2018年秋八年级物理上册第五章第1节透镜课件(新版)新人教版.ppt

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第五章 透镜及其应用,第1节 透镜,一、新课引入,这些都应用到透镜,你能发现透镜和凸镜、凹镜有什么相同之处吗?,二、新课讲解,中间厚边缘薄的透镜,中间薄边缘厚的透镜,凸透镜,凹透镜,外形特征:,外形特征:,(一)凸透镜和凹透镜,透镜的几个名词,探究实验: (1)探究通过凸透镜光心的光线。(2)探究通过凹透镜光心的光线。,结论:通过光心的光线传播方向不改变。,凸透镜对光线的作用,凸透镜对光线起会聚作用,故凸透镜也叫会聚透镜。,主光轴,观察实验现象,小结:凸透镜对所有光线都起会聚作用。,观察实验现象,光经过凹透镜后的发散是不是也有规律可循?,凹透镜:,对光线有发散作用,小结:凹透镜对所有光线都起发散作用。,O,F,凸透镜的焦点和焦距,焦点:平行于主轴的平行光通过凸透镜后会聚于一点。 焦距:焦点到光心的距离。,焦距,主轴,焦点,(二)透镜的焦点和焦距,F,主轴,凸透镜有两个实焦点。,焦点,光路可逆,三、归纳小结,1两种透镜:凸透镜和凹透镜; 2几个基本概念: 光心、主光轴、焦点、焦距; 3透镜对光线的作用: 凸透镜对光线有会聚作用, 又叫会聚透镜。凹透镜对光线有发散作用, 又叫发散透镜。,四、强化训练,根据图中光通过透镜前后的方向,在图中填上适当类型的透镜,

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