1、 IEC 60695-7-3 Edition 1.0 2011-08 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Fire hazard testing Part 7-3: Toxicity of fire effluent Use and interpretation of test results Essais relatifs aux risques du feu Partie 7-3: Toxicit des effluents du feu Utilisation et interprtation des rsultats dessai I
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16、ette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du Service clients ou contactez-nous: Email: csciec.ch Tl.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 60695-7-3 Edition 1.0 2011-08 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Fire hazard testing Part 7-3: Toxicity of fire effluent Use
17、and interpretation of test results Essais relatifs aux risques du feu Partie 7-3: Toxicit des effluents du feu Utilisation et interprtation des rsultats dessai INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE V ICS 13.220.40; 29.020 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2
18、-88912-629-3 BASIC SAFETY PUBLICATION PUBLICATION FONDAMENTALE DE SCURIT Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 2 60695-7-3 IEC:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 INTRODUCTION . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references
19、7 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 Principles of toxic hazard assessment . 14 4.1 General . 14 4.2 Exposure dose. 15 4.3 Determination of concentration-time data . 16 4.4 Asphyxiants and the fractional effective dose, FED 17 4.4.1 General . 17 4.4.2 Properties of the FED . 17 4.4.3 Uses of the FED 18 4
20、.5 Irritants and the fractional effective concentration, FEC 18 4.6 Carbon dioxide 19 4.7 Oxygen vitiation . 19 4.8 Heat stress 19 4.9 Effects of stratification and transport of fire atmospheres . 19 5 Methods of toxic hazard assessment . 19 5.1 General approach 19 5.2 Equations used to predict deat
21、h . 19 5.2.1 Simple toxic gas model 19 5.2.2 The N-gas model . 20 5.2.3 Hyperventilatory effect of carbon dioxide 20 5.2.4 Lethal toxic potency values 20 5.2.5 Mass loss model 21 5.3 Equations used to predict incapacity 21 5.3.1 Asphyxiant gas model 21 5.3.2 Irritant gas model . 22 5.3.3 Mass loss m
22、odel 22 6 Toxic potency values 22 6.1 Generic values of toxic potency . 22 6.2 Toxic potency values obtained from chemical analyses 22 6.3 Toxic potency values obtained from animal tests 22 7 Limitations on the interpretation of toxicity test results . 22 8 Effluent components to be measured 23 8.1
23、Minimum reporting . 23 8.2 Additional reporting 23 8.2.1 Gaseous fire effluent components 23 8.2.2 Airborne particulates 24 Annex A (informative) Guidance for the use of LC 50values 25 Annex B (informative) A simple worked example to illustrate the principles of a toxic hazard analysis . 28 Annex C
24、(informative) F values for irritants . 32 Bibliography 33 60695-7-3 IEC:2011 3 Figure 1 Exposure dose as a function of time and concentration . 15 Figure 2 Time dependent components of fire hazard . 16 Figure 3 Total FED and contributors, as a function of time 18 Figure B.1 Flame spread rate for mat
25、erials A and B 29 Figure B.2 Relative toxic hazard of two materials time to lethality, i.e. FED 1 . 31 Table 1 Some toxic potency values . 20 Table 2 Combustion products . 24 Table B.1 Example FED calculation data for material A . 30 Table B.2 Example FED calculation data for material B 30 Table C.1
26、 F values for irritants . 32 4 60695-7-3 IEC:2011 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ FIRE HAZARD TESTING Part 7-3: Toxicity of fire effluent Use and interpretation of test results FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization
27、 comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International
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31、form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpr
32、etation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or
33、 regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried
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35、tees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to
36、the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be he
37、ld responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60695-7-3 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 89: Fire hazard testing. This first edition cancels and replaces the second edition of IEC/TS 60695-7-3 published in 2004. It constitutes a technical revisi
38、on and now has a status of an International Standard. It has the status of a basic safety publication in accordance with IEC Guide 104 and ISO/IEC Guide 51. This International Standard is to be used in conjunction with IEC 60695-7-1 and IEC 60695-7-2. The main changes with respect to the previous ed
39、ition are listed below: change of designation from a Technical Specification to an International Standard; 60695-7-3 IEC:2011 5 the Foreword, Introduction, and Clauses 1, 2 and 3 have been updated; expanded in all areas to further clarify the alignment with ISO/TC 92 Fire Safety and in particular wi
40、th ISO 13344, ISO 13571, ISO/IEC 13943, ISO 16312-1, ISO 16312-2, ISO 19701, ISO 19702 and ISO 19706; The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 89/1058/FDIS 89/1072/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the rep
41、ort on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all the parts in the 60695 series, under the general title Fire hazard testing, can be found on the IEC website. Part 7 consists of the following parts: Part 7-1
42、: Toxicity of fire effluent General guidance Part 7-2: Toxicity of fire effluent Summary and relevance of test methods Part 7-3: Toxicity of fire effluent Use and interpretation of test results Part 7-50: Toxicity of fire effluent Estimation of toxic potency Apparatus and test method Part 7-51: Toxi
43、city of fire effluent Estimation of toxic potency Calculation and interpretation of test results The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the speci
44、fic publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. 6 60695-7-3 IEC:2011 INTRODUCTION Electrotechnical products sometimes become involved in fires. However, except for certain specific cases (e.g. power generating stations, mass t
45、ransit tunnels, computer suites), electrotechnical products are not normally present in sufficient quantities to form the major source of toxic hazard. For example, in domestic dwellings and places of public assembly, electrotechnical products are usually a very minor source of fire effluent compare
46、d with, for example, furnishings. It should be noted that the IEC 60695-7 series of publications is subject to the ongoing evolution of fire safety philosophy within ISO/TC 92. The guidance in this international standard is consistent with the principles of fire safety developed by ISO TC 92 SC 3 on
47、 toxic hazards in fire, as described in ISO 13344, ISO 13571. ISO 16312-1, ISO 16312-2, ISO 19701, ISO 19702 and ISO 19706. General guidance for the fire hazard assessment of electrotechnical products is given in IEC 60695-1-10 and IEC 60695-1-11. In 1989, the following views were expressed in ISO/T
48、R 9122-1. “Small-scale toxic potency tests as we know them today are inappropriate for regulatory purposes. They cannot provide rank orderings of materials with respect to their propensity to produce toxic atmospheres in fires. All currently available tests are limited because of their inability to
49、replicate the dynamics of fire growth which determine the time/concentration profiles of the effluent in full-scale fires, and the response of electrotechnical products, not just materials. This is a crucial limitation because the toxic effects of combustion effluent are now known to depend much more on the rates and conditions of combustion than on the chemical constitution of the
