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1、1第二课时 含逻辑联结词的命题的真假判断对 应 学 生 用 书 P10含逻辑联结词的命题的真假判断例 1 分别指出下列各组命题构成的“ p q”“p q”“綈 p”形式的命题的真假:(1)p:60 对一切 xR 恒成立;命题 q:函数 f(x)(52 a)x是减函数,若 p 或 q 为真, p 且 q 为假,求实数 a 的取值范围解:由 4 a2161,得 a1,则 axlogax 恒成立;命题 q:在等差数列 an中,m n p q 是 am an ap aq成立的充分不必要条件( m, n, p, qN *),则下面为真命题的是_(綈 p)(綈 q);(綈 p)(綈 q); p(綈 q);

2、 p q.解析:当 a1.1, x2 时,ax1.1 21.21,log axlog 1.12log1.11.212,此时, ax0 的解集为Error!,命题 q:关于 x 的不等式( x a)(x b)0),命题 q:实数 x 满足Error!(1)若 a1,且 p q 为真,求实数 x 的取值范围;(2)若 q綈 p,求实数 a 的取值范围解:(1)由于 a1,则 x24 ax3 a20,x24 ax3 a20( x a)(x3 a)0x a 或 x3 a,所以綈 p: x a 或 x3 a,设 A x|x a 或 x3 a,由(1)知 q:2 x3,设 B x|2x3由于 q綈 p,所

3、以 B A,所以 3 a 或 3a2,即 0a 或 a3,23所以实数 a 的取值范围是 3,)(0,238命题 p:关于 x 的不等式 x2( a1) x a20 的解集为,命题 q:函数y(2 a2 a)x为增函数,分别求出符合下列条件的实数 a 的取值范围(1)p q 为真命题;(2)“p q”为真, “p q”为假解:命题 p 为真时, ( a1) 24 a20,即 a 或 a1.13命题 q 为真时,2 a2 a1,即 a1 或 a .12(1)当 p q 为真时,即 p、 q 至少有一个是真命题,即上面两个范围的并集为Error!;“ p q”为真时, a 的取值范围是Error!.(2)当“ p q”为真, “p q”为假,即 p, q 有且只有一个是真命题时,有两种情况:当 p 真 q 假时, a1;当 p 假 q 真时,1 a .13 12“ p q”为真, “p q”为假时, a 的取值范围是Error!.7

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