1、 IEC 62471-5 Edition 1.0 2015-06 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems Part 5: Image projectors IEC 62471-5:2015-06(en) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2015 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no
2、part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IECs member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC cop
3、yright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information. IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 3, rue de Varemb Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 CH-1211 Geneva 20 infoiec.ch Switzer
4、land www.iec.ch About the IEC The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. About IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept u
5、nder constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published. IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue The stand-alone application for consulting the entire bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, Tech
6、nical Specifications, Technical Reports and other documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and iPad. IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,). It also gives
7、information on projects, replaced and withdrawn publications. IEC Just Published - webstore.iec.ch/justpublished Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details all new publications released. Available online and also once a month by email. Electropedia - www.electropedia.org The
8、 worlds leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 15 additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online. IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
9、 More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37, 77, 86 and CISPR. IEC Customer Service Centre - webstore.iec.ch
10、/csc If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please contact the Customer Service Centre: csciec.ch. IEC 62471-5 Edition 1.0 2015-06 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Photobiological safety of lamps and lamp systems Part 5: Image projectors INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHN
11、ICAL COMMISSION ICS 29.140 ISBN 978-2-8322-2737-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. colour inside 2 IEC 62471-5:2015 IEC 2015 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope 8 2 N
12、ormative references. 8 3 Terms and definitions 9 4 General . 15 4.1 Basis for risk groups . 15 4.2 Example applications 16 4.2.1 RG0 / RG1 projectors . 16 4.2.2 RG2 projectors . 16 4.2.3 RG3 projectors . 16 4.3 Projector lamps . 16 4.4 Assessment criteria (background) 16 5 Risk group determination .
13、 17 5.1 Test conditions 17 5.2 Measurement conditions for image projectors 18 5.2.1 Measurement throw ratio 18 5.2.2 Measurement distance . 18 5.3 The position and size of apparent source, the calculation of angular subtense . 18 5.4 Measurement of irradiance specified apertures . 19 5.5 Measurement
14、 of radiance 19 5.6 Accessible emission limits . 20 5.6.1 For CW emission 20 5.6.2 For pulsed emission . 21 5.6.3 Spectral weighting functions . 22 5.7 Applying information from the lamp manufacturers . 23 5.7.1 General . 23 5.7.2 Limits provided in irradiance/radiant exposure 24 5.7.3 Limits provid
15、ed in radiance or radiance dose 24 6 Manufacturers requirements 24 6.1 General . 24 6.2 Determination of HD (hazard distance) 25 6.3 Safety feature “soft start“ 25 6.4 Optional safety features 25 6.4.1 Projection of warning message . 25 6.4.2 Power reduction by sensor system . 25 6.5 Labelling on pr
16、oducts 25 6.5.1 General . 25 6.5.2 RG0 projector 26 6.5.3 RG1 projector 26 6.5.4 RG2 projector 27 6.5.5 RG3 projector 28 6.6 User information 28 6.6.1 General . 28 6.6.2 Assessment of user accessible area . 29 IEC 62471-5:2015 IEC 2015 3 6.6.3 User information (user manual) 29 6.6.4 User information
17、 for maintenance . 30 6.7 Labelling and user information for image projectors where the risk group will be changed by interchangeable lens 30 6.7.1 General . 30 6.7.2 Labelling on the projector . 30 6.7.3 Mark on the interchangeable lens . 32 6.7.4 The user information in the user manual of the proj
18、ector . 32 6.7.5 The user information in the user manual of the interchangeable lens . 32 7 Information for service . 33 Annex A (normative) Test scheme for lamp types . 34 Annex B (informative) Example of calculations . 35 B.1 Radiance calculations . 35 B.1.1 General . 35 B.1.2 Calculation from mea
19、sured irradiance . 35 B.1.3 Calculation from luminous output 36 B.2 Calculation example of risk group (CW) . 37 B.2.1 Example of a 5 000 lm projector . 37 B.2.2 10 000 lm professional-use projector with an apparent source of small subtense angle (CW) 39 B.2.3 2 000 lm projector with small apparent s
20、ource (CW) 40 B.3 Calculation example of risk group (pulsed emission) 41 B.3.1 General . 41 B.3.2 14 000 lm projector with one peak 41 B.3.3 14 000 lm projector with two peaks . 44 Annex C (informative) Example of intra-beam of projector sources with millimetre scale 47 Annex D (informative) Measure
21、ment distance . 48 Annex E (informative) Hazard distance as a function of modifying optics . 50 Bibliography . 51 Figure 1 Exit pupil in projector 10 Figure 2 Examples of the application of the definition of pulse duration . 13 Figure 3 Definition of throw ratio. 15 Figure 4 Diameter of the apparent
22、 source . 18 Figure 5 RG1 label (optional) . 26 Figure 6 RG2 label . 27 Figure 7 RG2 caution symbol . 27 Figure 8 Sample design of RG2 caution pictogram 27 Figure 9 RG3 label . 28 Figure 10 Optical radiation warning symbol 28 Figure 11 “Not for household use“ symbol 28 Figure 12 RG2 label with the c
23、aution for RG3 . 31 Figure 13 RG2 caution label with the caution for RG3 . 31 Figure 14 RG2 pictogram with the caution for RG3 . 32 Figure B.1 Image of the apparent source and measurement condition . 37 4 IEC 62471-5:2015 IEC 2015 Figure B.2 Picture of the apparent source of a projector at the exit
24、pupil of the projection lenses with a scale 37 Figure B.3 Example with one peak of pulsed emission 42 Figure B.4 Example with two peaks of pulsed emission . 44 Figure C.1 Examples of intra-beam images of projector sources with millimetre scale 47 Figure E.1 Hazard distance as a function of modifying
25、 optics (example) 50 Table 1 Measurement criteria field of view (angles of acceptance) for CW source . 19 Table 2 Measurement criteria field of view (angles of acceptance) for pulsed source 19 Table 3 AEL (accessible emission limits) for risk groups of lamps and lamp systems emitting CW optical radi
26、ation . 20 Table 4 Time base values associated with the risk groups and hazards . 20 Table 5 Basic retinal thermal emission limit 20 Table 6 The values of C 5and for AEL calculation 21 Table 7 Pulse duration dependent values of max22 Table 8 Spectral weighting functions B( ) and R( ) for assessing r
27、etinal hazards 23 Table 9 Labelling on products 26 Table 10 User information in user manual . 29 Table A.1 Required evaluations . 34 IEC 62471-5:2015 IEC 2015 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF LAMPS AND LAMP SYSTEMS Part 5: Image projectors FOREWORD 1) The Inter
28、national Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and elect
29、ronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committee
30、s; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for St
31、andardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has
32、 representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurat
33、e, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional
34、publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some
35、 areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents in
36、cluding individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or re
37、liance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
38、 elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62471-5 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 76: Optical radiation safety and laser equipment. The text of this s
39、tandard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 76/519/FDIS 76/521/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, P
40、art 2. 6 IEC 62471-5:2015 IEC 2015 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfi
41、rmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
42、 of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. IEC 62471-5:2015 IEC 2015 7 INTRODUCTION Most lamps and lamp systems are safe and do not pose photobiological risks except under unusual exposure conditions. This also is the case for optical image projectors where
43、experience shows that even high power cinema projectors may be safe for accidental momentary viewing and can only under some conditions pose optical hazards at close distances or for intentional long-duration staring into the source. The rapid development of solid-state and other lamps or lamp syste
44、ms has permitted new projector products, and generated the need for a photobiological safety standard for this group of lamp systems. Optical radiation hazards from all types of lamps and lamp systems are currently assessed by the application of IEC 62471:2006 (CIE S 009:2002), Photobiological safet
45、y of lamps and lamp systems. IEC 62471 covers LEDs, incandescent, low- and high-pressure gas-discharge, arc and other lamps. Following the concept of vertical standards, the risk group classification system in IEC 62471 for lamps is to be adapted for specific product groups such as image projectors.
46、 This part of IEC 62471 provides a risk group classification system for image projectors, and measurement conditions for optical radiation emitted by image projectors. It includes manufacturing requirements that may be required as a result of an image projector system being assigned to a particular
47、risk group. Therefore, this part of IEC 62471 provides safety requirements for lamp systems that are intended to produce projected visible optical radiation, such as theatre projectors, data projectors and home-use projectors. The assigned risk group of a projector product also may be used by projec
48、tor manufacturers to assist with any risk assessments, e.g. for occupational exposure in workplaces. National requirements may exist for the assessment of products or occupational exposure. The emission limits provided in this part of IEC 62471 are derived from the exposure limits specified by ICNIR
49、P in their 2013 Guidelines for incoherent visible and infrared radiation 1 1 . These exposure limits are also the basis for the emission limits to be specified in the future International Standard IEC 62471-1 2 . _ 1Numbers in square brackets refer to the Bibliography. 2Revision of IEC 62471:2006. 8 IEC 62471-5:2015 IEC 2015 PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SAFETY OF LAMPS AND LAMP SYSTEMS Part 5: Image projectors 1 Scope This part of
