】其他一些特殊变化的名词复数形式。例如：man/womanmen/women 男人/女人； childchildren 孩子；footfeet 脚；goosegeese 鹅；mousemice 老鼠10.developdevelop 作动词，既可作及物动词也可以作不及物动词，意为“发展，使生长，培育，开发，冲洗（胶卷） ”。例如：Modern music was first developed in Italy. 现代音乐最初是在意大利发展起来的。Rain and sunshine develop the
14、grain. 雨水和阳光促使谷物生长。Plants develop from seeds. 植物由种子发育而成。 They plan to develop the land near the subway station.他们计划开发地铁站附近的土地。This made agriculture and industry develop very quickly.这使得工农业飞速发展。A child develops rapidly between the ages of 13 and 16.4孩子在 13 到 16 岁之间发育得很快。We can develop your film in an
15、 hour.我们可以在一小时后把你的胶卷冲洗出来。 【拓展】development 是 develop 的名词形式。developed countries 意为“发达国家” ；developing countries 意为“发展中国家” 。词汇精练I. 根据汉语或首字母提示补全句子。1The _（真相）is found out by the clever boy2The _（消息）in the newspaper is useful for the college students3Dont _（扔）stones at the animals4Linda always _ _（起床）early
16、 in the morning5Please _ _ _（铺床）by yourself6The w_ of the competition can get one thousand yuan7The children often spend two hours p_ football8Eating more vegetables can make you stay h_.9I want to _（改变）my eating habits.10She makes a _（决定）to practice singing.II. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1How many _（tooth）do y
17、ou have?2The kind girl keeps _（help）the old woman3The twins usually _（spend）two hours doing their homework4I am not an _（organize）girl5Linda _（brush）her shoes when she goes out every day6China is a _（develop）country7Li Jiacheng is a _（success）businessman.8I remember _（tell）you the matter.III. 词形变化。1
18、. health（形容词）_ 2. wash（第三人称单数）_ 3. easy（副词）_ 4. one（副词）_5. many（比较级） _ 6. brush（第三人称单数）_7. month（复数）_ 8. he（形容词性物主代词）_9. take（过去式）_ 10. drive（名词）_【参考答案】I. 根据汉语或首字母提示完成下列句子。1truth 2news 3throw 4gets up 5make your bed6winner 7playing 8healthy 9change 10decisionII. 用括号中所给单词适当形式填空。1teeth 2helping 3spend
19、 4organized 5brushes 6developing7successful 8tellingIII. 词形变化。1. healthy 2. washes 3. easily 4. once 5. more 6. brushes 7. months 8. his 9. took 10. driver句式精讲51. There is/areThere be .句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物” 。（1）肯定句结构There be+名词+地点状语。There be 句型谓语动词的数依据“就近原则” ，即如果有两个以上的名词作主语，be 动词由离它最近的那个名词来决定。例如：The
20、re are fifty-two students in our class.我们班有三十二个学生。There is a pencil and two pens in my pencil-case. 我的笔袋里有一只铅笔和两只钢笔。（2）否定句There be句型否定句式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上“not” 。也可用“no”来表示。即：no + n.（名词）= not aanany + n.（名词） 。例如：There isnt an orange in her bag. =There is no orange in her bag. 她的包里没有橘子。【注意】There
21、 arent any books in her bag.=There are no books in her bag. 她的包里没有一些书。（3）一般疑问句There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。例如：Is there any money in her handbag? 她的手提袋里有钱吗？ 2. Running helps us remember information. 本句中 running 作主语。动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。例如：Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康有益。【拓展】
22、动名词和不定式都可以作主语，但在用法上有区别：（1）不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作，而动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经常性和不具体的泛指动作。例如：Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old. 步行对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种好的锻炼形式。To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy. 对这个男孩来说，搬这个箱子是不容易的。（2）动名词作主语和不定式作主语有时可以互换。例如：Playing with fire is dangerous. =
23、To play with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危险的。3. What about?What about？=How about ？，是一个用来提建议或者征求别人意见的句式，有时也可以用来询问某人的身体状况或者近况。其中的 about 是介词，因此面要跟名词，代词或者动名词来做宾语。例如：What (How) about the fruit? 那水果呢？What (How) about going swimming? 去游泳怎么样？What (How) about your holiday? 你的假期怎么样？What (How) about your mother? 你妈妈
24、怎么样？4. used to do sth.used to do sth 是一个固定结构，意思是“过去经常做某事 ”，后面用动词原形，表示6过去的某种经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在。（1）肯定句I used to play with my friends after school. 过去放学后我常常和朋友们一起玩。（2）否定句You didnt use to like pop songs.=You usednt to like pop songs.你过去不喜欢流行歌曲。（3）一般疑问句Did your sister use to be quiet? = Used
25、your sister to be quiet?你的妹妹过去常常是很安静吗？（4）there be 句式There used to be a lot of fishes in this river. 过去这条小河有许多鱼。【拓展】（1）be used to do sth.意思是“被用来做某事” ，是动词短语 use to do 的被动语态结构。例如：Knives are used to cut things.小刀是用来切东西的。（2）be used to doing sth.意思是“习惯于做某事” ，to 后接动词-ing 形式。例如：My father is used to living i
26、n the village. 我爸爸习惯于住在小山村。5. notany morenotany more 意为“不再” ，not 与句中的主要动词构成否定句， any more 常放在句末。例如：We wont go there any more. 我们不再去那里了。【拓展】notany more 与 no more 的区别notany more 和 no more 意思相同，经常可以互换；它们都侧重于和瞬间动词连用，两者都表示“过去曾现在不再” ，表示做某事的次数不再增多。但 no more 常用于正式文体，notany more 常用于口语中。例如：Her letter doesnt co
27、me any more. 她不再来信了。I can no more drink. 我不能再喝了。句式精练I. 连词成句。1down，your，a，of，write，list，habits _.2brush，I，three，my，day，times，teeth，a_.3too，spend，watching，I，many，TV，hours_.4Lisa，her，room，keeps，clean，organized，always，and_.5any，are，bad，there，habits_?6used，be，they，to，active，very，together_.7any，Tim，not，mo
28、re，is，active_.7II. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1Were people healthy at that time?（作肯定回答）_2I did housework yesterday afternoon （改为否定句）_3The book has some interesting stories inside （转换成 there be 句型）_4They went to the park after supper （就划线部分提问）_ did they _ after supper?5spent，lot，time，they，a，of，outdoors（ ） （连词成句）
29、_III. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。1拿出一张纸来，并写下你的名字。_ out a piece of paper and _ _ your name2莉莉周末通常起床很晚。Lily usually _ _ late on weekends3我每天花费两个小时做作业。I _ two hours _ my homework every day4我每天去上学要花费 30 分钟。It _ me thirty minutes _ _ to school every day5请你自己把床铺好。Please _ _ _ by yourself6. 我过去常常 7 点 10 分起床。I _ _ _ _ at
30、7:10.IV用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. There _ (be) some desks and chairs in the classroom.2. There _ (be) two kites and a bird in the tree.3. There _ (be) a bird and two kites in the tree.4. There _ (be not) any people at home.5. _ (be) there any milk in the bottle?6. Look! There _ (be) two footballs on the pla
31、yground.V. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。Mary: Can I speak to Jane，please?Jane: 1 Mary: Jane，I am going to play volleyball this weekend 2 Jane: Yes，I do 3 Mary: What about Jack?AYou should tell him not to be a couch potato and watch TV all day!BI like getting out and have fun!CYes，this is Jane speakingDbut now he
32、 is not active any moreEDo you want to go with me?8Jane: He wontHe used to play volleyball a lot， 4 And he is putting on weightMary: What does he usually do in his free time?Jane: He usually watches TVMary: Oh，it is not good for his health 5 Jane: Yes，I should tell him【参考答案】I. 连词成句。1Write down a lis
33、t of your habits2I brush my teeth three times a day3I spend too many hours watching TV4Lisa always keeps her room clean and organized5Are there any bad habits6They used to be very active together7Tim is not active any moreII. 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。1Yes，they were 2I didnt do housework yesterday afternoon3Th
34、ere are some interesting stories inside the book4What；do 5They spent a lot of time outdoorsIII. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。1 Take；write down 2gets up 3spend；doing 4takes；to go 5make your bed6used to get upIV用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1. are 2. are 3. is 4. are not/arent 5. Is 6. areV. 从方框中选择适当的句子完成对话。1. C 2. E 3. B 4. D 5. A
