1、Module 1 Unit 2 Growing pains,重点单词,1.defend vt.辩解,辩白;防御,保护 教材原句 They never even gave me a chance to defend (defend) myself.,单项填空 At the conference, political leaders from many countries promised to work together to defend the world C terrorism and other threats. A.for B.without C.against D.beyond 答案
2、 C 句意:在会议上,来自许多国家的政治领导许诺携手保护这个世界免受恐怖主义和其他威胁的伤害。defend.against.意为“保卫免受的伤害”。所以选C。,一句多译 有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。 Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves against/ from some attacks. Some think that students should be trained in defence of some attacks.,点拨 (1)defend oneself 自卫,为自己辩护
3、defend.from/against.保护免受 的伤害 (2)defence n.防御;防护;保卫 in defence of 为了保护,点津 与defend.from.类似的短语还有: keep/prevent/stop.from.阻止做 protect.from.保护免受的伤害,2.deserve vt.值得;应得;应受 教材原句 They dont deserve (应得) an explanation.,单项填空 I have devoted four weekends to writing this article and now I feel I A a rest. A.dese
4、rve B.preserve C.confirm D.receive 答案 A 句意:我花了四个周末的时间写这篇文章,现在我觉得我该休息一下了。deserve值得,应得,符合语境。preserve保护,保存; confirm证实,证明; receive接受。,一句多译 这些建议值得考虑。 These suggestions deserve considering . These suggestions deserve consideration . These suggestions deserve to be considered .,点拨 deserve to do sth.值得做某事 s
5、th. deserves doing 某物值得被(主动表被动) get what one deserves 罪有应得 deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意 点津 deserve doing以主动形式表示被动含义,相当于deserve to be done值得被 做。有类似用法的词还有:need,want,require等。,3.insist v.坚持;坚持认为;坚决要求 教材原句 Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework, and instead insists on (坚持) wasting h
6、is time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music.,单项填空 He insisted that he B the best student in his class and that he the monitor. A.be;be B.was;be C.was;was D.be;was 答案 B 句意:他坚持说他是班里最好的学生,并坚持要求当班长。 insist作“坚持说”讲时,其后的宾语从句用陈述语气,作“坚决要求” 讲时,其后所跟的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”, 故本题选B项。,单句填空 My family
7、insisted that I should not give in (not give in), but stay and fight. Mike insisted that he was (be) right. She insisted on/upon being present at all the interviews.,点拨 insist on (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事 insist that. 坚持认为,坚决要求 点津 insist that:表示“坚持认为”时,从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求”时, 从句用虚拟语气,谓语部分用“(should+)动词原形”。后接宾语从
8、句 时,从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有:一坚持(insist),二命令(order, com- mand),三建议(advise,suggest,recommend),四要求(demand,require,re- quest,ask)等。,4.harm vt. & n.伤害 教材原句 How can I help my son without harming (harm) our relationship?,单项填空 He may not be able to help but theres no B In asking him. A.hurt B.harm C.injury D.damage 答
9、案 B 句意:他可能帮不了忙, 但是问他一下也没有什么坏处。此处考查结构Theres no harm in doing sth.做某事没有什么坏处。,用harm,injure,damage和destroy的适当形式完成句子 If I had been younger or more naive, the criticism would have destroyed me. The accident caused some damage to my car, but its nothing serious. It is generally accepted that smoking is har
10、mful to health. = It is generally accepted that smoking does harm to health. A number of bombs have exploded, seriously injuring at least five people.,点拨对某人有害There is no harm in doing sth.做某事没有什么坏处 harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的,辨析 damage, destroy, injure, harm和hurt (1)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏,通常指使价值、有用
11、性或有效 性减少的损害; (2)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏; (3)injure指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。 (4)harm和hurt指对肉体或精神的伤害,harm还可指带来损害或危害。,5.forbid vt.禁止 教材原句 He even forbids me from (禁止我) chatting with my friends in the Internet cafe!,单项填空 We allow D in the woods but anyone is forbidden here. A.to camp;to smoke B.camping;to smoking C
12、.to camp;to smoking D.camping;to smoke 答案 D 句意:我们允许在树林里露营,但是禁止任何人在这里吸烟。allow doing sth.允许做某事;forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事,由此判断D项正确。,单句填空 I strongly agree that cheating at school should be completely forbidden (forbid). He forbids them to mention (mention) the matter again.,点拨 (1)forbid doing sth. 禁止
13、做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 (2)forbidden adj.被禁止的;禁用的 Its forbidden to do sth. 做某事是禁止的,重点短语,be supposed to 应该,应当 教材原句 But, but.you werent supposed (suppose) to come home until tomorrow!,单项填空 Why are you here? You are supposed B the experiment in the lab. A.to
14、 perform B.to be performing C.to have performed D.to be performed 答案 B 句意:你为什么在这儿?你应该在实验室做实验。be supposed to do sth.应该做某事。再根据句意可知此时应该正在实验室做实验,故用不定式的进行式。,完成句子 Dirty Harry is supposed to be (被认为是)one of Eastwoods best films. Suppose (假设)someone gave you an egg and asked you to describe exactly what was
15、 inside. Is that the right way up? Yeah. I suppose so (我想是).,点拨 (1)be supposed to do sth.应该做某事 be supposed to have done sth.本应该做某事(实际未做) be supposed to be.被认为是 (2)I suppose so. 我认为是这样。 I suppose not. (= I dont suppose so.)我认为不是这样。 (3)suppose/supposing(that).假设/假定,重点句型,1. 过去分词作状语 教材原句 Eric runs in af
16、ter it, followed (follow) by a big dog, walking very slowly.,单项填空 (2018通泰扬徐宿淮连七市三模) C to pension and free medical care, senior citizens in our village are properly looked after and live happy lives. A.Entitling B.Being entitled C.Entitled D.Having entitled 答案 C 考查非谓语。句意:因为享有退休金和免费的医疗服务,我们村里的老年人被照顾得很
17、好,过着幸福的生活。be entitled to享有的权利,在这里过去分词作状语表示被动。,点拨 followed by a big dog为过去分词短语作伴随状语。过去分词除了作伴 随状语外,还可以作方式、条件、时间和原因状语等。,2.with的复合结构 教材原句 The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.,单项填空 Japan is facing an ageing population, with the population B from the current 1
18、27 million to 90 million.A.expecting to shrink B.expected to shrinkC.expecting to have shrunk D.expected to have shrunk 答案 B 句意:日本正在面临老年化问题,人口预计从目前的1.27亿缩减到9000万。动词expect与宾语the population之间构成被动关系,所以用过去分词构成with的复合结构;人口缩减是将来的事,故expect后接动词不定式的一般式。故答案选B。,单句填空 The old couple often take a walk after suppe
19、r in the park with their pet dog following (follow) them. With more and more forests (being) cut (cut), some animals are facing the danger of dying out. With so much work to do (do), we will have to stay up.,点拨 with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink是with的复合结 构。其中两个介词短语on the floo
20、r和in the sink充当宾语补足语。 “with+宾语+宾语补足语”有六种情况:,点津 在“with复合结构”中, 要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关 系, 根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等来选择正确的宾语补足语形式。,3.have sth. done使被 教材原句 Daniel has his arms crossed (cross) and looks upset.,单项填空 Is this TV set A you wish to have ? A.the one;repaired B.which;it repaired C.the one;it r
21、epaired D.which;repaired 答案 A 考查定语从句和have sth. done结构。句意:这是你希望修理的那台电视机吗?分析句子可知,第一空考查定语从句,缺少先行词,同时先行词特指这台电视机,关系词在从句中作宾语,可省略,所以用 the one;第二空考查“have sth. done”结构,故选A项。,单句填空 Ill have Hudson show (show)you your room. Within minutes he had the whole audience laughing (laugh) and clapping (clap). I cant st
22、and here talkingI have work to do (do).,点拨 “have sth. done”表示“使被”,这个结构也可以表示个人遭遇(通常为不好或不幸的遭遇)。 联想,4.every time引导时间状语从句 教材原句 Also, every time (每次) I watch a DVD he sends me to bed or tells me to spend more time studying.,单项填空 (2018泰州中学二模)That was not the first time he B us. I think Its high time we st
23、rong action against him. A.betrayed;take B.had betrayed;took C.has betrayed;took D.has betrayed;take 答案 B 考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:那不是他第一次背叛我们。我认为我们早该对他采取强硬措施了。根据“That/This was the+序数词+time+从句(谓语动词用过去完成时)”句式,可知第一空为had betrayed;在固定搭配Its (high/about) time.中,从句谓语动词应使用一般过去时表示虚拟语气。,根据汉语意思完成句子 How should you behave w
24、hen you meet someone for the first time ? 你第一次见到某个人的时候应该如何表现? Every time they went dancing, they ended up in a bad mood. 每次他 们去跳舞, 都会不欢而散。,点拨 every time为名词短语,在此处用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意思是“每 当”。 联想 可以引导时间状语从句的短语还有:each time/the first time/next time/the last time。 点津 the first time 表示“第一次”,在句中可作宾语、表语,还可以用作连词, 引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”,独立作状语,不能 引导从句。,
